Project description:Interleukin 2 (IL-2), a cytokine linked to human autoimmune diseases, limits IL-17 production. We show that deletion of Stat3 in T cells abrogates IL-17 production and attenuates autoimmunity associated with IL-2 deficiency. While STAT3 induces IL-17 and ROR?t and inhibits Foxp3, IL-2 inhibited IL-17 independently of Foxp3 and ROR?t. We found that STAT3 and STAT5 bound to multiple common sites across the Il17 genetic locus. The induction of STAT5 binding by IL-2 was associated with a reduction in STAT3 binding at these sites and the inhibition of associated active epigenetic marks. Titrating the relative activation of STAT3 and STAT5 modulated TH17 cell specification. Thus, the balance rather than the absolute magnitude of these signals determines the propensity of cells to make a key inflammatory cytokine. The roles of STAT3 and STAT5 in regulation of gene expression under Th17 differentiation was investigated. Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Arrays were used to evaluate global gene expression.
Project description:Interleukin 2 (IL-2), a cytokine linked to human autoimmune diseases, limits IL-17 production. We show that deletion of Stat3 in T cells abrogates IL-17 production and attenuates autoimmunity associated with IL-2 deficiency. While STAT3 induces IL-17 and RORγt and inhibits Foxp3, IL-2 inhibited IL-17 independently of Foxp3 and RORγt. We found that STAT3 and STAT5 bound to multiple common sites across the Il17 genetic locus. The induction of STAT5 binding by IL-2 was associated with a reduction in STAT3 binding at these sites and the inhibition of associated active epigenetic marks. Titrating the relative activation of STAT3 and STAT5 modulated TH17 cell specification. Thus, the balance rather than the absolute magnitude of these signals determines the propensity of cells to make a key inflammatory cytokine. The genome-wide binding of STAT3 and STAT5 under Th17 conditions was investigated by CHIP-seq.
Project description:Exosomal and cellular miRNA expression levels were measured using a microRNA chip array or quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). miR-24-3p was enriched in T-EXOs from the sera of NPC patients and NPC cells, which was correlated with worse disease-free survival (DFS). Exosomes (miR-24-3p-sponge-EXO) released from miR-24-3p-sponge-TW03 cells failed to inhibit T-cell proliferation and Th1 and Th17 differentiation or to induce Treg differentiation in vitro, compared with controlNC -sponge-EXO. Mechanistic analyses revealed that in miR-24-3p-sponge-EXO-treated T-cells, P-ERK, P-STAT1 and P-STAT3 were up-regulated, whereas P-STAT5 was down-regulated compared with controlNC-sponge-EXO-treated T-cells. FGF11 was identified as a direct target gene of miR-24-3p through in vivo and in vitro assessments. More importantly, the T-EXOs repressed FGF11 expression in T-cells during proliferation and differentiation. Interestingly, when FGF11 expression in T-cells was blocked, miR-24-3p-sponge-EXOs impeded shFGF11-T-cell proliferation and Th1 and Th17 differentiation but induced Treg differentiation, like controlNC-sponge-EXO. When FGF11 was knocked down in miR-24-3p-sponge-EXO-treated T-cells, neither P-ERK, P-STAT1 and P-STAT3 up-regulation or P-STAT5 down-regulation occurred. Interestingly, FGF11 expression in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) was significantly and positively correlated with the number of CD4+ and CD8+ TILs and predicted favorable DFS of the patients (p < 0.05). Two-condition experiment, one nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line TW03 vs. one normal epithelium cell line NP69. Biological replicates: 1 nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line TW03; 1 nasopharyngeal epithelial cell line NP69.
Project description:STAT3 is an immidiate regulator of Th17 differentiation. STAT3 difieciency downmodulate Th17 specific genes and Th17 responses. Therefore, we intend to identify genome wide targets of STAT3. We used microarrays to profile gene expression of STAT3 regulated genes during Th17 polarization. Total RNA was extracted from non-targeting and STAT3 siRNA treated Thp, Th0 and Th17 cell samples from different time points. Total RNA subjected to poly-A selection and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays.
Project description:STAT3 is an immidiate regulator of Th17 differentiation. STAT3 difieciency downmodulate Th17 specific genes and Th17 responses. Therefore, we intend to identify genome wide targets of STAT3. We used microarrays to profile gene expression of STAT3 regulated genes during Th17 polarization.
