Project description:Sperm contains essential proteins for interaction with eggs, however, there are only several sperm proteins reported with important role in fertilization, and gamete proteomics are limited in marine invertebrate species. We present here a sperm proteomic profile of marine mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. There are 816 proteins were successfully identified by LC-MS/MS based on 1-DE SDS-PAGE. Many of the identifications are relevant to sperm cell physiology and mtDNA functioning. The results will contribute to better understand the proteins involved in fertilization in M. galloprovincialis, as well as the other marine invertebrate species.
Project description:Proteome analysis of the surface matrix of chitinous barrier membranes of the tunicate Ciona intestinalis Type A, a marine filter-feeding invertebrate chordate. This chitinous membrane separate food microbes from the gut epithelium, as a physical barrier. As controls, we used mucus cords from the esophagus.
Project description:The ischemic borderzone (BZ) is a geographically complex and biologically enigmatic interface separating poorly perfused infarct zones (IZ) from comparatively healthy remote zones (RZ). BZ cellular and molecular mechanisms are not well understood because efforts to dissect it inevitably include RZ and IZ in uncontrolled proportions. Here, we use single-cell/nuclei RNA-sequencing, spatial transcriptomics, and multiplexed RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (mFISH) to identify BZ cardiomyocytes (CMs) subsets. BZ1 (Nppa+Xirp2-) forms a hundreds-of-microns-thick transitional layer adjacent to RZ, while BZ2 (Nppa+Xirp2+) forms a tens-of-microns-thick layer that the IZ edge. BZ2 CMs have reduced CM cell contact; colocalize with matricellular-protein-expressing myofibroblasts; and upregulate focal adhesion-, sarcomere-, and cytoskeletal-genes. Surprisingly, the transcriptional BZ emerges within an hour of injury and is inducible by non-ischemic fine-needle-trauma. We suggest that mechanical instability and “loss of neighbor” at the BZ edge are the dominant inducers of the BZ transcriptional response.
Project description:Phagosomes are task-force organelles of innate immune systems responsible for the recognition, processing, and ultimately destruction of invading microorganisms. Among invertebrate and vertebrate species, evolutionary diversity and continuity abound in the protein machinery executing this coordinately regulated process, though its dynamics and full scope of regulators remain incompletely understood. In order to clarify molecular mechanisms underlying phagocytosis, we studied phagocyte response to beads and Vibrio species, using hemocytes of the Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) as a marine invertebrate model. Phagosomes from different stages of phagocytosis were isolated by density-gradient centrifugation, and more than 400 phagosome-associated proteins were subsequently identified via high-throughput quantitative proteomics. In modeling key networks of phagosomal protein-protein interactions, our results support the essential roles of several processes driving phagosome formation and maturation, including actin cytoskeleton remodeling, and signal transduction by myosin and Rab proteins. In further quantitative proteomic analysis, trends of both upregulation and downregulation of protein expression were observed proteins during phagosome formation and maturation. Notably, the signal transducers CgRhoGDI and CgPI4K were implicated. In addition, six Rab proteins including Rab1, Rab2, Rab7, Rab11, RaB21, and Rab33 were also identified as active regulators or mediators in hemocyte phagocytosis. Our current work illustrates the diversity and dynamic interplay of phagosomal proteins, providing a framework for better understanding host-microbe interactions during phagosome formation and maturation in under-examined invertebrate species.