Nasonia giraulti
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA20285 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other | ||||
| SRR023565.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR023566.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR023567.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR023568.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Genome sequencing of the parasitoid wasp Nasonia giraulti
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Project description:Parasitoid wasps inject venom to regulate the immune response and development of host arthropods and sometime paralyze host arthropods. Hereby, proteomic method was used to identify putative venom proteins from Theocolax elegans, ectoparasitoids of storage insect pests.
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Project description:Parasitoid wasps of the species Diachasmimorpha longicaudata are associated with a heritable poxvirus, known as DlEPV, that is stored in the venom gland of adult female wasps and transferred to tephritid fly hosts of the wasps during oviposition. We conducted a RNA-seq differential expression analysis to gain insight on how DlEPV can replicate in both wasps and their fly hosts but only cause pathogenic effects during replication in flies. Our analysis revealed that 91.2% (176 of 193) of DlEPV genes showed significant differential expression during peak virus replication in wasp venom glands compared to parasitized flies. Over 80% of DlEPV replication genes were significantly upregulated in wasps, while 79% of DlEPV putative virulence genes were significantly upregulated in fly hosts. These data therefore support a dichotomy of viral function, where virus replication is promoted in wasp tissue and virulence in host tissue. Such a division of viral activity could represent an important adaptation to maintain a stable symbiosis between this virus and its associated parasitoid.
2020-11-03 | GSE122240 | GEO
Project description:Many insects rely on cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) as major recognition signals between individuals. Previous research on the genetics of CHCs has focused on Drosophila in which the roles of three desaturases and one elongase were highlighted. Comparable studies in other insect taxa have not been conducted so far. Here, we explore the genetics of CHCs in hybrids of the jewel wasps Nasonia giraulti and Nasonia vitripennis. We analyzed the CHC profiles of pure strain and of F(2) hybrid males using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and distinguished 54 peaks, of which we identified 52 as straight-chain, monounsaturated, or methyl-branched CHCs. The latter compound class proved to be particularly abundant and diverse in Nasonia. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis suggests fixed genetic differences between the two strains in 42 of the 54 studied traits, making Nasonia a promising genetic model for identifying genes involved in CHC biosynthesis. QTL for methyl-branched CHCs partly clustered in genomic regions with high recombination rate: a possible indication for pleiotropic genes that control their biosynthesis, which is largely unexplored so far. Finally, we identified and mapped genes in the Nasonia genome with high similarity to genes that have been implicated in alkene biosynthesis in Drosophila and discuss those that match in their position with predicted QTL for alkenes.
| S-EPMC3186122 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Parasitoid wasps are one of the most species-rich groups of animals on Earth, due to their ability to successfully develop as parasites of nearly all types of insects. Unlike most known parasitoid wasps that specialize within one or a few host species, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata is a generalist that can survive within multiple genera of tephritid fruit fly hosts, including many globally important pest species. D. longicaudata has therefore been widely released to suppress pest populations as part of biological control efforts in tropical and subtropical agricultural systems. In this study, we investigated the role of a mutualistic poxvirus in shaping the host range of D. longicaudata across three genera of agricultural pest species: two of which are permissive hosts for D. longicaudata parasitism and one that is a nonpermissive host. We found that permissive hosts Ceratitis capitata and Bactrocera dorsalis were highly susceptible to virus infection, displaying rapid virus replication and abundant fly mortality. However, the nonpermissive host Zeugodacus cucurbitae largely overcame virus infection, exhibiting substantially lower mortality and no virus replication. Further investigation of transcriptional dynamics during virus infection demonstrated hindered viral gene expression and limited changes in fly gene expression within the nonpermissive host compared to the permissive species, indicating that the host range of the viral symbiont may dictate the host range of D. longicaudata wasps. These findings also reveal that viral symbiont activity may be a major contributor to the success of D. longicaudata as a generalist parasitoid species and a globally successful biological control agent.
2024-03-24 | GSE228918 | GEO
Project description:High temperature events can disrupt species interactions, including those among hosts, symbionts, and natural enemies. Understanding the genetic and physiological processes underlying these disruptions is a critical scientific challenge in this era of anthropogenic climate change. We explore how high temperatures disrupt the interactions among an herbivorous insect host, Manduca sexta, its insect parasitoid, Cotesia congregata, and the parasitoid’s symbiotic virus. In this system, high temperatures kill developing parasitoids, but not hosts. We evaluated the physiological and transcriptomic causes of thermal mismatch in ecological interactions using parasitoid egg in vitro experiments, immunological assays, and RNAseq. We found that high temperatures disrupt the capacity of the parasitoid’s symbiotic virus to immunosuppress the host insect, resulting in thermal mismatch and death of the parasitoid. At the transcriptomic level, key viral genes involved in suppressing host immune pathways showed reduced expression, driven by the virus’s circular genomic structure. This work is among the first to demonstrate the genetic and physiological mechanisms by which a symbiont limits the ecological functioning of host-parasite dynamics, and provides a framework for understanding how molecular processes give rise to ecological outcomes in response to high temperature events caused by climate change.
2024-08-04 | GSE273477 | GEO
Project description:Parasitoid wasps inject venom containing complex bioactive compounds to regulate the immune response and development of host arthropods and sometime paralyze host arthropods. Although extensive studies have been conducted on the identification of venom proteins in larval parasitoids, relatively few studies have examined the pupal parasitoids. Hereby, proteomic method was used to identify putative venom proteins from P. vindemmiae, an ectoparasitoid of Drosophila.
2019-09-27 | PXD015627 |
Project description:The extraordinary range in the degree of sexual dimorphism (SD) among animal species is widely perceived to be caused in part by differences in patterns of sexual selection, but sex-specific adaptations and sex chromosome differences also play a role. Studies in insects have discovered a substantial number of sex-biased genes, but little is known about the epigenetic basis of SD. The degree and genome-wide distribution of sex-biased expression become interesting questions in hymenoptera species with haplodiploid sex-determination. To study the genetic and epigenetic architecture of SD and understand the conservation and evolution of sex-biased expression in a haplodiploid system that lacks sex chromosomes, we performed RNA-seq and whole-genome bisulfite sequencing in female and male adult samples of two parasitoid wasp species, Nasonia vitripennis and Nasonia giraulti. More than 75% of the expressed genes displayed significantly sex-biased expression. Both the number and the degree of sex-biased genes are higher than insects like Drosophila melanogaster, which have sex-chromosome mediated sex determination. Females from the two Nasonia species have far more similar expression profiles than does the contrast between the two sexes within either species. Interestingly, the extremely male- and female-biased genes are enriched for totally different functional categories: male-biased genes are highly enriched for key enzymes in sex-pheromone synthesis; female-biased genes are enriched for nuclear-located genes that are responsible for epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Unlike gene expression profiles, DNA methylomes are more similar within species, and no stable differentially methylated genes have been found between the two sexes, suggesting that DNA methylation is not directly responsible for the molecular basis of SD. However, methylation status does influence sex-biased expression: 80% of female-biased genes are methylated, which is more than two-fold higher than the genome average (30%); almost all male-biased and sex-specific genes are non-methylated, which is consistent with the fact that methylated genes have house-keeping functions and a broader expression breadth. Evolutionarily, male-biased genes have greater sequence divergence between the two species, and they are more likely to have a functional paralog in the Nasonia genome. Sex-specific genes have significantly higher non-synonymous substitution rates and dN/dS ratios. In addition, local clusters of sex-biased genes in the genome may have epigenetic properties similar to the sex chromosome. In summary, Nasonia accomplish a striking degree of sex-differential expression through a difference in ploidy along with associated differences in methylations status.
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