Mus musculus
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA132221 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Living organisms detect seasonal changes in day length (photoperiod), and alter their physiological functions accordingly, to fit seasonal environmental changes. This photoperiodic system is implicated in seasonal affective disorders and the season-associated symptoms observed in bipolar disease and schizophrenia. Thyroid-stimulating hormone beta subunit (Tshb), induced in the pars tuberalis (PT), plays a key role in the pathway that regulates animal photoperiodism. However, the upstream inducers of Tshb expression remain unknown. Here we show that late-night light stimulation acutely triggers the Eya3-Six1 pathway, which directly induces Tshb expression. Using melatonin-proficient CBA/N mice, which preserve the photoperiodic Tshb-expression response, we performed a genome-wide expression analysis of the PT under chronic short-day and long-day conditions. These data comprehensively identified long-day and short-day genes, and indicated that late-night light stimulation induces long-day genes. We verified this by advancing and extending the light period by 8 hours, which acutely induced Tshb expression, within one day. In a genome-wide expression analysis under this condition, we searched for candidate upstream genes by looking for expression that preceded Tshb’s, and identified Eya3 gene. These results elucidate the comprehensive transcriptional photoperiodic response in the PT, revealing the complex regulation of Tshb expression and unexpectedly rapid response to light changes in the mammalian photoperiodic system.
2010-12-02 | GSE24775 | GEO
Project description:Living organisms detect seasonal changes in day length (photoperiod), and alter their physiological functions accordingly, to fit seasonal environmental changes. This photoperiodic system is implicated in seasonal affective disorders and the season-associated symptoms observed in bipolar disease and schizophrenia. Thyroid-stimulating hormone beta subunit (Tshb), induced in the pars tuberalis (PT), plays a key role in the pathway that regulates animal photoperiodism. However, the upstream inducers of Tshb expression remain unknown. Here we show that late-night light stimulation acutely triggers the Eya3-Six1 pathway, which directly induces Tshb expression. Using melatonin-proficient CBA/N mice, which preserve the photoperiodic Tshb-expression response, we performed a genome-wide expression analysis of the PT under chronic short-day and long-day conditions. These data comprehensively identified long-day and short-day genes, and indicated that late-night light stimulation induces long-day genes. We verified this by advancing and extending the light period by 8 hours, which acutely induced Tshb expression, within one day. In a genome-wide expression analysis under this condition, we searched for candidate upstream genes by looking for expression that preceded Tshb’s, and identified Eya3 gene. These results elucidate the comprehensive transcriptional photoperiodic response in the PT, revealing the complex regulation of Tshb expression and unexpectedly rapid response to light changes in the mammalian photoperiodic system. Mice were separated into 2 groups. One group was maintained under the short-day conditions (light: dark = 8 h:16 h, ZT0 = lights on, ZT8 = lights off, 400 lux) and the other was housed under long-day conditions (light:dark = 16 h:8 h, ZT0 = lights on, ZT16 = lights off, 400 lux) for 2 weeks. The PTs of both groups were retrieved every 4 h for 1 day (6 time points for each group), starting at ZT0. For the experiments performed during the first day of the long-day conditions, we applied two different conditions, following 3 weeks under short-day conditions. In one, the light-onset was advanced by 8 hours (advance condition), and in the other, the dark period was delayed by 8 hours (delay condition). PTs from both groups were obtained every 4 h for 1 day, starting at the lights-on time. (Lights on for the advance condition was ZT16 as defined by the short-day condition. Lights on for the delay condition was ZT0). We sampled 25 mice at each time point. This whole procedure was repeated twice (n = 2) to obtain experimental replicates.
