Project description:In this study, we combined a subsystem-based comparative genomic approach with experimental validation to reconstruct the metabolic and regulatory networks of carbohydrate utilization in 11 complete genomes from the Thermotogales order.
Project description:28 Streptomyces strains isolated from common scab lesions of potato tubers from a wide geographic range in Norway, were selected for microarray analysis. The selected strains were subjected to species identification by microarray, 16S phylogenetic analysis and PCR; and microarray-based comparative genome analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of S. turgidiscabies and S. europaeiscabiei in Norway.
Project description:Venoms and the toxins they contain represent molecular adaptations that have evolved on numerous occasions throughout the animal kingdom. However, the processes that shape venom protein evolution are poorly understood because of the scarcity of whole genome data available for comparative analyses of venomous species. Here, we perform a broad comparative toxicogenomic analysis to gain insight into the genomic mechanisms of venom evolution in robber flies (Asilidae). We first sequenced a high-quality draft genome of the hymenopteran hunting robber fly Dasypogon diadema, and analysed its venom by a combined proteotranscriptomic approach, and compared our results to recently described robber fly venoms to assess the general composition and major components of asilid venom. We then applied a comparative genomics approach, based on one additional asilid genome, ten high-quality dipteran genomes, and two lepidopteran outgroup-genomes, to reveal the evolutionary mechanisms and origins of identified venom proteins in robber flies. While some venom proteins were identified in the non-asilid genomes, several of the identified highly expressed venom proteins appear to be unique to robber flies. Our results reveal that the venom of D. diadema likely evolves in a multimodal fashion comprising 1) neofunctionalization after gene duplication, 2) expression-dependent co-option of proteins and 3) asilid lineage-specific orphan genes with enigmatic origin. The role of such orphan genes is currently being disputed in evolutionary genomics, but has not yet discussed in the context of toxin evolution. Our results display an unexpected dynamic venom evolution in asilid insects, which contrasts the findings of the only other insect toxicogenomic evolutionary analysis, in parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera), were toxin evolution is dominated by single gene co-option.