Project description:48 apple trees from a segregating F1 population from a cross of 'Ottawa 3' x 'Robusta 5' were analyzed by microarray to identify gene expression differences between the individuals to correlate gene expression patterns with phenotypic traits segregating in the population
Project description:48 apple trees from a segregating F1 population from a cross of 'Ottawa 3' x 'Robusta 5' were analyzed by microarray to identify gene expression differences between the individuals to correlate gene expression patterns with phenotypic traits segregating in the population 48 individual apple trees were assayed once each using RNA isolated from a single shoot tip from each tree. There were no biological or technical replicates in the experiment. There was no control sample, since all 48 were compared to each other.
Project description:Effect of the presence of fruits on the expression of genes possibly involved in floral induction in the terminal meristem of spur bourse shoot. Investigation on mecanisms involved in Biennial Bearing in mature apple trees cultivar Royal Gala. Two-condition experiment : 'ON' trees (unthinned control) & 'OFF' trees (deflowered) for comparison. Three comparisons at sampling dates : 28, 48 and 119 days after full bloom (DAFB). Two dye switch biological replicates for each treatment and sampling date.
Project description:Effect of the presence of fruits on the expression of genes possibly involved in floral induction in the terminal meristem of spur bourse shoot. Investigation on mecanisms involved in Biennial Bearing in mature apple trees cultivar Royal Gala.
Project description:Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis between long-term in vitro shoot culture and acclimatized apple plants DNA methylation is a process of epigenetic modification that can alter the functionality of a genome. Using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing, this study quantify the level of DNA methylation in the epigenomes of two diploid apple (Malus x domestica) scion cultivars ('McIntosh' and 'Húsvéti rozmaring') derived from three environmental conditions: in vivo mother plants in an orchard, in vitro culture, and acclimatized in vitro plants. The global DNA methylation levels were not dependent on the source of plant material. Significant differences in DNA methylation were identified in 586 out of 45,116 genes, including promoter and coding sequences, and classified as differentially methylated genes (DMGs). Differential methylation was visualised by an MA plot and functional genomic maps were established for biological processes, molecular functions and cellular components. Considering the DMGs, in vitro tissue culture resulted in the highest level of methylation, which decreased after acclimatization and tended to be similar to that in the mother tree. Methylation patterns of the two scions differed, indicating cultivar-specific epigenetic regulation of gene expression during adaptation to various environments. After selecting genes that displayed differences larger than ±10% in CpG and CHG contexts, or larger than ±1.35% in the CHH context from among the DMGs, they were annotated in Blast2GO v5.1.12 for Gene Ontology. These DNA methylation results suggest that epigenetic changes may contribute to the adaptation of apple to environmental changes by modifying gene expression.
Project description:Apple pedicel vascular development array Twelvet apple samples. Biological replicates: 2 for each sample, independently grown and harvested.
Project description:Apple is typically stored under low temperature and controlled atmospheric conditions to ensure a year round supply of high quality fruit for the consumer. During storage, losses in quality and quantity occur due to spoilage by postharvest pathogens. One important postharvest pathogen of apple is Botrytis cinerea. The fungus is a broad host necrotroph with a large arsenal of infection strategies able to infect over 1,400 different plant species. We studied the apple-B. cinerea interaction to get a better understanding of the defense response in apple. We conducted an RNAseq experiment in which the transcriptome of inoculated and non-inoculated (control and mock) apples was analyzed at 0, 1, 12 and 28 h post inoculation. Our results show extensive reprogramming of the apple's transcriptome with about 28.9 % of expressed genes exhibiting significant differential regulation in the inoculated samples. We demonstrate the transcriptional activation of pathogen-triggered immunity and a reprogramming of the fruit’s metabolism. We demonstrate a clear transcriptional activation of secondary metabolism and a correlation between the early transcriptional activation of the mevalonate pathway and reduced susceptibility, expressed as a reduction in resulting lesion diameters. This pathway produces the building blocks for terpenoids, a large class of compounds with diverging functions including defense. 1-MCP and hot water dip treatment are used to further evidence the key role of terpenoids in the defense and demonstrate that ethylene modulates this response.