Project description:Centrosome defects are a common feature of many cancers. Surprisingly, flies can proceed through the majority of development without centrosomes or with amplified centrosomes in most of their cells. It is unclear whether this is because centrosome defects do not cause many problems in Drosophila cells, or because they can adapt to cope with any problems that arise. Indeed, centrosome loss and centrosome amplification predispose fly brain cells to form tumours. Here we assess how centrosome loss or centrosome amplification perturbs cell physiology by profiling the global transcriptome of Drosophila larval brains and imaginal discs that either lack centrosomes or have too many centrosomes. Mitotic tissues (brains and imaginal discs) were dissected from 3rd instar Drosophila larvae of mutants lacking centrosomes (DSas-4 and DSas-6), a strain with too many centrosomes (SakOE) and two different wild type strains (w67 and OregonR). We extracted RNA from three biological replicates per strain and used it for hybridisation to Affymetrix Drosophila Genome 2.0 arrays. Per biological sample, material dissected from ten larvae was pooled. Gene expression of the mutant strains was compared to both wild type controls.
Project description:The innate immune response of insects relies on several humoral and cellular mechanisms that require the activation of circulating proteases in the hemolymph to be functional. Here, we analyzed the gelatinase and caseinase activities of Drosophila larval hemolymph under normal and pathogenic conditions (bacterial lipopolysaccharides or endoparasitoid Leptopilina boulardi) using in gel zymography. Gelatinase activity was more intense than caseinase activity and qualitative and quantitative variations were observed between D. melanogaster strains and Drosophila species. Mass spectrometry identified a large number of serine proteases in gel bands equivalent to the major gelatinase and caseinase bands and of these, the most abundant and redundant were Tequila and members of the Jonah and Trypsin protease families. However, hemolymph from Tequila null mutant larvae showed no obvious changes in zymographic bands. Nor did we observe any significant changes in hemolymph gelatinases activity 24 h after injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharides or after oviposition by endoparasitoid wasps. These data confirmed that many serine proteases are present in Drosophila larval hemolymph but those with gelatinase and caseinase activity may not change drastically during the immune response.