Project description:Soybean sprout, a kind of year-round vegetable in Asia, is perceived as a part of a healthy diet. We found that supplemental Ca2+ could increase soybean sprout yield and improve its nutrition qualities. Ca2+-treated sprouts had higher yield than water-treated ones. Metabolism of selected anti-nutritional factors and bioactive substances in soybean sprouts was strengthened by Ca2+. To investigate the role of Ca2+ in soybean during germination, proteomic changes were analyzed. Total protein from soybean sprouts that treated with deionized water or with 6 mM Ca2+ were analyzed.
Project description:To explore the mechanism underlying antioxidant activity of extracts from black soybean sprouts 0.5 cm long, Agilent-016772 G. max (Soybean) Oligo Microarray 4x44K was used to compare mRNA expression between the black soybean sprouts 0.5 cm long (n=4) and the black soybean sprouts 5 cm long (n=4). GO term enrichment analysis showed ten up-regulated genes (BE823689.1_567, GMFL01-02-F14-R_381, GMFL01-03-G22-R_364, GMFL01-14-M12-R_553, GMFL01-51-M23-R_265, AW757007.1_297, AW761420.1_260, BI788389.1_501, BQ273202.1_332 and GMFL01-10-I14-F_701) in the 0.5 cm seedlings were associated with response to oxidative stress. qRT-PCR assay confirmed the up-regulation of these ten genes in sprouts 0.5 cm long. In conclusion, these ten genes may contribute to antioxidant activity of sprout extract. Gene expressions in black soybean sprouts were measured using Agilent-016772 G. max (Soybean) Oligo Microarray 4x44K. Four independent experiments were performed in each group using different sprout sample.
Project description:Proton toxicity is one of the major environmental stresses limiting crop production, and becomes increasingly serious because of anthropogenic activities. To understand acid tolerance mechanisms, the plant growth, mineral nutrient accumulation and global transcriptome changes in soybean (Glycine max) in response to long-term acid stress were investigated. Results showed that acid stress significantly inhibited soybean root growth, but exhibited slight effects on the shoot growth. Moreover, concentrations of essential mineral nutrients were significantly affected by acid stress, mainly dependent on soybean organs and mineral nutrient types. The concentrations of phosphorus (P) and molybdenum (Mo) in both leaves and roots, nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) in roots and magnesium (Mg) in leaves were significantly decreased, respectively. Whereas, the concentrations of calcium (Ca), sulfate (S) and iron (Fe) were increased in both leaves and roots. Transcriptome analyses in soybean roots resulted in identifying 419 up-regulated and 555 down-regulated genes under acid conditions. A total of 38 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were involved in mineral nutrient transportation. Among them, all the detected five GmPTs and GmZIPs, two GmAMTs and GmKUP genes, together with GmIRT1, GmNramp5, GmVIT2.1, GmSKOR, GmTPK5 and GmHKT1, were significantly suppressed. Moreover, the genes encoding transcription factors (e.g., GmSTOP2s and a GmPHL1), and genes involved in pH stat metabolic pathways were significantly up-regulated by low pH stress in soybean roots. Taken together, it strongly suggested that maintaining pH stat and mineral nutrient homeostasis are adaptive strategies of soybean responses to acid stress, which might be regulated by a complex signaling network.
Project description:To explore the mechanism underlying antioxidant activity of extracts from black soybean sprouts 0.5 cm long, Agilent-016772 G. max (Soybean) Oligo Microarray 4x44K was used to compare mRNA expression between the black soybean sprouts 0.5 cm long (n=4) and the black soybean sprouts 5 cm long (n=4). GO term enrichment analysis showed ten up-regulated genes (BE823689.1_567, GMFL01-02-F14-R_381, GMFL01-03-G22-R_364, GMFL01-14-M12-R_553, GMFL01-51-M23-R_265, AW757007.1_297, AW761420.1_260, BI788389.1_501, BQ273202.1_332 and GMFL01-10-I14-F_701) in the 0.5 cm seedlings were associated with response to oxidative stress. qRT-PCR assay confirmed the up-regulation of these ten genes in sprouts 0.5 cm long. In conclusion, these ten genes may contribute to antioxidant activity of sprout extract.
Project description:To characterize heat stress-responsive genes and to clarify the heat stress-responsive transcription pathways, transcriptome analysis of soybean was conducted using microarray. Soybean (Glycine max cv. Williams82) were grown in plastic pots filled with nutrient soil for 2 weeks with a 12 h light (28°C)/12 h dark (25°C) regimen (ca. 1500 μmol photons mâ2 sâ1) and were treated for 30 min at 42°C.
Project description:Soybean (Glycine max) is an important agricultural crop, but nutrient deficiencies frequently limit soybean production. While research has advanced our understanding of plant responses to long-term nutrient deficiencies, less is known about the signaling pathways and immediate responses to certain nutrient deficiencies, such as Pi and Fe deficiencies. Recent studies have shown that sucrose acts as a long-distance signal that is sent in increased concentrations from the shoot to the root in response to various nutrient deficiencies. Here, we mimicked nutrient deficiency-induced sucrose signaling by adding sucrose directly to the roots. To unravel transcriptomic responses to sucrose acting as a signal, we performed Illumina RNA-sequencing of soybean roots treated with sucrose for 20 min and 40 min, compared to non-sucrose-treated controls. We obtained a total of 260 million paired-end reads, mapping to 61,675 soybean genes, some of which are novel (not yet annotated) transcripts. Of these, 358 genes were upregulated after 20 min, and 2416 were upregulated after 40 min of sucrose exposure. GO (gene ontology) analysis revealed a high proportion of sucrose-induced genes involved in signal transduction, particularly hormone, ROS (reactive oxygen species), and calcium signaling, in addition to regulation of transcription. In addition, GO enrichment analysis indicates that sucrose triggers crosstalk between biotic and abiotic stress responses.
Project description:Research conducted, including the rationale: Weeds reduce yield in soybeans through incompletely defined mechanisms. The effects of weeds on the soybean transcriptome were evaluated in field conditions during four separate gR1.fastqing seasons. Methods: RNASeq data were collected from 6 biological samples of soybeans gR1.fastqing with or without weeds. Weed species and the methods to maintain weed free controls varied between years to mitigate treatment effects and to allow detection of general soybeans weed responses. Key results: Soybean plants were not visibly nutrient or water stressed. We identified 55 consistently down-regulated genes in weedy plots. Many of the down-regulated genes were heat shock genes. Fourteen genes were consistently up-regulated. Several transcription factors including a PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 3-like gene (PIF3) were included among the up-regulated genes. Gene set enrichment analysis indicated roles for increased oxidative stress and jasmonic acid signaling responses during weed stress. Main conclusion: The relationship of this weed-induced PIF3 gene to genes involved in shade avoidance responses in arabidopsis provide evidence that this gene may be important in the response of soybean to weeds. These results suggest the weed-induced PIF3 gene will be a target for manipulating weed tolerance in soybean. Samples were collected from two treatments ("Control" and "Weedy") with six biological replicates (2008, 2009, and twop each for 2010 and 2011) for each treatment.