Project description:Analysis of the early transcriptome signature of infection of primary endothelial cells by Nipah virus vs. Nipah virus deleted for the expression of non-structural C protein
Project description:Nipah virus (NiV) is a recently emerged zoonotic Paramyxovirus that causes regular outbreaks in East Asia with mortality rate exceeding 75%. Major cellular targets of NiV infection are endothelial cells and neurons. To better understand virus-host interaction, we analysed the transcriptome profile of NiV infection in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells. We found that NiV infection strongly induces genes involved in interferon response in endothelial cells. Among the top ten upregulated genes, we identified the chemokine CXCL10 (interferon-induced protein 10, IP-10), an important chemoattractant involved in the generation of inflammatory immune response and neurotoxicity. We performed microarray gene expression profiling of NiV infected HUVEC cell (2 replicates) and of uninfected HUVEC cell (2 replicates).
Project description:Nipah virus (NiV) is a recently emerged zoonotic Paramyxovirus that causes regular outbreaks in East Asia with mortality rate exceeding 75%. Major cellular targets of NiV infection are endothelial cells and neurons. To better understand virus-host interaction, we analysed the transcriptome profile of NiV infection in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells. We found that NiV infection strongly induces genes involved in interferon response in endothelial cells. Among the top ten upregulated genes, we identified the chemokine CXCL10 (interferon-induced protein 10, IP-10), an important chemoattractant involved in the generation of inflammatory immune response and neurotoxicity.
Project description:Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly pathogenic, negative strand RNA paramyxovirus that has recently emerged from flying foxes to cause serious human disease. To study the poorly-understood role of nonstructural NiV proteins in NiV pathogenesis, we generated recombinant viruse lacking the expression of accesory NiV C protein (NiVM-bM-^HM-^FC). To analyse the molecular basis of NiVM-bM-^HM-^FC attenuation we have used the gene microarray approach to study early changes of gene expression in infected primary human endothelial cells, which is a major cellular target of human NiV infection. We performed microarray gene expression profiling of NiV infected HUVEC cell (2 replicates), of uninfected HUVEC cell (2 replicates) and of NiVM-bM-^HM-^FC infected HUVEC cell (2 replicates).
Project description:Nipah virus is a deadly paramyxovirus with 40-75% mortality and >750 cases since 1998. Currently there are no clinically approved vaccines or therapeutics to target infection. Nipah is an enveloped virus with two surface glycoproteins, the trimeric fusion (F) and tetrameric attachment glycoprotein (G). G is responsible for cellular attachment via binding to ephrin B2/B3. Glycosylation of Nipah G and its effects on receptor engagement has not previously been studied but is important as glycosylation impacts immunogenicity, receptor binding and structural conformations for other enveloped virus glycoproteins. Our phylogenetic and mass spectrometry analysis of sitespecific N-glycans of the Nipah G Malaysia strain revealed how N-glycosylation has evolved since the appearance of the virus in 1998. We discovered that the N481 N-glycosite is not conserved and although the glycan does not directly contribute to receptor binding, the threonine/serine in the glycosylation sequon is critical for maintaining long-range stability of individual G subunits that facilitates ephrin B2 binding affinity. Together, these data reveal plasticity of N-glycosylation sites across Nipah species and the presence of hydrogen bonding networks that contribute to G stability and host engagement, which is valuable information for understanding virus attachment/entry mechanisms as well as the rationale design of structure-based vaccines.
Project description:Dengue viruses cause two severe diseases that alter vascular fluid barrier functions, dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). While the mechanisms that lead to vascular permeability are unknown, the endothelium plays a central role in regulating fluid and cellular efflux from capillaries. Thus, dysregulation of endothelial cells functions by dengue virus infection may contribute to pathogenesis and severe disease. We used microarrays to investigate the effect of dengue virus infection on gene expression within primary human endothelial cells at various times post infection and identified numerous upregulated antiviral and immune response genes. Early passage primary endothelial cells (HUVECs) were mock infected (no virus) or infected with dengue virus and total RNA collected at 3 timepoints: 12, 24, and 48 hours post infection. Multiple timepoints were analyzed to identify changes in gene expression levels over time. Gene expression from both mock infected and dengue virus infected endothelial cells was evaluated to determine fold induction at each timepoint.
Project description:Analysis of ex vivo isolated lymphatic endothelial cells from the dermis of patients to define type 2 diabetes-induced changes. Results preveal aberrant dermal lymphangiogenesis and provide insight into its role in the pathogenesis of persistent skin inflammation in type 2 diabetes. The ex vivo dLEC transcriptome reveals a dramatic influence of the T2D environment on multiple molecular and cellular processes, mirroring the phenotypic changes seen in T2D affected skin. The positively and negatively correlated dLEC transcripts directly cohere to prolonged inflammatory periods and reduced infectious resistance of patients´ skin. Further, lymphatic vessels might be involved in tissue remodeling processes during T2D induced skin alterations associated with impaired wound healing and altered dermal architecture. Hence, dermal lymphatic vessels might be directly associated with T2D disease promotion. Global gene expression profile of normal dermal lymphatic endothelial cells (ndLECs) compared to dermal lymphatic endothelial cells derived from type 2 diabetic patients (dLECs).Quadruplicate biological samples were analyzed from human lymphatic endothelial cells (4 x diabetic; 4 x non-diabetic). subsets: 1 disease state set (dLECs), 1 control set (ndLECs)
Project description:Analysis of ex vivo isolated lymphatic endothelial cells from the dermis of patients to define type 2 diabetes-induced changes. Results preveal aberrant dermal lymphangiogenesis and provide insight into its role in the pathogenesis of persistent skin inflammation in type 2 diabetes. The ex vivo dLEC transcriptome reveals a dramatic influence of the T2D environment on multiple molecular and cellular processes, mirroring the phenotypic changes seen in T2D affected skin. The positively and negatively correlated dLEC transcripts directly cohere to prolonged inflammatory periods and reduced infectious resistance of patients´ skin. Further, lymphatic vessels might be involved in tissue remodeling processes during T2D induced skin alterations associated with impaired wound healing and altered dermal architecture. Hence, dermal lymphatic vessels might be directly associated with T2D disease promotion.