2010-12-02 | E-GEOD-24775 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Transcriptome profiling of the ovine pars tuberalis in long and short photoperiod conditions
| PRJNA274132 | ENA
Project description:Persistent free-running circannual (circa 1-year) rhythms have evolved in animals to regulate hormone cycles and time annual reproduction. In mammals, these are synchronized by environmental photoperiod and the melatonin signal. Long summer-like photoperiods (LP) activates thyrotrophs and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) expression in the melatonin target tissue, the pars tuberalis (PT) region of the pituitary gland, driven by the transcriptional co-activator EYA3. TSH in turn stimulates thyroid hormone (TH) conversion in hypothalamic ependymal tanycytes, thus timing breeding seasons. In contrast to our new knowledge defining photoperiodic input, it is still not known which cells, tissues and pathways generate the underlying circannual cycle. We used seasonal sheep to characterise the circannual cycle, transferring animals from short winter-like photoperiods (SP) to prolonged LP conditions, and assaying prolactin to track circannual phase in individual animals. Using RNA-seq, we profiled PT cells at different phases of the circannual cycle, and defined extensive changes of cellular-remodeling pathways and genes encoding synaptic guidance proteins in the PT.
2015-10-09 | GSE65900 | GEO
Project description:Persistent free-running circannual (circa 1-year) rhythms have evolved in animals to regulate hormone cycles and time annual reproduction. In mammals, these are synchronized by environmental photoperiod and the melatonin signal. Long summer-like photoperiods (LP) activates thyrotrophs and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) expression in the melatonin target tissue, the pars tuberalis (PT) region of the pituitary gland, driven by the transcriptional co-activator EYA3. TSH in turn stimulates thyroid hormone (TH) conversion in hypothalamic ependymal tanycytes, thus timing breeding seasons. In contrast to our new knowledge defining photoperiodic input, it is still not known which cells, tissues and pathways generate the underlying circannual cycle. We used seasonal sheep to characterise the circannual cycle, transferring animals from short winter-like photoperiods (SP) to prolonged LP conditions, and assaying prolactin to track circannual phase in individual animals. Using RNA-seq, we profiled PT cells at different phases of the circannual cycle, and defined extensive changes of cellular-remodeling pathways and genes encoding synaptic guidance proteins in the PT.
2015-10-09 | GSE65475 | GEO
Project description:To understand the mechanisms of sexual behaviour in rams, transcriptomic sequencing technology was used to identify differentially expressed genes in key brain tissues We then performed gene expression profiling analysis using data obtained from RNA-seq of hypothalamus (HT), pars tuberalis (PT) and pineal gland (PG) in rams with different sexual behaviours
2022-11-08 | GSE204861 | GEO
Project description:Transcriptome profiling of the ovine pars tuberalis in long and short photoperiod conditions [4-22 weeks]
| PRJNA275351 | ENA
Project description:Accurate timing and anticipation of seasonal changes are required to initiate physiological adaptations over the course of the year such as hibernation, changes in metabolism, fattening and reproductive activity. To achieve this, organisms have evolved complex seasonal timekeeping systems that rely on day length sensing (photoperiodism). The aim of this project is to investigate the role of the circadian clock in photoperiodism within the crucial photoperiod sensing tissue the pars tuberalis.
2020-02-04 | GSE144677 | GEO
Project description:Gene expression in the quail MBH under short and long day conditions.
| PRJNA100817 | ENA
Project description:The pituitary gland regulates growth, metabolism, reproduction, the stress response, uterine contractions, lactation, and water retention. It secretes polypeptide hormones in response to hypothalamic input, end organ feedback, and diurnal cues. The mechanisms by which pituitary stem cells are recruited to proliferate, maintain quiescence or differentiate into specific cell types, especially thyrotropes, are not well understood. We utilized single-cell RNA sequencing in juvenile P7 mouse pituitary cells to identify transcription factors in pituitary stem and endocrine populations, with a focus on thyrotrope subpopulations. We first identified common gene regulatory networks activated in proliferating stem and proliferating endocrine cells. We ascertained Shox2 and Sox14 as candidate regulators of pars distalis and pars tuberalis thyrotropes, respectively, and subsequently found reduced hormone expression in Sox14-knockout pars tuberalis thyrotropes. We further discovered dual-identity cells expressing both POU1F1 and NR5A1 and demonstrated that approximately one-third of pars distalis thyrotropes are descended from NR5A1-expressing cells, typically considered gonadotrope progenitors. We have therefore used single-cell transcriptomics to identify novel developmental mechanisms regulating the specification and hormone expression in thyrotrope subpopulations.
2022-09-02 | GSE205418 | GEO