Expression data from BAX/BAK double knockout mouse embryonic fibroblast at baseline and following exposure to genotoxic stress.
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA415930 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:The BCL-2 family proteins are central regulators of apoptosis. However, cells doubly deficient for BAX and BAK or overexpressing BCL-2 still succumb to oxidative stress upon DNA damage or loss of matrix attachment. Our studies indicate a central role for the transcription factor deltaNp63alpha (referred to as p63 from this point forward) in this form of non-apoptotic cell death. We used microarrays to investigate gene expression in apoptosis-incompetent cells expressing a control vector or p63, at baseline and following exposure to genotoxic stress, to further elucidate molecular mechanisms regulating this type of non-apoptotic death and the role of p63 in this context.
2020-10-25 | GSE106214 | GEO
Project description:MEF WT, MEF DKO(Bax/Bak), MEF DKO(Bax/Bak) expressing rabbit Serca2a, MEF DKO(Bax/Bak) expressing Bak at the endoplasmic reticulum both control and treated with Noco 100 nM for 48h
2023-06-12 | E-MTAB-10997 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Intrinsic apoptosis is critical for normal physiology including the prevention of tumor formation. BAX and BAK, which are essential for mediating this process and for the cytotoxic action of many anti-cancer drugs, are thought to be regulated through similar mechanisms and act redundantly to drive apoptosis. Here we have established the various mitochondrial complexes that contain VDAC1, VDAC2, VDAC3 and BAX or BAK.
2018-10-29 | PXD011195 | Pride
Project description:Cancer cell metabolism is increasingly recognized as providing an exciting therapeutic opportunity. However, a drug that directly couples targeting of a metabolic dependency with the induction of cell death in cancer cells has largely remained elusive. Here we report that the drug-like small-molecule ironomycin reduces the mitochondrial iron load, resulting in the potent disruption of mitochondrial metabolism. Ironomycin promotes the recruitment and activation of BAX/BAK, but the resulting mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) does not lead to potent activation of the apoptotic caspases, nor is the ensuing cell death prevented by inhibiting the previously established pathways of programmed cell death. Consistent with the fact that ironomycin and BH3 mimetics induce MOMP through independent nonredundant pathways, we find that ironomycin exhibits marked in vitro and in vivo synergy with venetoclax and overcomes venetoclax resistance in primary patient samples.
2022-10-01 | GSE186088 | GEO
Project description:Investigating the role of Bax/Bak as a driver of inflammation in aging
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Project description:Pharmacologic Reduction of Mitochondrial Iron Triggers a Noncanonical BAX/BAK-Dependent Cell Death
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Project description:Senescent cells drive age-related tissue dysfunction partially via the induction of a chronic senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Mitochondria are major regulators of the SASP; however, the underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated. Mitochondria are often essential for apoptosis, a cell fate distinct from cellular senescence. During apoptosis, widespread mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) commits a cell to die. Here, we find that MOMP occurring in a subset of mitochondria is a feature of cellular senescence. This process, called minority MOMP (miMOMP), depends on the formation of BAX and BAK macropores leading to the release of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) into the cytosol, which in turn activates the cGAS-STING pathway, a major regulator of the SASP. Importantly, we found that inhibition of MOMP in vivo decreases inflammatory markers and improves healthspan in aged mice. Our results reveal, unexpectedly, that apoptosis and senescence are regulated by similar mitochondrial-dependent mechanisms, and that sub-lethal mitochondrial apoptotic stress is a major driver of the SASP. We also provide proof-of-concept that inhibition of miMOMP-induced inflammation may be a new therapeutic avenue to improve healthspan.
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Project description:BAK and BAX, the effectors of intrinsic apoptosis, undergo major reconfiguration to an activated conformer that self-associates to damage mitochondria and cause cell death. However, the dynamic structural mechanisms that describe this reconfiguration in the presence of a membrane have yet to be fully elucidated. To explore the metamorphosis of membrane-bound BAK, we employed hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) on liposomes comprising mitochondrial lipids. The HDX-MS profile of BAK on a membrane was broadly consistent with the known solution structures of inactive BAK. Following activation, HDX-MS resolved major reconfigurations in BAK. Mutagenesis led by our HDX-MS profiling revealed that the BCL-2 homology (BH) 4 domain maintains BAK in its inactive conformation and disrupting this was sufficient for constitutive BAK activation. Moreover, the entire BAK N-terminus that precedes the BAK oligomerisation domains became disordered post-activation and remained disordered in the activated oligomer. Cleavage of the N-terminus potentiated BAK-mediated membrane permeabilisation on liposomes and mitochondria. Together, HDX-MS reveals new insights into the dynamic nature of BAK activating conformation change in a membrane that will reveal new opportunities for therapeutic targeting.
2021-08-09 | PXD027288 | Pride
Project description:We report that developmental competition between sympathetic neurons for survival is critically dependent on a sensitization process initiated by target innervation and mediated by a series of feedback loops. Target-derived nerve growth factor (NGF) promoted expression of its receptor TrkA in neurons and prolonged TrkA-mediated signals. NGF also controlled expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin-4 (NT4), which, through the receptor p75, can kill neighboring neurons with low retrograde NGFâ??TrkA signaling whereas neurons with high NGFâ??TrkA signaling are protected. Perturbation of any of these feedback loops disrupts the dynamics of competition. We suggest that three target-initiated events are essential for rapid and robust competition between neurons: sensitization, paracrine apoptotic signaling, and protection from such effects. Experiment Overall Design: This experiment examine gene expression differences in superior cervical ganglia fro P0 bax null versus NGF-Bax double null animals. The Bax genotype was used in order to prevent the neuronal cell death normally observed in the NGF null animal.
2008-06-11 | E-GEOD-10498 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Intrinsic apoptosis is principally regulated by the BCL-2 family of proteins, but some non-BCL-2 proteins also serve as important regulators. To identify novel apoptosis regulators, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 library screen, and it identified the mitochondrial E3 ubiquitin ligase MARCHF5/MITOL/RNF153 as an important regulator of BAK apoptotic function. Deleting MARCHF5 in multiple BAX-deficient cell lines conferred profound resistance to BH3-mimetic drugs. The loss of MARCHF5 or its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity surprisingly drove BAK to adopt an active conformation, with resistance to BH3-mimetics afforded by the formation of inhibitory complexes with pro-survival proteins MCL-1 and BCL-XL. Importantly, these changes to BAK conformation and pro-survival association occurred independently of BH3-only proteins. This study identifies a mechanism by which MARCHF5 regulates apoptotic cell death and provides new insight into how cancer cells respond to BH3-mimetic drugs. These data also highlight the emerging role of ubiquitin signalling in apoptosis that may be exploited therapeutically.
2022-09-25 | PXD030246 | Pride