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Spatial transcriptomics reveals the immunomodulatory activities of an oncolytic adenovirus armed with a type I interferon in a replication-permissive immunocompetent pancreatic cancer model

ABSTRACT: Spatial transcriptomics reveals the immunomodulatory activities of an oncolytic adenovirus armed with a type I interferon in a replication-permissive immunocompetent pancreatic cancer model

PROVIDER: PRJNA1207477 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR31913455_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR31913455_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR31913456_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR31913456_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR31913457_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Spatial transcriptomics reveals the immunomodulatory activities of an oncolytic adenovirus armed with a type I interferon in a replication-permissive immunocompetent pancreatic cancer model

Project description:Oncolytic adenoviruses (OAds) are emerging as a promising class of viro-immunotherapy. Here, we focused on a replication-competent OAd armed with a type I interferon (OAd-IFN) and assessed its immunological activities in a replication-permissive, immunocompetent Syrian hamster pancreatic cancer model. Our spatial transcriptomic analysis revealed the critical role of locally expressed type I IFN in the immunomodulatory activities of OAd-IFN in the tumor microenvironment.

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Targeted and armed oncolytic adenovirus via chemoselective modification.

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Tumor-targeting and cytokine-armed vaccinia virus promotes cytotoxicity towards pancreatic carcinoma cells via activation of human intermediary CD56dimCD16dim natural killer cells.

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Thymosin α1 reverses oncolytic adenovirus-induced M2 polarization of macrophages to improve antitumor immunity and therapeutic efficacy

Project description:Although oncolytic adenoviruses have been widely studied for their direct oncolytic activity and immunomodulatory role in cancer immunotherapy, the immunosuppressive feedback loop induced by oncolytic adenoviruses remains poorly studied. Here, we showed that type V adenovirus (ADV) induces the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) to the M2 phenotype and increases the infiltration of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). By selectively compensating for these deficiencies, Tα1 reprogrammed “M2-like” TAMs toward an antitumoral phenotype, thereby reprogramming the TME into a state more beneficial for antitumor immunity. Moreover, ADVTα1 was constructed by harnessing the merits of all the components for the aforementioned combinatorial therapy. Both in vitro and in vivo data showed that both exogenously supplied and adenovirus-produced Tα1 orchestrate TAM reprogramming and enhance the antitumor efficacy of ADV via CD8+ T cells, showing promising prospects for clinical translation. Our findings provide inspiration for improving oncolytic adenovirus combination therapy and designing new oncolytic engineered adenoviruses.

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Thymosin α1 reverses oncolytic adenovirus-induced M2 polarization of macrophages to improve antitumor immunity and therapeutic efficacy

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Project description:Human melanoma tumor cells (HS294T) and monocytes (THP-1) were infected with a double deleted (-VGF, -TK) oncolytic vaccinia virus expressing human DAI (DNA-dependent activator of interferon-regulatory factors). Total RNA was collected and gene expresson profiles were determined with Agilent microarray. An oncolytic vaccinia virus that does not express DAI was used to control the effect of DAI and uninfected cells (PBS treated) were used to control the effect of virus infection. In oncolytic virotherapy the ability of the virus to activate the immune system against tumors is nowadays generally understood to be a key mechanism in full eradication of cancer and for long-term anti-tumor effects. We armed an oncolytic vaccinia virus with DAI to increase the immunogenicity and the vaccine potency of the virus. The aim of this study was to study if the expression of DAI by a replicating vaccinia virus would alter the gene expression profile of infected cells and to study what are the differentially expressed genes. Three-condition experiment: vvdd-tdTomato-hDAI vs. vvdd-tdTomato vs. PBS treated cells. 2 cell lines: HS294T tumor cells and THP-1 monocytes. 3 biological replicates of virus infected cells per cell line and 2 uninfected replicates per cell line. HS294T and THP-1 cells were treated with vvdd-tdTomato-hDAI or vvdd-tdTomato control virus, or with PBS only to have an uninfected control. 16 hours after infection total RNA was extracted and whole genome gene pfofiles were analyzed and differentially expressed genes determined.

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Effect of human DAI expressed by an oncolytic vaccinia virus on the gene expression of tumor cells (HS294T) and monocytes (THP-1).

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Abscopal Effect in Non-injected Tumors Achieved with Cytokine-Armed Oncolytic Adenovirus.

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