Thyroid hormone-responsive genes in primary cultures of rat hepatic cells
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1189567 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:cDNA microarray analysis was applied to primary cultures of rat hepatic cells treated with triiodothyronine (T3) at 10-9 M for 24 hrs to identify the differentially expressed genes. A limited number of genes were listed, and only 3 of them, pyridoxal kinase (Pdxk), phosphoe-nolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (Pck1), and solute carrier family 17 member 2 (Slc17a2), were con-firmed to be up-regulated by quantitative RT-PCR.
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2012-03-29 | E-GEOD-24793 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Tagged versions of thyroid hormone receptors alpha (TRa) and beta (TRb) were stably transfected in two C17.2 cell lines, C17.2a and C17.2b, respectively. Cells were treated with 10-7 M T3 for 6, 12 or 24h or left untreated. We performed DGE by sequencing all polyA RNA according to a SAGE-derived method. Differential gene expression after T3 treatment was computed and the T3 responses induced by the two receptors were compared. We could conclude that, in a similar environment, target genes are only partially shared and that a significant proportion show receptor preference and even selectivity. Examination of thyroid hormone target genes over time in two cell lines (C17.2a, C17.2b), each expressing one of the thyroid hormone receptors (alpha, beta).
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Project description:Maternal low thyroxine (T4) serum levels during the first trimester of pregnancy correlate with cerebral cortex volume and mental development of the progeny, but why neural cells during early fetal brain development are vulnerable to maternal T4 levels remains unknown. In this study, using iPSCs obtained from a boy with a loss-of-function mutation in MCT8—a transporter previously identified as critical for thyroid hormone uptake and action in neural cells—we demonstrate that thyroid hormones induce transcriptional changes that promote the progression of human neural precursor cells along the dorsal projection trajectory. Consistent with these findings, single-cell, spatial, and bulk transcriptomics from MCT8-deficient cerebral organoids and cultures of human neural precursor cells underscore the necessity for optimal thyroid hormone levels for these cells to differentiate into neurons. The controlled intracellular activation of T4 signaling occurs through the transient expression of the enzyme type 2 deiodinase, which converts T4 into its active form, T3, alongside the coordinated expression of thyroid hormone nuclear receptors. The intracellular activation of T4 in NPCs results in transcriptional changes important for their division mode and cell cycle progression. Thus, T4 is essential for fetal neurogenesis, highlighting the importance of adequate treatment for mothers with hypothyroidism.
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Project description:Thyroid hormone (TH) secreted by the thyroid gland plays essential roles in regulating metabolism, development, and nervous system function. Thyroid hormone receptor-associated protein 3 (THRAP3) is a nuclear coactivator that interacts with the thyroid hormone receptor (TR) and facilitates target gene regulation through the mediator complex. Although this mechanism has been well studied in other tissues, the specific role of THRAP3 in skeletal muscle remains unclear. Here we investigated the function of THRAP3 in skeletal muscle using Thrap3 knockout (KO) C2C12 cells. Loss of THRAP3 significantly suppressed the expression of key myogenic regulatory factors, including Myod1, Mef2c, and myosin heavy chain genes, resulting in impaired myogenic differentiation and muscle diameter. Furthermore, we found that THRAP3 influences triiodothyronine (T3)-induced gene expression, suggesting that it cooperatively modulates thyroid hormone signaling in muscle cells. Taken together, our findings identify THRAP3 as a novel regulator of myogenesis and indicate that it supports T3 activity by coordinating thyroid hormone–responsive gene expression in skeletal muscle.
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Project description:Maternal low thyroxine (T4) serum levels during the first trimester of pregnancy correlate with cerebral cortex volume and mental development of the progeny, but why neural cells during early fetal brain development are vulnerable to maternal T4 levels remains unknown. In this study, using iPSCs obtained from a boy with a loss-of-function mutation in MCT8—a transporter previously identified as critical for thyroid hormone uptake and action in neural cells—we demonstrate that thyroid hormones induce transcriptional changes that promote the progression of human neural precursor cells along the dorsal projection trajectory. Consistent with these findings, single-cell, spatial, and bulk transcriptomics from MCT8-deficient cerebral organoids and cultures of human neural precursor cells underscore the necessity for optimal thyroid hormone levels for these cells to differentiate into neurons. The controlled intracellular activation of T4 signaling occurs through the transient expression of the enzyme type 2 deiodinase, which converts T4 into its active form, T3, alongside the coordinated expression of thyroid hormone nuclear receptors. The intracellular activation of T4 in NPCs results in transcriptional changes important for their division mode and cell cycle progression. Thus, T4 is essential for fetal neurogenesis, highlighting the importance of adequate treatment for mothers with hypothyroidism.
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Project description:Using tadpoles mutant for thyroid hormone receptor alpha (thra), we show that TRa is required for thyroid hormone (T3) induction of cell proliferation in the brain. RNA-sequencing showed that the TRa is required for 95% of the gene regulation responses to T3.
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