ABSTRACT: Reticulon-1 and reduced migration towards chemoattractants by macrophages differentiated from the bone marrow of UV-irradiated and UV-chimeric mice
Project description:The ability of macrophages to respond to chemoattractants and inflammatory signals is important for their migration to sites of inflammation and immune activity and for host responses to infection. Macrophages differentiated from the bone marrow of UV-irradiated mice, even after activation with LPS, migrated inefficiently towards CSF-1 and CCL2. When bone marrow cells were harvested from UV-irradiated mice, and transplanted into naïve mice, the recipient mice (UV-chimeric) had reduced accumulation of elicited macrophages in the peritoneal cavity in response to inflammatory thioglycollate or alum. Macrophages differentiating from the bone marrow of UV-chimeric mice also had an inherent reduced ability to migrate towards chemoattractants in vitro, even after LPS activation. Microarray analysis identified reduced reticulon-1 mRNA in macrophages differentiated from the bone marrow of UV-chimeric mice. By using an anti-reticulon-1 antibody, a role for reticulon-1 in macrophage migration was confirmed. The proposal that reduced reticulon-1 is responsible for the poor inherent ability of macrophages to respond to chemokine gradients was supported by Western blotting. In summary, skin exposure to erythemal UV radiation can modulate macrophage progenitors in the bone marrow such that the properties of their differentiated progeny respond inefficiently to signals to accumulate at sites of inflammation and immunity.
Project description:Following UV irradiation of skin, dendritic cells (DCs) differentiating from the bone marrow (BM) of mice have a reduced ability to prime new immune responses; their reduced immunogenicity is maintained for at least 16 weeks in UV-chimeric mice. We hypothesized that different metabolic states underpin changes in DC function. Compared with DCs from the BM of non-irradiated mice, DCs from the BM of UV-irradiated mice produced more lactate and utilized greater amounts of glucose, a profile that was supported by greater glycolytic flux when incubated in low-serum-containing medium. Responses to a mitochondrial stress test were similar suggesting that the DCs from the BM of UV-irradiated mice had not switched from a profile of oxidative phosphorylation, but were imprinted for greater glycolytic responses. After microarray profiling, RT-qPCR confirmation and Ingenuity pathway analysis, greater expression of the enzyme, 3-hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase, was identified as a potential contributor to increased glycolysis by BM-differentiated DCs. This enzyme provides the final step of the biosynthetic pathway from tryptophan to quinolinate, the universal de novo precursor to the pyridine ring of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), and may provide a mechanism to ensure sufficient NAD is available to support enhanced glycolysis. Increased lactate production was also measured for DCs from the BM of 16-week engrafted UV-chimeric mice and suggests long-lasting imprinting of progenitor cells for altered immunometabolism in their progeny cells. This study provides evidence of changes to metabolic states that associate with altered DC function.
Project description:Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) depends greatly on transendothelial migration of stem cells from bloodstream to bone marrow. Therefore Bone Marrow Endothelial Cells (BMECs) becomes an essential component for successful BMT. Since BMT requires prior radiation therapy therefore it is necessary to study the behaviour of BMEC in irradiated and radiprotective conditions. We have conducted transcriptome profiling of Bone Marrow Endothelial Cells (BMECs) to identify the signalling mechanisms required for transendothelial migration to bone marrow under irradiated and radioprotected conditions.
