Project description:Solventogenic Clostridium species ferment carbohydrates to acetone, butanol and ethanol which are well-known next-generation biofuels. However, repeated subculture of or continuous fermentation by Clostridium often decreases and eventually terminates the solvent production and spore formation, which is a process called strain degeneration. Supplementation of CaCO3 to fermentation medium could partially recover metabolism of degenerated strain by more than 50% increase of cell growth and solvent production. The transcriptome profile of Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 (DG-8052) and its response to CaCO3 treatment were analysed by microarray. Since fermentation by C. beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 is a biphasic process, gene expressions of two fermentations were compared at each stage, i.e. 12h and 24h fermentation time representing acidogenic phase and solventogenic phase, respectively. This study examined expression of 5168 genes capturing 98.6% of the C. beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 genome. With the addition of CaCO3, DG-8052 had 565 and 916 genes significantly up-regulated at acidogenic phase and solventogenic phase, respectively. According to the enrichment analysis of pathway and Gene Ontology terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, these genes were significantly overrepresented in cellular functions such as Amino acid transport and metabolism, organic acid biosynthetic process, bacteria chemotaxis and defense mechanisms. On the other hand, there were 704 and 1044 genes significantly down-regulated at acidogenic phase and solventogenic phase, respectively. These repressed genes were mainly enriched in functions such as ion transmembrane transport, ATP synthesis, oxidative phosphorylation.
Project description:Purpose: Gut microbiota-derived metabolites play a pivotal role in the maintenance of local gut homeostasis and can even induce systemic effects via accumulation in the bloodstream. Here, we demonstrate that mono-colonization of germ-free (GF) mice with Clostridium sporogenes protects mice from inflamation and death induced by DSS colitis. Method: 8-12-week-old male mice (GF, SPF and GF colonized with C. sporogenes (CS)) were treated with 2.5% DSS in drinking water for 5 days and colon tissue was isolated on day 7. RNA was isolated from the colon tissue and RNA sequenzing was performed. Results: Mono-colonization of GF mice with Clostridium sporogenes protected the mice from DSS colitis induced death, while producing high amounts of indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), branched chain (BCFA) and short-chain (SCFA) fatty acids. In comparison to CS mice, SPF mice showed much higher levels of inflammatory related genes and a worse histological score. Conclusion: Histological stainings and the RNAseq both showed high levels of protection of C. sporogenes colonized mice in colitis, compared to SPF and GF animals. The data provide evidence for a therapeutic potential of C. sporogenes for IBD patients.
Project description:Genomic DNA of 61 strains of proteolytic Clostridium botulinum or Clostridium sporogenes was subjected to analysis by DNA microarray.