Project description:The root cap-specific conversion of the auxin precursor indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) into the main auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) generates a local auxin source which subsequently modulates both the periodicity and intensity of auxin response oscillations in the root tip of Arabidopsis, and consequently fine-tunes the spatiotemporal patterning of lateral roots. To explore downstream components of this signaling process, we investigated the early transcriptional regulations happening in the root tip during IBA-to-IAA conversion in Col-0 and ibr1 ibr3 ibr10 triple mutant after 6 hours of IBA treatment.
Project description:In this study, we performed an RNA-Seq transcriptomic analysis concerning acetic acid bacteria’s acid resistance mechanisms during a continuous and periodical industrial submerged vinegar fermentation process, where the acetic acid concentration fluctuates between ~8% and ~12%
Project description:Engineered strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are used for industrial production of succinic acid. Optimal process conditions for dicarboxylic-acid yield and recovery include slow growth, low pH and high CO2. To quantify and understand how these process parameters affect yeast physiology, this study investigates individual and combined impacts of low pH (3.0) and high CO2 (50 %) on slow-growing chemostat and retentostat cultures of the reference strain S. cerevisiae CEN.PK113-7D. Combined exposure to low pH and high CO2 led to increased maintenance-energy requirements and death rates in aerobic, glucose-limited cultures. Further experiments showed that these effects were predominantly caused by low pH. Growth under ammonium-limited, energy-excess conditions did not aggravate or ameliorate these adverse impacts. Despite the absence of a synergistic effect of low pH and high CO2 on physiology, high CO2 strongly affected genome-wide transcriptional responses to low pH. Interference of high CO2 with low-pH signaling is consistent with low-pH and high-CO2 signals being relayed via common (MAPK-)signaling pathways, notably the cell wall integrity (CWI), high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) and calcineurin pathways. This study highlights the need to further increase robustness of cell factories to low pH for carboxylic-acid production, even in organisms that are already applied at industrial scale.
Project description:Direct conversion generates patient-specific, disease-relevant cell types such as neurons that are rare, limited, or difficult to isolate from common and easily accessible cells such as skin cells. However, low rates of direct conversion and complex protocols limit scalability and thus the potential of cell-fate conversion for biomedical applications. Systems-level optimization of conversion protocols across molecular and cellular scales can support scalable cell manufacturing for diverse application. We use insights from our work on how proliferation and transcription factor levels act together to drive direct conversion to optimize the conversion protocol by examining process parameters including transcript design, delivery via AAV, retrovirus and lentivirus, cell seeding density, and the impact of media conditions. Thus, we report a compact, portable conversion process that boosts proliferation and increases direct conversion of mouse fibroblasts to induced motor neurons to achieve high conversion rates of above 1,000%, corresponding to more than 10 motor neurons yielded per cell seeded which we achieve through expansion. Our optimized, direct conversion process generates functional motor neurons at scales relevant for cell therapies (>107 cells) that graft with the mouse central nervous system. High-efficiency, compact, direct conversion systems will support scaling to patient-specific, neural cell therapies.
Project description:Direct conversion generates patient-specific, disease-relevant cell types such as neurons that are rare, limited, or difficult to isolate from common and easily accessible cells such as skin cells. However, low rates of direct conversion and complex protocols limit scalability and thus the potential of cell-fate conversion for biomedical applications. Systems-level optimization of conversion protocols across molecular and cellular scales can support scalable cell manufacturing for diverse application. We use insights from our work on how proliferation and transcription factor levels act together to drive direct conversion to optimize the conversion protocol by examining process parameters including transcript design, delivery via AAV, retrovirus and lentivirus, cell seeding density, and the impact of media conditions. Thus, we report a compact, portable conversion process that boosts proliferation and increases direct conversion of mouse fibroblasts to induced motor neurons to achieve high conversion rates of above 1,000%, corresponding to more than 10 motor neurons yielded per cell seeded which we achieve through expansion. Our optimized, direct conversion process generates functional motor neurons at scales relevant for cell therapies (>10^7 cells) that graft with the mouse central nervous system. High-efficiency, compact, direct conversion systems will support scaling to patient-specific, neural cell therapies.
2025-02-03 | GSE287882 | GEO
Project description:Optimizing CO2 capture by microbial electrosynthesis
Project description:Furans (furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF)), phenolic aldehydes (4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, syringaldehyde, and vanillin), and weak acids (acetic acid and formic acid) are the main degradation products of lignocellulose pretreatment process and seriously inhibit the cellullas enzyme activity and the fermentation process.
Project description:Human fetal progenitor tenocytes (hFPT) produced in defined cell bank systems have recently been characterized and qualified as potential therapeutic cell sources in tendon regenerative medicine. In view of further optimizing the manufacture of the cell-based active substance, the effects of hypoxic (i.e., 2% O2 partial pressure) in vitro culture expansion on key cellular characteristics or process parameters were evaluated. To this end, multiple aspects were comparatively assessed, in either normoxic incubation (i.e., 5% CO2 and 21% O2, standard conditions) or in hypoxic incubation (i.e., 5% CO2 and 2% O2, optimized conditions). Experimentally investigated parameters and endpoints comprised cellular proliferation, cellular morphology and size distribution, cell surface marker panels, cell susceptibility toward adipogenic and osteogenic induction, while relative protein expression levels were analyzed by quantitative mass spectrometry. Results outlined conserved basic cellular characteristics (i.e., surface marker panels, phenotype under chemical induction) as well as modified key cellular parameters (i.e., cell size distribution, endpoint cell yields, matrix protein contents) potentially procuring tangible benefits with regard to an optimized cell manufacturing workflow. Specific proteomic analyses further shed some light on the effects of hypoxia at a protein level, potentially orienting the further processing of hFPT for cell-free active substance manufacture. Overall, this study indicated that hypoxic incubation impacts specific hFPT key properties and enables optimized manufacture of tenocyte-based active substances in homologous standardized transplant products.