Project description:Following UV irradiation of skin, dendritic cells (DCs) differentiating from the bone marrow (BM) of mice have a reduced ability to prime new immune responses; their reduced immunogenicity is maintained for at least 16 weeks in UV-chimeric mice. We hypothesized that different metabolic states underpin changes in DC function. Compared with DCs from the BM of non-irradiated mice, DCs from the BM of UV-irradiated mice produced more lactate and utilized greater amounts of glucose, a profile that was supported by greater glycolytic flux when incubated in low-serum-containing medium. Responses to a mitochondrial stress test were similar suggesting that the DCs from the BM of UV-irradiated mice had not switched from a profile of oxidative phosphorylation, but were imprinted for greater glycolytic responses. After microarray profiling, RT-qPCR confirmation and Ingenuity pathway analysis, greater expression of the enzyme, 3-hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase, was identified as a potential contributor to increased glycolysis by BM-differentiated DCs. This enzyme provides the final step of the biosynthetic pathway from tryptophan to quinolinate, the universal de novo precursor to the pyridine ring of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), and may provide a mechanism to ensure sufficient NAD is available to support enhanced glycolysis. Increased lactate production was also measured for DCs from the BM of 16-week engrafted UV-chimeric mice and suggests long-lasting imprinting of progenitor cells for altered immunometabolism in their progeny cells. This study provides evidence of changes to metabolic states that associate with altered DC function. Female C57BL/6J (CD45.2 alloantigen) and B6.SJL-Ptprca (CD45.1 alloantigen) mice were obtained from the Animal Resources Centre (Murdoch, Western Australia). A bank of TL40W/12RS lamps (Philips, Amsterdam, The Netherlands) emitting broadband UVR with 65% UVB (280-320 nm) and peak emission at 313 nm was used. Twenty-four h prior to irradiation, a uniform area of dorsal skin of mice was shaved (8 cm2). To administer UVR, mice were held in perspex compartments which were covered with 0.2 mm polyvinyl chloride plastic to eliminate wavelengths <290 nm. The compartments were placed 20 cm beneath the UV lamps and up to 8 kJ/m2 UVR was delivered. Eight kJ/m2 UVR is equivalent to 3-4 minimal erythemal doses . The UVB output by the lamps was measured using a UVX radiometer (Ultraviolet Products Inc., Upland, CA). Mice were 6-10 wk old at the time of irradiation unless otherwise stated. Mice were subcutaneously implanted with two PGE2 pellets, each containing 0.1 mg with a constant release of 4.76 µg/day over 21 days (total 9.52 µg/day, Innovative Research of America, Sarasota, FL), three days prior to isolation of BM cells. The pellets were inserted into the loose skin at the top of the back. Freshly-isolated BM cells were cultured for 5 days in RPMI-1640 (HyClone, GE Health Care Life Sciences, Logan, UT) supplemented with 10% FCS (RPMI-10), 10 ng/ml GM-CSF and 10 ng/ml IL-4 (Peprotech Inc, Rocky Hill, NJ) at a density of 8 x 105 cells/ml in 24 well plates to promote CD11c+ cell differentiation (medium replaced on days 2 and 4). Non-adherent cells were enriched to >95% CD11c+ cells (confirmed by flow cytometry) using anti-CD11c magnetic microbeads (Miltenyi Biotec, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany) and autoMACS-Pro (Miltenyi Biotec) separation. Total RNA was extracted from triplicate preparations of BM-differentiated CD11c+ cells. Two sample groups; BM-differentiated DC sample from C57BL/6J mice injected with 2 x 10^6 BM cells from a naïve congenic B6.SJL-Ptprca mouse BM-differentiated DC sample from C57BL/6J mice injected with 2 x 10^6 BM cells from a UV irradiated congenic B6.SJL-Ptprca mouse
Project description:Macrophages are cells of the innate immune system fundamental to support normal haematopoiesis, fight infection, anti-cancer immunity and tumour progression. However, the function of macrophages in myeloid leukaemias remain largely unknown, due to difficulties in isolating non-transformed cells from the malignant ones. Here we use a state-of-the-art chimeric mouse of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) to study in the impact of the dysregulated bone marrow (BM) microenvironment on bystander macrophages. Utilising single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA seq) of Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) negative macrophages and secretome proteomics of murine c-kit+ stem/progenitor cells we have uncovered that macrophages exposed to a CML environment are altered transcriptionally and have reduced phagocytic function
Project description:The impact of LPS and LTA stimulation on differentiated bone marrow and Yolk sac Hoxb8 macrophages in comparison to untreated control cells was studied by global protein profiling using a bottom-up approach.
