Project description:Natural killer (NKT) T cells exhibit tissue distribution, surface phenotype, and functional responses that are strikingly different from those of conventional T cells. The transcription factor PLZF is responsible for most of these properties, as its ectopic expression in conventional T cells is sufficient to confer to them an NKT-like phenotype. The molecular program downstream of PLZF, however, is largely unexplored. Here we report that PLZF regulates the expression of a surprisingly small set of genes, many with known immune functions. This includes several established components of the NKT cell developmental program. Transcriptional program downstream of PLZF in gammadelta NKT cells was analyzed by comparing wt, heterozygous and PLZF-deficient gammadelta NKT cells
Project description:Long-term maintenance of spermatogenesis in mammals is supported by GDNF, an essential growth factor required for spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) self-renewal. Exploiting a transgenic GDNF overexpression model, which expands and normalizes the pool of undifferentiated spermatogonia between Plzf +/+ and Plzf lu/lu mice, we used RNAseq to identify a rare subpopulation of cells that express EOMES, a T-box transcription factor. Lineage tracing, conditional ablation, and busulfan challenge show that these are long-term SSCs that contribute to steady state spermatogenesis as well as regeneration following chemical injury. EOMES+ SSCs have a lower proliferation index than EOMES− GFRA1+ spermatogonia in wild-type but not in Plzf lu/lu mice. This comparison demonstrates that PLZF regulates their proliferative activity and suggests that EOMES+ SSCs are lost through proliferative exhaustion in Plzf lu/lu mice. Single cell RNA sequencing of EOMES+ cells from Plzf +/+ and Plzf lu/lu mice support a hierarchical model of a slow-cycling long-term SSC population supporting more rapid-cycling short-term SSCs.
Project description:The transcription factor PLZF (promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger) is encoded by the BTB domain-containing 16 (Zbtb16) gene. Its repressor function regulates specific transcriptional programs. During the development of invariant natural killer T (NKT) cells, PLZF is expressed and directs their effector program but the detailed mechanisms underlying PLZF regulation of multi-stage NKT cell developmental program are not well understood. This study investigated the role of acetylation-induced PLZF activation on NKT cell development by analyzing mice expressing a mutant form of PLZF mimicking constitutive acetylation (PLZFON mice). NKT populations in PLZFON mice were reduced in proportion and numbers of cells, and the cells present were blocked at the transition from developmental stage 1 to stage 2. NKT cell subset differentiation was also altered, with T-bet+ NKT1 and RORt+ NKT17 subsets dramatically reduced, and the emergence of a T-bet-RORt- NKT cell subset with features of cells in early developmental stages rather than mature NKT2 cells. Preliminary analysis of DNA methylation patterns suggested that activated PLZF acts on the DNA methylation signature to regulate NKT cells’ entry into the early stages of development, while repressing maturation. In wild-type NKT cells, deacetylation of PLZF is possible, allowing subsequent NKT cell differentiation. Interestingly, development of other innate lymphoid and myeloid cells, that are dependent on PLZF for their generation, is not altered in PLZFON mice highlighting lineage specific regulation. Overall, we propose that specific epigenetic control of PLZF through acetylation levels is required to regulate normal NKT cell differentiation. Key points: Constitutive acetylation of PLZF (PLZFON) blocks NKT cell development. PLZFON might act on the DNA methylation signature to control gene expression. PLZF acetylation levels regulate normal NKT cell differentiation.
Project description:The transcription factor PLZF (promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger) is encoded by the BTB 42 domain-containing 16 (Zbtb16) gene. Its repressor function regulates specific transcriptional 43 programs. During the development of invariant natural killer T (NKT) cells, PLZF is 44 expressed and directs their effector program but the detailed mechanisms underlying PLZF 45 regulation of multi-stage NKT cell developmental program are not well understood. This 46 study investigated the role of acetylation-induced PLZF activation on NKT cell development 47 by analyzing mice expressing a mutant form of PLZF mimicking constitutive acetylation (PLZFON mice). NKT populations in PLZFON 48 mice were reduced in proportion and numbers 49 of cells, and the cells present were blocked at the transition from developmental stage 1 to stage 2. NKT cell subset differentiation was also altered, with T-bet+ NKT1 and RORJt + 50 NKT17 subsets dramatically reduced, and the emergence of a T-bet - RORJt - 51 NKT cell subset 52 with features of cells in early developmental stages rather than mature NKT2 cells. Analysis 53 of DNA methylation patterns indicated that activated PLZF establishes a unique DNA 54 methylation signature to regulate NKT cells’ entry into the early stages of development, while 55 repressing maturation. In wild-type NKT cells, deacetylation of PLZF alleviates this 56 repression and allows subsequent NKT cell differentiation. Interestingly, development of 57 other innate lymphoid and myeloid cells, that are dependent on PLZF for their generation, is not altered in PLZFON 58 mice highlighting lineage specific regulation. Overall, we propose that 59 specific epigenetic control of PLZF through acetylation levels is required to regulate normal 60 NKT cell differentiation.
