Project description:We explore the genome-wide occupancy of 4 different chromatin regulating complexes encoded in S. cerevisiae. We provide the data for histone acetyltransferases Gcn5 and Esa1 and histone deacetylases Hst1 and Rpd3/Sin3 under rich growth condition (YPD medium). We also include the occupancy data for RNA polymerase II under the same growth condition.
Project description:Although the Arabidopsis thaliana RPD3-type histone deacetylases have been known to form SIN3 histone deacetylase complexes that are conserved in eukaryotes, it is unknown whether they also form other types of histone deacetylase complexes. Here, we performed affinity purification followed by mass spectrometry and demonstrated that the Arabidopsis RPD3-type histone deacetylases HDA6 and HDA19 can interact with several previously uncharacterized proteins and form three types of plant-specific histone deacetylase complexes, which we named SANT, ESANT, and ARID. RNA-seq indicated that HDA6 and HDA19 function together with other components of the histone deacetylase complexes and co-regulate the expression of a number of genes. HDA6 and HDA19 have been thought to repress gene transcription by histone deacetylation. We found that the histone deacetylase complexes can also repress gene expression via certain histone-deacetylation-independent mechanisms. In the mutants of the histone deacetylase complexes, the expression of a number of stress-induced genes was up-regulated. Several mutants of the histone deacetylase complexes showed severe retardation in growth. Considering that the growth retardation is thought to be a trade-off for the increase of stress tolerance, we predict that the histone deacetylase complexes identified in this study prevent overexpression of stress-induced genes and thereby ensure normal growth of plants under non-stress conditions.
Project description:Although the Arabidopsis thaliana RPD3-type histone deacetylases have been known to form SIN3 histone deacetylase complexes that are conserved in eukaryotes, it is unknown whether they also form other types of histone deacetylase complexes. Here, we performed affinity purification followed by mass spectrometry and demonstrated that the Arabidopsis RPD3-type histone deacetylases HDA6 and HDA19 can interact with several previously uncharacterized proteins and form three types of plant-specific histone deacetylase complexes, which we named SANT, ESANT, and ARID. RNA-seq indicated that HDA6 and HDA19 function together with other components of the histone deacetylase complexes and co-regulate the expression of a number of genes. HDA6 and HDA19 have been thought to repress gene transcription by histone deacetylation. We found that the histone deacetylase complexes can also repress gene expression via certain histone-deacetylation-independent mechanisms. In the mutants of the histone deacetylase complexes, the expression of a number of stress-induced genes was up-regulated. Several mutants of the histone deacetylase complexes showed severe retardation in growth. Considering that the growth retardation is thought to be a trade-off for the increase of stress tolerance, we predict that the histone deacetylase complexes identified in this study prevent overexpression of stress-induced genes and thereby ensure normal growth of plants under non-stress conditions.
Project description:Lysine acetylation is one of the most prevalent post-translational modifications and has since been found to regulate histone functions and affect chromatin structure and gene expression. Here, we charactered Rpd3, a histone deacetylase of Beauveria bassiana, played important roles in the deacetylation of histone H3 and H4. We unveil the role of Rpd3 in asexual development and show that a ΔRpd3 mutant strain has severe growth defects and is defective in conidiophores and blastospores development. Acetylomic analyses indicated that Rpd3 functions in asexual development and virulence and multiple stress responses via broad genetic pathways in B. bassiana. Therefore, we conclude that BbRpd3 is vital for asexual development, virulence and multiple stress responses in Beauveria bassiana.
Project description:Lysine acetylation is one of the most prevalent post-translational modifications and has since been found to regulate histone functions and affect chromatin structure and gene expression. Here, we charactered Rpd3, a histone deacetylase of Beauveria bassiana, played important roles in the deacetylation of histone H3 and H4. We unveil the role of Rpd3 in asexual development and show that a ΔRpd3 mutant strain has severe growth defects and is defective in conidiophores and blastospores development. Proteomic analyses indicated that Rpd3 functions in asexual development and virulence and multiple stress responses via broad genetic pathways in B. bassiana. Therefore, we conclude that BbRpd3 is vital for asexual development, virulence and multiple stress responses in Beauveria bassiana.
Project description:Previous results suggest that Bmh might inhibit the activity of the transcription factor Adr1 after binding to Adr1-dependent promoters. In a strain lacking the two major histone deacetylases, Hda1 and Rpd3 (hdac?), Adr1 is bound to its target promoters recruiting what appears to be an inactive RNA ploymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC). To determine whether Bmh activity inhibits this inactive PIC and the generality of this effect on glucose-repressed gene expression, the mRNA profiles of wild type, bmh mutant, hdac mutant, and bmh hdac mutant cells grown in high glucose medium were compared. Total RNAs were purified from triplicate cultures of W303-1A (wild type), YLL1087 (bmh1-ts bmh2?), CTY-TY44 (hda1? rpd3?) and KBY3 (bmh1-ts bmh2? hda1? rpd3?) cells exponentially growing in YP broth containing 5% glucose and then profiled using Affymetrix Yeast 2.0 arrays.
Project description:To ensure cell survival and growth during temperature increase, eukaryotic organisms respond with transcriptional activation that results in accumulation of proteins that protect against damage, and facilitate recovery. To define the global cellular adaptation response to heat stress, we performed a systematic genetic screen that yielded 277 yeast genes required for growth at high temperature. Of these, the Rpd3 histone deacetylase complex was enriched. Global gene expression analysis showed that Rpd3 partially regulated gene expression upon heat shock. The Hsf1 and Msn2/4 transcription factors are the main regulators of gene activation in response to heat stress. RPD3-deficient cells had impaired activation of Msn2/4-dependent genes, while activation of genes controlled by Hsf1 was deacetylase independent. Rpd3 bound to heat stress-dependent promoters through the Msn2/4 transcription factors, allowing entry of RNA Pol II and activation of transcription upon stress. Finally, we found that the large, but not the small Rpd3 complex regulated cell adaptation in response to heat stress.
Project description:Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins play important roles in the acclimation of plants to environmental stress. Lysine acetylation is a dynamic and reversible PTM, which can be removed by histone deacetylases. Here we investigated the role of lysine acetylation in the response of Arabidopsis leaves to one week of salt stress. A quantitative mass spectrometry analysis revealed an increase in lysine acetylation of several proteins from cytosol and plastids, which was accompanied by an altered HDAC activity in the salt-treated leaves. While activities of HDA14 and HDA15 were decreased upon salt stress, HDA5 showed a mild and HDA19 a strongly increased activity. Since HDA5 is a cytosolic-nuclear enzyme from the class II histone deacetylase family with yet unknown protein substrates, we performed a lysine acetylome analysis on hda5 mutants and characterized its substrate proteins. Next to histone H2B, the salt stress responsive transcription factor GT2L and the dehydration-related protein ERD7 were identified as HDA5 substrates. In addition, in protein-protein interaction studies HDA18 was discovered, among other interacting proteins, to work in a complex together with HDA5. Altogether this study revealed the substrate proteins of HDA5 and identified new lysine acetylation sites which are hyperacetylated upon salt stress. The identification of the specific histone deacetylase substrate proteins, apart from histones, will be important to unravel the acclimation response of Arabidopsis to salt stress and their role in plant physiology.