Project description:Indomethacin (an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis) and RU486 (mifepristone, progesterone receptor antagonist) are well known compounds which impair follicle rupture in rats, nevertheless the histopahotlogical figures of these follicle were different in detail due to the difference of the pathway which each compound inhibits. To characterize these unruptured follicles further and to investigate the genes which were altered in each rat treated with indomethacin or mifepristone, gene expression profile in ovarian follicle were analyzed in female sprague-Dawley rats. Peri- or post ovulatory follicles were collected by laser microdissection and extracted RNA was analyzed by genechip after single dosage of mifepristone or indomethacin. Animals were singly administered orally Indomethacin (IM) at 4mg/kg at 16:00 or RU486 (RU) at 100 mg/kg at 10:00 on the proestrus day, and sacrificed by exsanguination under anesthesia at 22:00 on the proestrus day (PeF: peri-ovulatory follicle), and 10:00 on the estrus day (PoF: post-ovulatory follicle). Ovaries were also collected from untreated rats at 22:00 on the proestrus day, and 10:00 on the estrus day as control groups. Three animals were contained per each treatment group at each timing. The ovaries were removed and embedded in OCT (Tissue-Tek, Sakura Finetek, Torrance, CA), frozen in dry-ice-cold isopentan, and stored at -70 C until used. Frozen sections (8 micro meter thick) were mounted on the membrane slides (MMI, Glatteburg, Zurich, Switzerland), and stained with HistogeneTM LCM frozen section staining kit (Arcturus Engineering, Mountain View, CA). Then, 15 follicles in each phase were retrieved by Laser Micro Dissection system (LMD, CellCut Plus, MMI). The collected follicle sections were lysed by the buffer RLT in the collection tube supplied in RNeasy Micro Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany), and total RNA was extracted according to manufacturer's instructions.
Project description:It is well-known that indomethacin (the cyclooxygenase 1 & 2 inhibitor) and RU486 (or mifepristone, the progesterone receptor antagonist) block follicular rupture in rats. To characterize genetic alterations in unruptured follicles, gene expression profiles in ovarian follicle were analyzed in indomethacin- and RU486-treated female Sprague-Dawley rats. Ovaries are collected at 22:00 on the proestrus day and 10:00 on the following estrus day after a single dose of indomethacin and RU486. Histopathologically, changes depicting responses to LH surge were observed in ovaries, uteri and vagina. Total RNA was extracted from pre-ovulatory follicles or unruptured follicles collected by laser microdissection and analyzed by GeneChip. Among genes showing statistically significant changes compared to control groups, following changes were considered relevant to induction of unruptured follicles. In indomethacin-treated rats, Wnt4 was down-regulated, suggesting effect on tissue integrity and steroid genesis. In RU486-treated rats, Adamts1, Adamts9, Edn2, Ednra, Lyve1, Plat, and Pparg were down-regulated. These changes suggest effects on proteolysis for extracellular matrix or surrounding tissue (Adamts1 & 9, and Plat), constriction of smooth muscle surrounding follicles (Edn2, Ednra, and Pparg), follicular fluid (Lyve1), and angiogenesis (Pparg). Down-regulation of angiogenesis related genes (Angpt2, Hmox1, and Vegfa) was observed in both treatment groups. Here, we clarify genetic alterations induced by the inhibition of cyclooxygenase or progesterone receptor.
Project description:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used to establish exhausted-exercise model by motorized rodent treadmill. Yu-Ping-Feng-San at doses of 2.18 g/kg was administrated by gavage before exercise training for 10 consecutive days. Quantitative proteomics was performed for assessing the related mechanism of Yu-Ping-Feng-San.
Project description:A series of two color gene expression profiles obtained using Agilent 44K expression microarrays was used to examine sex-dependent and growth hormone-dependent differences in gene expression in rat liver. This series is comprised of pools of RNA prepared from untreated male and female rat liver, hypophysectomized (‘Hypox’) male and female rat liver, and from livers of Hypox male rats treated with either a single injection of growth hormone and then killed 30, 60, or 90 min later, or from livers of Hypox male rats treated with two growth hormone injections spaced 3 or 4 hr apart and killed 30 min after the second injection. The pools were paired to generate the following 6 direct microarray comparisons: 1) untreated male liver vs. untreated female liver; 2) Hypox male liver vs. untreated male liver; 3) Hypox female liver vs. untreated female liver; 4) Hypox male liver vs. Hypox female liver; 5) Hypox male liver + 1 growth hormone injection vs. Hypox male liver; and 6) Hypox male liver + 2 growth hormone injections vs. Hypox male liver. A comparison of untreated male liver and untreated female liver liver gene expression profiles showed that of the genes that showed significant expression differences in at least one of the 6 data sets, 25% were sex-specific. Moreover, sex specificity was lost for 88% of the male-specific genes and 94% of the female-specific genes following hypophysectomy. 25-31% of the sex-specific genes whose expression is altered by hypophysectomy responded to short-term growth hormone treatment in hypox male liver. 18-19% of the sex-specific genes whose expression decreased following hypophysectomy were up-regulated after either one or two growth hormone injections. Finally, growth hormone suppressed 24-36% of the sex-specific genes whose expression was up-regulated following hypophysectomy, indicating that growth hormone acts via both positive and negative regulatory mechanisms to establish and maintain the sex specificity of liver gene expression. For full details, see V. Wauthier and D.J. Waxman, Molecular Endocrinology (2008)