A low meal frequency improves 24h metabolic and gene expression profiles in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance
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PROVIDER: PRJNA226232 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Meal frequency regulates postprandial glucose and insulin responses, which may affect substrate partitioning and thus weight control. This study investigated the effects of meal frequency on the metabolic and transcriptomic profiles in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Eleven IGT (2h glucose; 9.0±0.3mmol/L) men stayed 2x 36 hours in a respiration chamber to measure substrate partitioning. All subjects randomly received two isoenergetic diets with a low meal frequency (3x-LFr) or a high meal frequency (14x-HFr) consisting of 15 En% prot, 30 En% fat, and 55 En% carb. Total glucose output (AUC), carbohydrate oxidation and whole body RQ significantly decreased, and FFA levels increased in the LFr diet. The HFr diet resulted in an up-regulation in expression of genes involved in immune function and inflammation after 24h in PBMCs and muscle tissue. Expression of genes involved in PPAR signalling, OXPHOS, and glutathione metabolism were up-regulated in the HFr diet in muscle tissue only. In conclusion, the LFr diet improved the metabolic and transcriptomic profiles, and appetite control compared to the HFr diet. This suggests that a LFr diet might be an effective dietary strategy with anti-inflammatory characteristics to increase metabolic flexibility and body weight control in IGT subjects.
2020-11-01 | GSE52027 | GEO
Project description:Meal frequency regulates postprandial glucose and insulin responses, which may affect substrate partitioning and thus weight control. This study investigated the effects of meal frequency on the metabolic and transcriptomic profiles in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Eleven IGT (2h glucose; 9.0±0.3mmol/L) men stayed 2x 36 hours in a respiration chamber to measure substrate partitioning. All subjects randomly received two isoenergetic diets with a low meal frequency (3x-LFr) or a high meal frequency (14x-HFr) consisting of 15 En% prot, 30 En% fat, and 55 En% carb. Total glucose output (AUC), carbohydrate oxidation and whole body RQ significantly decreased, and FFA levels increased in the LFr diet. The HFr diet resulted in an up-regulation in expression of genes involved in immune function and inflammation after 24h in PBMCs and muscle tissue. Expression of genes involved in PPAR signalling, OXPHOS, and glutathione metabolism were up-regulated in the HFr diet in muscle tissue only. In conclusion, the LFr diet improved the metabolic and transcriptomic profiles, and appetite control compared to the HFr diet. This suggests that a LFr diet might be an effective dietary strategy with anti-inflammatory characteristics to increase metabolic flexibility and body weight control in IGT subjects.
2020-11-01 | GSE52026 | GEO
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2020-11-01 | GSE52028 | GEO
Project description:White bass (Morone chrysops) are a popular sportfish throughout the southern United States, and one parent of the commercially successful hybrid striped bass (M. chrysops x M. saxatilis). Currently, white bass are cultured using diets formulated for other carnivorous fish, such as largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) or hybrid striped bass and contain a significant percentage of marine fish meal. Since there are no studies regarding the utilization of alternative proteins in this species, we evaluated global gene expression of white bass fed diets in which fish meal was partially or totally replaced by various combinations of soybean meal, poultry by-product meal, canola meal, soy protein concentrate, wheat gluten, or a commercial protein blend (Pro-Cision). Significant differential expressed genes and gene ontology of pairwise comparisons between control diet and each test diet are presented and discussed.
2024-02-14 | GSE220235 | GEO
Project description:A low meal frequency improves 24h metabolic and gene expression profiles in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (PBMC)
| PRJNA226235 | ENA
Project description:A low meal frequency improves 24h metabolic and gene expression profiles in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (muscle)
| PRJNA226236 | ENA
Project description:AimsTo evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of sitagliptin in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).MethodsIn a double-blind, parallel-group study, 242 Japanese subjects with IGT, determined by a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at week -1, were randomized (1 : 1 : 1) to placebo (n = 83), sitagliptin 25 mg (n = 82) or 50 mg (n = 77) once daily for 8 weeks. Glycaemic variables were assessed using another OGTT at week 7 and meal tolerance tests (MTTs) at weeks 0 and 8. Primary and secondary endpoints were percent change from baseline in glucose total area under the curve 0-2 h (AUC(0 -2 h)) during the MTT and OGTT, respectively.ResultsLeast squares mean percent change from baseline in glucose AUC(0 -2 h) during the MTT were -2.4, -9.5 and -11.5%, and during the OGTT were -3.7, -21.4 and -20.1% with placebo, sitagliptin 25 mg once daily, and 50 mg once daily, respectively (p < 0.001 for either sitagliptin dose vs placebo in both tests). Sitagliptin treatment enhanced early insulin response during the OGTT and decreased total insulin response, assessed as the total AUC(0 -2 h) during the MTT. Sitagliptin treatment also suppressed glucagon response during the MTT. The incidence of adverse events, including hypoglycaemia, was low and generally similar in all treatment groups.ConclusionsTreatment with sitagliptin significantly reduced glucose excursions during both an MTT and an OGTT; this effect was associated with an increase in early insulin secretion after oral glucose loading as well as a blunted glucagon response during an MTT. Sitagliptin was generally well tolerated in subjects with IGT.
| S-EPMC5034821 | biostudies-literature
Project description:High-frequency head impacts cause chronic synaptic adaptations and long-term cognitive impairment [24h post-HFHI]
| PRJNA695799 | ENA
Project description:The goal was to measure the postprandial effect of an oat bran meal on gene expression in leukocytes from healthy subjects and to investigate the postprandial glucose, insulin and triglyceride responses. Linear mixed models were used for the array data to study the simultaneous dependency on many factors and functional categories of genes whose expression were correlated with oat bran intake were determined.
2010-07-01 | E-MEXP-2261 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Despite the existence of a number of studies investigating the effect of insect meal on the growth performance of broilers, knowledge about the metabolic effects of insect meal in broilers is still scarce. Thus, the present study investigated the effect of partial replacement of soybean meal with Hermetia illucens (HI) larvae meal on the liver transcriptome, the plasma metabolome and the cecal microbiome in broilers. For the study, 72 male one-day-old Cobb 500 broilers were divided into three groups (n = 12) and fed three different diets with either 0% (HI0), 7.5% (HI7.5) or 15% (HI15) defatted HI meal for 35 d. While body weight (BW) gain, feed intake, and feed:gain ratio did not differ between groups, breast muscle weight, carcass yield and apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of 12 amino acids were higher in group HI15 than in group HI0 (P > 0.05). Indicators of α-diversity (Chao1 and Observed) in the cecal digesta were higher in groups HI15 and HI7.5 than in group HI0 (P < 0.05). The abundance of 5 families and 18 genera, all of which belonged to the Firmicutes phylum, in the cecal digesta differed among groups (P < 0.05). Concentrations of butyric acid, valeric acid and isobutyric acid in the cecal digesta were lower in group HI15 than in the other two groups (P > 0.05), whereas those of total and other short-chain fatty acids were not different between groups. Liver transcriptomics revealed a total of 70 and 61 differentially expressed transcripts between groups HI15 vs. HI0 and between groups HI7.5 vs HI0, respectively, (P > 0.05). Targeted metabolomics identified 138 metabolites, most of which were triglyceride species, being different between the three groups (FDR < 0.05). According to this study, dietary inclusion of HI larvae meal has no detrimental impact but increases breast muscle weight and carcass weight in broilers suggesting that HI larvae meal can be recommended as a sustainable alternative protein source for broilers.
2024-02-21 | GSE255945 | GEO