Excessive fatty acid oxidation induces muscle atrophy in cancer cachexia
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA318027 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Similar Datasets
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2016-05-01 | GSE80142 | GEO
Project description:Cancer cachexia is a prevalent and often fatal wasting condition that cannot be fully reversed with nutritional interventions. Muscle atrophy is a central component of the syndrome, but the mechanisms whereby cancer leads to skeletal muscle atrophy are not well understood. We performed single nucleus multi-omics on skeletal muscles from a mouse model of cancer cachexia and profiled the molecular changes in cachexic muscle. Our results revealed the activation of a denervation-induced gene program that upregulates the transcription factor myogenin. Further studies showed that a myogenin-myostatin pathway promotes muscle atrophy in response to cancer cachexia. shRNA inhibition of myogenin or inhibition of myostatin through overexpression of its endogenous inhibitor follistatin prevented cancer cachexia-induced muscle atrophy in mice. Our findings uncover a molecular basis of cancer cachexia-induced muscle atrophy and highlight potential therapeutic targets for this disorder.
2024-07-12 | GSE272085 | GEO
Project description:Cancer cachexia is a prevalent and often fatal wasting condition that cannot be fully reversed with nutritional interventions. Muscle atrophy is a central component of the syndrome, but the mechanisms whereby cancer leads to skeletal muscle atrophy are not well understood. We performed single nucleus multi-omics on skeletal muscles from a mouse model of cancer cachexia and profiled the molecular changes in cachexic muscle. Our results revealed the activation of a denervation-induced gene program that upregulates the transcription factor myogenin. Further studies showed that a myogenin-myostatin pathway promotes muscle atrophy in response to cancer cachexia. shRNA inhibition of myogenin or inhibition of myostatin through overexpression of its endogenous inhibitor follistatin prevented cancer cachexia-induced muscle atrophy in mice. Our findings uncover a molecular basis of cancer cachexia-induced muscle atrophy and highlight potential therapeutic targets for this disorder.
2024-07-12 | GSE272084 | GEO
Project description:Cancer cachexia is a prevalent and often fatal wasting condition that cannot be fully reversed with nutritional interventions. Muscle atrophy is a central component of the syndrome, but the mechanisms whereby cancer leads to skeletal muscle atrophy are not well understood. We performed single nucleus multi-omics on skeletal muscles from a mouse model of cancer cachexia and profiled the molecular changes in cachexic muscle. Our results revealed the activation of a denervation-induced gene program that upregulates the transcription factor myogenin. Further studies showed that a myogenin-myostatin pathway promotes muscle atrophy in response to cancer cachexia. shRNA inhibition of myogenin or inhibition of myostatin through overexpression of its endogenous inhibitor follistatin prevented cancer cachexia-induced muscle atrophy in mice. Our findings uncover a molecular basis of cancer cachexia-induced muscle atrophy and highlight potential therapeutic targets for this disorder.
2024-07-12 | GSE272083 | GEO
Project description:The essential amino acid methionine plays a pivotal role in one-carbon metabolism, facilitating the production of S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), a critical supplier for DNA methylation. Here we find the disruption of methionine metabolism by rapid SAMe depletion in skeletal muscle in cancer cachexia, leading to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the overexpression of regulated in development and DNA damage responses (REDD1). Targeting the DNA methylation process via DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and REDD1 knockout can alleviate cancer cachexia-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. Methionine supplementation maintains the DNA methylation of DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 (Ddit4) by DNMT3A, thereby inhibiting activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4)-mediated Ddit4 transcription. Our study suggests that methionine or SAMe supplementation can effectively reverse muscle atrophy in cancer cachexia, providing valuable mechanistic insights and a promising therapeutic strategy for clinical application.
2024-10-11 | GSE275001 | GEO
Project description:Cachexia is an exacerbating event in many types of cancer that is strongly associated with a poor prognosis. We have identified cytokine, signaling and transcription factors that are required for cachexia in the mouse C26 colon carcinoma model of cancer. C2C12 myotubes treated with conditioned medium from C26 cancer cells induced atrophy and activated a STAT-dependent reporter gene but not reporter genes dependent on SMAD, FOXO, C/EBP, NF-ĸB, or AP-1. Of the gp130 family members IL-11, IL-6, oncostatin M (OSM), and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), only OSM and LIF were sufficient to activate the STAT reporter in myotubes. A LIF blocking antibody abolished C26 CM-induced STAT reporter activation STAT3 phosphorylation and myotube atrophy, but blocking antibodies to IL-6 or OSM did not. JAK2 inhibitors also blocked the C26 CM-induced STAT reporter activation, STAT3 phosphorylation, and atrophy in myotubes. LIF at levels found in the C26 CM was sufficient for STAT reporter activation and atrophy in myotubes. In vivo, an increase in serum LIF preceded the increase in IL-6 in mice with C26 tumors. Overexpression of a dominant negative Stat3Cβ-EGFP gene in myotubes and in mouse muscle blocked the atrophy caused by C26 CM or C26 tumors, respectively. Taken together these data support an important role of LIF- JAK2-STAT3 in C26 cachexia and point to a therapeutic approach for at least some types of cancer cachexia. from three replicate wells of cells at each treatment, pools of total RNA were used to create cDNA which were evaluated on Affymetrix mouse gene 1.0 ST v.1 arrays.
