Project description:Conditional knockout of the transcription factor Ronin (Thap11) in retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) results in a profound failure cell proliferation resulting in a hypoplastic adult retina that also suffers from photoreceptor degeneration. The goal of this study was to determine the genes that are transcriptionally regulated by Ronin during retinogenesis. P0 wild type retinae (CD-1 background) were pooled (>10 each) in ice-cold 1X PBS and immediately processed for chromatin extraction, fragmentation and immunoprecipitation using custom antibodies against Ronin G4275 (Dejosez et al., 2010), G4275 preimmune serum or normal rabbit IgG (Santa Cruz, sc-2027). The immunoprecipitated DNA fragments were then sequenced using the Ion Torrent PGM system.
Project description:Conditional knockout of the transcription factor Ronin (Thap11) in retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) results in a profound failure cell proliferation resulting in a hypoplastic adult retina that also suffers from photoreceptor degeneration. The goal of this study was to determine which genes are deregulated in response to loss of Ronin transcription factor activity in the developing retina. We generated Ronin flox/flox (Control) and Chx10-Cre::GFP+/tg; Ronin flox/flox (CKO) mice, in which Ronin loss occurs specifically within RPCs, and performed RNA-Seq analysis of embryonic day E14.5 (E14.5) retinae. Three independent pools of control and Ronin CKO retinae were collected consisting of a minimum of 10 retinae per pool and total RNA was extracted followed by polyA selection, fractionation (200-500 nucleotide range) and generation of cDNA. The resulting DNA was then used for standard Illumina adaptor ligation and sequencing. This experiment revealed decreased expression of a large group of mitochondrial genes including components of the electron transport chain (ETC), which have been recently implicated as direct regulators of the cell cycle.
Project description:Genome wide expression profiling to determine the overlap of Affymetrix-signals with SOLID sequencing RNA was extracted using the Qiagen RNeasy kit following the manufacturers guidelines, arrays were prepared and hybridized following the Affymetrix protocol.
Project description:Ronin (THAP11), an idiosyncratic DNA-binding protein that evolved from a primordial DNA transposon by molecular domestication, recognizes a hyperconserved promoter sequence through which it controls a variety of developmentally and metabolically essential genes in pluripotent stem cells. However, it remains unclear whether Ronin or related THAP proteins perform similar functions elsewhere in development. Here, we present evidence indicating that Ronin performs a novel function within the nascent heart as it arises from the mesoderm and forms a four-chambered organ. We show that Ronin is vital for cardiogenesis during midgestation through its control of a core set of critical genes. The activity of Ronin coincided with the recruitment of its cofactor, Hcf-1, and the elevation of H3K4me3 levels at specific target genes, suggesting the involvement of an epigenetic mechanism. On the strength of these findings, we propose that Ronin activity during cardiogenesis may offer a template that could be used to understand how important gene programs are sustained across different cell types within a developing organ, such as the heart.
Project description:Analysis of transcriptional regulation in human cells has implicated a large number of promoter-specific DNA-binding proteins that regulate transcription via diverse mechanisms. In some cases, these DNA-sequence-specific factors associate with intermediaries that orchestrate interactions with the chromatin-modifying enzymes. One such intermediary is HCF-1 (host-cell factor-1; HCFC1). HCF-1, first identified for its involvement in herpes-simplex virus transcription and subsequently shown to be an important cell-cycle regulator, has a poorly defined role in genome-wide transcriptional regulation. We show here, by chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput sequence analysis (ChIP-seq), that HCF-1 is a major transcriptional start site associated factor, whose promoter association correlates positively with transcriptional activity. Thus, in HeLa cells HCF-1 is observed on 5400 generally active CpG-island promoters. Examination of the DNA sequences underlying the HCF-1-binding sites revealed three sequence motifs associated with the binding of (i) ZNF143 and Ronin/THAP11, (ii) GABP, and (iii) YY1 sequence-specific transcription factors. Subsequent ChIP-seq analysis of these four transcription factors revealed a large co-association of HCF-1 with these four transcription factors at approximately 90% of HCF-1-bound promoters. These studies suggest that a relatively small number of transcription factors -- some (ZNF143 and Ronin/THAP11) in novel combinations -- play a major role in HeLa-cell transcriptional regulation in association with HCF-1. This experiment includes the sequencing data of material obtained from chromatin immunoprecipitation using antibodies against HCFC1(antibodies against the C-subunit and the N-subunit), PolII(antibody against the RPB2 subunit), H3K36ME3 and H3K4Me3 histone modifications, ZNF143, THAP11, GABPalpha and YY1. It also includes control data of the Input material. All of them were done using HeLa cycling cells.
Project description:In mammals, retinal damage is followed by Müller glia cell activation and proliferation. While retinal gliosis persists in adult mammals after an insult or disease, some vertebrates, including zebrafish, have the capacity to regenerate. We believe we are the first group to show that gliosis is a fibrotic-like process in mammals’ eyes caused by differential activation of canonical and non-canonical TGFβ signaling pathways.
Project description:Introgressed variants from other species can be an important source of genetic variation because they may arise rapidly, can include multiple mutations on a single haplotype, and have often been pretested by selection in the species of origin. Although introgressed alleles are generally deleterious, several studies have reported introgression as the source of adaptive alleles-including the rodenticide-resistant variant of Vkorc1 that introgressed from Mus spretus into European populations of Mus musculus domesticus. Here, we conducted bidirectional genome scans to characterize introgressed regions into one wild population of M. spretus from Spain and three wild populations of M. m. domesticus from France, Germany, and Iran. Despite the fact that these species show considerable intrinsic postzygotic reproductive isolation, introgression was observed in all individuals, including in the M. musculus reference genome (GRCm38). Mus spretus individuals had a greater proportion of introgression compared with M. m. domesticus, and within M. m. domesticus, the proportion of introgression decreased with geographic distance from the area of sympatry. Introgression was observed on all autosomes for both species, but not on the X-chromosome in M. m. domesticus, consistent with known X-linked hybrid sterility and inviability genes that have been mapped to the M. spretus X-chromosome. Tract lengths were generally short with a few outliers of up to 2.7 Mb. Interestingly, the longest introgressed tracts were in olfactory receptor regions, and introgressed tracts were significantly enriched for olfactory receptor genes in both species, suggesting that introgression may be a source of functional novelty even between species with high barriers to gene flow.
Project description:We collected whole genome testis expression data from hybrid zone mice. We integrated GWAS mapping of testis expression traits and low testis weight to gain insight into the genetic basis of hybrid male sterility.