Project description:Introgressed variants from other species can be an important source of genetic variation because they may arise rapidly, can include multiple mutations on a single haplotype, and have often been pretested by selection in the species of origin. Although introgressed alleles are generally deleterious, several studies have reported introgression as the source of adaptive alleles-including the rodenticide-resistant variant of Vkorc1 that introgressed from Mus spretus into European populations of Mus musculus domesticus. Here, we conducted bidirectional genome scans to characterize introgressed regions into one wild population of M. spretus from Spain and three wild populations of M. m. domesticus from France, Germany, and Iran. Despite the fact that these species show considerable intrinsic postzygotic reproductive isolation, introgression was observed in all individuals, including in the M. musculus reference genome (GRCm38). Mus spretus individuals had a greater proportion of introgression compared with M. m. domesticus, and within M. m. domesticus, the proportion of introgression decreased with geographic distance from the area of sympatry. Introgression was observed on all autosomes for both species, but not on the X-chromosome in M. m. domesticus, consistent with known X-linked hybrid sterility and inviability genes that have been mapped to the M. spretus X-chromosome. Tract lengths were generally short with a few outliers of up to 2.7 Mb. Interestingly, the longest introgressed tracts were in olfactory receptor regions, and introgressed tracts were significantly enriched for olfactory receptor genes in both species, suggesting that introgression may be a source of functional novelty even between species with high barriers to gene flow.
Project description:Exosomal and cellular miRNA expression levels were measured using a microRNA chip array or quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). miR-24-3p was enriched in T-EXOs from the sera of NPC patients and NPC cells, which was correlated with worse disease-free survival (DFS). Exosomes (miR-24-3p-sponge-EXO) released from miR-24-3p-sponge-TW03 cells failed to inhibit T-cell proliferation and Th1 and Th17 differentiation or to induce Treg differentiation in vitro, compared with controlNC -sponge-EXO. Mechanistic analyses revealed that in miR-24-3p-sponge-EXO-treated T-cells, P-ERK, P-STAT1 and P-STAT3 were up-regulated, whereas P-STAT5 was down-regulated compared with controlNC-sponge-EXO-treated T-cells. FGF11 was identified as a direct target gene of miR-24-3p through in vivo and in vitro assessments. More importantly, the T-EXOs repressed FGF11 expression in T-cells during proliferation and differentiation. Interestingly, when FGF11 expression in T-cells was blocked, miR-24-3p-sponge-EXOs impeded shFGF11-T-cell proliferation and Th1 and Th17 differentiation but induced Treg differentiation, like controlNC-sponge-EXO. When FGF11 was knocked down in miR-24-3p-sponge-EXO-treated T-cells, neither P-ERK, P-STAT1 and P-STAT3 up-regulation or P-STAT5 down-regulation occurred. Interestingly, FGF11 expression in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) was significantly and positively correlated with the number of CD4+ and CD8+ TILs and predicted favorable DFS of the patients (p < 0.05).
Project description:Interleukin 17 (IL-17) producing T helper 17 (Th17) cells are critical drivers of pathogenesis in a variety of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Strategies to mitigate excessive Th17 response thus remain an attractive target for immunotherapies. Here we report that Cancerous Inhibitor of Protein Phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) regulates IL-17 production by Th17 cells in human and mouse. Using CIP2A knock-out (KO) mice and siRNA-mediated CIP2A silencing in human primary CD4+ T cells, we demonstrated that CIP2A silencing results in a significant increase in IL-17 production. Interestingly, CIP2A deficient Th17 cells were characterized by increased strength and duration of STAT3 (Y705) phosphorylation. Genome-wide gene expression profile as well as the p-STAT3 (Y705) interactome of CIP2A deficient Th17 cells identified that CIP2A regulates the strength of the interaction between Acylglycerol kinase (AGK) and STAT3, and thereby, modulates STAT3 phosphorylation as well as expression of IL-17 in Th17 cells. Our results uncover the physiological function of CIP2A in Th17 cells and provides new opportunities for therapeutic intervention in Th17 cell mediated diseases.
Project description:The development of therapeutic strategies to combat immune-associated diseases requires the molecular mechanisms of human Th17 cell differentiation to be fully identified and understood. To investigate transcriptional control of Th17 cell differentiation we used primary human CD4+ T cells in siRNA-mediated gene silencing and chromatin-immunoprecipitation followed by massive parallel sequencing (ChIP-seq) to identify both the early direct and indirect targets of STAT3. The integrated data set presented in this study confirms that STAT3 is critical for transcriptional regulation of early human Th17 cell differentiation. Importantly, we found that a large number of SNPs from loci associated with immune mediated disorders were located at sites where STAT3 binds to induce Th17 cell specification. Introduction of such SNPs alters STAT3 binding in DNA Affinity Precipitation Assays. Overall, our study provides important new insights for modulating Th17-mediated pathogenic immune responses in humans.