2015-06-25 | E-GEOD-68827 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Cachexia is a devastating muscle wasting syndrome that occurs in patients suffering from chronic diseases, most commonly observed in 80% of advanced cancer patients. One of the primary causes of cachexia-associated morbidity and mortality is involuntary muscle wasting. And while many cachexia patients show hypermetabolism, its causative role in muscles had remained unclear. To understand the molecular basis of this muscle wasting, accurate models of cachexia are necessary. Using transcriptomics and cytokine profiling of human muscle stem cell-based models and human cancer-induced cachexia models in mice, we found that cachectic cancer cells secreted many inflammatory factors which rapidly led to higher levels of fatty acid metabolism and the activation of a p38 stress response signature, before the cachectic muscle wasting is manifested. Metabolomics profiling revealed that factors secreted by cachectic cancer cells rapidly induce excessive fatty acid oxidation in human myotubes, leading to oxidative stress, p38 activation, and impaired muscle growth. Pharmacological blockade of fatty acid oxidation not only rescued human myotubes, but also significantly improved muscle mass and total weight in cancer cachexia models in vivo. Therefore, fatty acid-induced oxidative stress could be targeted to prevent cancer cachexia.
2016-05-01 | GSE80080 | GEO
Project description:Cachexia is a devastating muscle wasting syndrome that occurs in patients suffering from chronic diseases, most commonly observed in 80% of advanced cancer patients. One of the primary causes of cachexia-associated morbidity and mortality is involuntary muscle wasting. And while many cachexia patients show hypermetabolism, its causative role in muscles had remained unclear. To understand the molecular basis of this muscle wasting, accurate models of cachexia are necessary. Using transcriptomics and cytokine profiling of human muscle stem cell-based models and human cancer-induced cachexia models in mice, we found that cachectic cancer cells secreted many inflammatory factors which rapidly led to higher levels of fatty acid metabolism and the activation of a p38 stress response signature, before the cachectic muscle wasting is manifested. Metabolomics profiling revealed that factors secreted by cachectic cancer cells rapidly induce excessive fatty acid oxidation in human myotubes, leading to oxidative stress, p38 activation, and impaired muscle growth. Pharmacological blockade of fatty acid oxidation not only rescued human myotubes, but also significantly improved muscle mass and total weight in cancer cachexia models in vivo. Therefore, fatty acid-induced oxidative stress could be targeted to prevent cancer cachexia.
2016-05-01 | GSE80081 | GEO
Project description:Cachexia is an exacerbating event in many types of cancer that is strongly associated with a poor prognosis. We have identified cytokine, signaling and transcription factors that are required for cachexia in the mouse C26 colon carcinoma model of cancer. C2C12 myotubes treated with conditioned medium from C26 cancer cells induced atrophy and activated a STAT-dependent reporter gene but not reporter genes dependent on SMAD, FOXO, C/EBP, NF-ĸB, or AP-1. Of the gp130 family members IL-11, IL-6, oncostatin M (OSM), and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), only OSM and LIF were sufficient to activate the STAT reporter in myotubes. A LIF blocking antibody abolished C26 CM-induced STAT reporter activation STAT3 phosphorylation and myotube atrophy, but blocking antibodies to IL-6 or OSM did not. JAK2 inhibitors also blocked the C26 CM-induced STAT reporter activation, STAT3 phosphorylation, and atrophy in myotubes. LIF at levels found in the C26 CM was sufficient for STAT reporter activation and atrophy in myotubes. In vivo, an increase in serum LIF preceded the increase in IL-6 in mice with C26 tumors. Overexpression of a dominant negative Stat3Cβ-EGFP gene in myotubes and in mouse muscle blocked the atrophy caused by C26 CM or C26 tumors, respectively. Taken together these data support an important role of LIF- JAK2-STAT3 in C26 cachexia and point to a therapeutic approach for at least some types of cancer cachexia.
2015-06-25 | GSE68827 | GEO
Project description:Background: Cancer cachexia (CAC) reduces patient survival and quality of life. Developments of efficient therapeutic strategies are required for the CAC treatments. This long-term process could be shortened by the drug-repositioning approach which exploits old drugs approved for non-cachexia disease. Amiloride, a diuretic drug, is clinically used for treatments of hypertension and edema due to heart failure. Here, we explored the effects of amiloride for ameliorating muscle wasting in murine models of cancer cachexia. Methods: CT26 and LLC tumor cells were subcutaneously injected into mice to induce cancer cachexia. Amiloride was intraperitoneally injected daily once tumors were formed. Cachexia features of the CT26 and LLC models, respectively, were characterized by phenotypic, histopathologic and biochemical analyses. Plasma exosomes and muscle atrophy-related proteins were quantitatively analyzed. Integrative NMR-based metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses were conducted to identify significantly altered metabolic pathways and distinctly changed metabolism-related biological processes in gastrocnemius. Results: The CT26 and LLC models displayed prominent cachexia features including decreases in body weight, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and muscle strength. The amiloride treatment in tumor-bearing mice distinctly alleviated muscle atrophy and relieved cachexia-related features without affecting tumor growth. The CT26 and LLC cachexia mice showed increased particle density of plasma exosomes which were largely derived from tumors. Significantly, the amiloride treatment inhibited tumor-derived exosome release, which did not obviously affect exosome secretion from non-neoplastic tissues or induce observable systemic toxicities in normal healthy mice. Integrative-omics revealed significant metabolic impairments in cachectic gastrocnemius, including promoted muscular catabolism, inhibited muscular protein synthesis, blocked glycolysis and impeded ketone body oxidation. The amiloride treatment evidently improved the metabolic impairments in cachectic gastrocnemius. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated the efficacy of amiloride in ameliorating cachectic muscle wasting and elucidated the underlying mechanistic rationale for its use as an alternative strategy to improve CAC treatments.
2021-07-14 | GSE173250 | GEO