Project description:Natural killer (NKT) T cells exhibit tissue distribution, surface phenotype, and functional responses that are strikingly different from those of conventional T cells. The transcription factor PLZF is responsible for most of these properties, as its ectopic expression in conventional T cells is sufficient to confer to them an NKT-like phenotype. The molecular program downstream of PLZF, however, is largely unexplored. Here we report that PLZF regulates the expression of a surprisingly small set of genes, many with known immune functions. This includes several established components of the NKT cell developmental program.
Project description:To identify genes that require PLZF for their regulation in NKT cells, we compared the developmental stages of thymic NKT cells from wildtype and PLZF-deficient mice The transcription factor PLZF is induced during the development of innate and innate-like lymphocytes to direct their acquisition of a T helper effector program, but the molecular mechanisms involved are poorly understood. Using biotinylation-based ChIP-seq and microarray analysis of both NKT and PLZF-transgenic thymocytes, we identified several layers of regulation of the innate-like NKT effector program: first, PLZF bound and regulated genes encoding cytokine receptors as well as homing and adhesion receptors; second, PLZF bound and activated T helper-specific transcription factor genes that in turn control T helper specific programs; finally, PLZF bound and suppressed the transcription of Bach2, a potent general repressor of effector differentiation in naive T cells. These findings reveal the architecture of the transcriptional program recruited by PLZF and elucidate how a single transcription factor can drive the developmental acquisition of a broad effector program.
Project description:To uncover gene programs that are regulated by PLZF in the early hematopoietic compartment, we performed micro array-based gene expression analysis of wild-type (WT) or PLZF-mutant (Zbtb16lu/lu) KSLs. DNA-microarrays were used to define and compare the transcriptional profiles of KSL cells isolated from Zbtb16lu/lu mice and WT mice (n=4).
Project description:Using biotinylation-based ChIP-seq and microarray analysis of both NKT and PLZF-transgenic thymocytes, we identified several layers of regulation of the innate-like NKT effector program. The transcription factor PLZF is induced during the development of innate and innate-like lymphocytes to direct their acquisition of a T helper effector program, but the molecular mechanisms involved are poorly understood. Using biotinylation-based ChIP-seq and microarray analysis of both NKT and PLZF-transgenic thymocytes, we identified several layers of regulation of the innate-like NKT effector program: first, PLZF bound and regulated genes encoding cytokine receptors as well as homing and adhesion receptors; second, PLZF bound and activated T helper-specific transcription factor genes that in turn control T helper specific programs; finally, PLZF bound and suppressed the transcription of Bach2, a potent general repressor of effector differentiation in naive T cells. These findings reveal the architecture of the transcriptional program recruited by PLZF and elucidate how a single transcription factor can drive the developmental acquisition of a broad effector program.
Project description:Using biotinylation-based ChIP-seq and microarray analysis of both NKT and PLZF-transgenic thymocytes, we identified several layers of regulation of the innate-like NKT effector program. The transcription factor PLZF is induced during the development of innate and innate-like lymphocytes to direct their acquisition of a T helper effector program, but the molecular mechanisms involved are poorly understood. Using biotinylation-based ChIP-seq and microarray analysis of both NKT and PLZF-transgenic thymocytes, we identified several layers of regulation of the innate-like NKT effector program: first, PLZF bound and regulated genes encoding cytokine receptors as well as homing and adhesion receptors; second, PLZF bound and activated T helper-specific transcription factor genes that in turn control T helper specific programs; finally, PLZF bound and suppressed the transcription of Bach2, a potent general repressor of effector differentiation in naive T cells. These findings reveal the architecture of the transcriptional program recruited by PLZF and elucidate how a single transcription factor can drive the developmental acquisition of a broad effector program.
Project description:We collected whole genome testis expression data from hybrid zone mice. We integrated GWAS mapping of testis expression traits and low testis weight to gain insight into the genetic basis of hybrid male sterility.