Project description:Bone marrow-derived macrophages, Unstimulated DMSO Bone marrow-derived macrophages, Unstimulated + I-BET (GSK525762A) Bone marrow-derived macrophages, LPS 1h DMSO Bone marrow-derived macrophages, LPS 1h + I-BET (GSK525762A) Bone marrow-derived macrophages, LPS 2h DMSO Bone marrow-derived macrophages, LPS 2h + I-BET (GSK525762A) Bone marrow-derived macrophages, LPS 4h DMSO Bone marrow-derived macrophages, LPS 4h + I-BET (GSK525762A) LPS (100 ng/mL) was purchased from Sigma. Bone Marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were differentiated from C57BL/6 bone marrow using 5 ng/mL each of recombinant M-CSF and IL-3 (Peprotech) for 7 days as described (Jeffrey et al, Nature Immunology, 2006). 2 x10^6 BMDMs were treated with DMSO or 1 μM of I-BET for 30 minutes before the addition of LPS (100 ng/mL) for 1, 2 or 4h. Unstimulated control samples were incubated with I-BET only for 1 hour. 500 ng of total RNA from 3 independent samples per group was used to prepare biotin-labeled RNA using Ambion Illumina TotalPrep RNA Amplification Kit (Applied Biosystems) and hybridized to Illumina MouseRef-8 v2.0 expression BeadChip kits. The chips were scanned using Illumina BeadArray Reader. 3 biological replicates and 4 timepoints
Project description:Bone marrow-derived macrophages, Unstimulated DMSO Bone marrow-derived macrophages, Unstimulated + I-BET (GSK525762A) Bone marrow-derived macrophages, LPS 1h DMSO Bone marrow-derived macrophages, LPS 1h + I-BET (GSK525762A) Bone marrow-derived macrophages, LPS 2h DMSO Bone marrow-derived macrophages, LPS 2h + I-BET (GSK525762A) Bone marrow-derived macrophages, LPS 4h DMSO Bone marrow-derived macrophages, LPS 4h + I-BET (GSK525762A) LPS (100 ng/mL) was purchased from Sigma. Bone Marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were differentiated from C57BL/6 bone marrow using 5 ng/mL each of recombinant M-CSF and IL-3 (Peprotech) for 7 days as described (Jeffrey et al, Nature Immunology, 2006). 2 x10^6 BMDMs were treated with DMSO or 1 μM of I-BET for 30 minutes before the addition of LPS (100 ng/mL) for 1, 2 or 4h. Unstimulated control samples were incubated with I-BET only for 1 hour. 500 ng of total RNA from 3 independent samples per group was used to prepare biotin-labeled RNA using Ambion Illumina TotalPrep RNA Amplification Kit (Applied Biosystems) and hybridized to Illumina MouseRef-8 v2.0 expression BeadChip kits. The chips were scanned using Illumina BeadArray Reader.
Project description:Dendritic cells (DCs) regulate both innate and adaptive immune responses. The role of CD11c-plus DCs in the corneal response to to herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) infection was investigated by depleting them prior to infection. Bone marrow cells from CD11c-DTR (C.FVB-Tg(Itgax-DTR/EGFP)57Lan/J) mice were transferred intravenously to irradiated BALB/cJ host mice. After 6 weeks, the bone marrow chimeric host mice were injected with diphtheria toxin (DT) to deplete CD11c-positive cells. Two days after injection, the mice were subjected to a standard corneal infection protocol using HSV-1.
Project description:To investigate the effects of cell-intrinsic loss of IL10RA on inflammatory macrophage function we performed gene expression profiling analysis using data from sorted lamina propria macrophages from bone marrow chimeric mice.