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Effects of oxidative stress on mitotic recombination and genomic stability in yeast

ABSTRACT: Effects of oxidative stress on mitotic recombination and genomic stability in yeast

PROVIDER: PRJNA418280 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Effects of oxidative stress on mitotic recombination and genomic stability in yeast

Project description:Oxidative stress is a common factor threating genomic stability in almost all aerobic organisms. Using a yeast screening system, we measured the frequency of mitotic recombination was greatly elevated after H2O2 treatment. H2O2 was able to break chromatid directly in G1 synchronized cells and homologous recombination was induced to repair DNA double stand breaks at S/G2 phase. By whole genome SNP microarray and sequencing, the patterns of H2O2 induced loss of heterozygosity (LOH; gene conversion and crossover), chromosomal rearrangement, and aneuploidy changes were revealed. LOH events were the most common genomic alterations induced by H2O2 and were randomly distributed throughout the genome.

2017-11-15 | GSE106816 | GEO

Effects of oxidative stress on mitotic recombination and genomic stability in yeast after 20 passages

Project description:Oxidative stress is a common factor threatening genomic stability in almost all aerobic organisms. Using a yeast screening system, we measured the frequency of mitotic recombination was greatly elevated after H2O2 treatment. H2O2 was able to break chromatid directly in G1 synchronized cells and homologous recombination was induced to repair DNA double stand breaks at S/G2 phase. By whole genome SNP microarray and sequencing, the patterns of H2O2 induced loss of heterozygosity (LOH; gene conversion and crossover), chromosomal rearrangement, and aneuploidy changes were revealed. LOH events were the most common genomic alterations induced by H2O2 and were randomly distributed throughout the genome.

2017-11-21 | GSE107178 | GEO

Effects of oxidative stress on mitotic recombination and genomic stability in yeast after 20 passages

Project description:Effects of oxidative stress on mitotic recombination and genomic stability in yeast after 20 passages

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High-resolution mapping of heteroduplex DNA formed in UV-induced and spontaneous mitotic recombination events in yeast

Project description:In yeast, DNA breaks are usually repaired by homologous recombination (HR). An early step for HR pathways is formation of a heteroduplex, in which a single-strand from the broken DNA molecule pairs with a strand derived from an intact DNA molecule. If the two strands of DNA are not identical, there will be mismatches within the heteroduplex DNA (hetDNA). In wild-type strains, these mismatches are repaired by the mismatch repair (MMR) system, producing a gene conversion event. In strains lacking MMR, the mismatches persist. Most previous studies involving hetDNA formed during mitotic recombination were restricted to one locus. Below, we present a global mapping of hetDNA formed in the MMR-defective mlh1 strain. We find that many recombination events are associated with repair of double-stranded DNA gaps and/or involve Mlh1-independent mismatch repair. Many of our events are not explicable by the simplest form of the double-strand break repair model of recombination.

2017-06-27 | GSE100497 | GEO

Recombination rate conservation in yeast

Project description:Recombination rate conservation in yeast

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Mapping mitochondrial DNA recombination in yeast

Project description:Mapping mitochondrial DNA recombination in yeast

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Mapping mitochondrial DNA recombination in yeast

Project description:In this study, we present the first genome-wide recombination map for mitochondrial DNA in yeast. We also assess the impact of the genetic background and of several gene deletions on the recombination profiles.

2014-10-22 | E-MTAB-2474 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Centromeres license the mitotic condensation of yeast chromosome arms

Project description:During mitosis, chromatin condensation shapes chromosomes as separate, rigid and compacted sister-chromatids to facilitate their segregation. Here, we show that unlike wild type yeast chromosomes, non-chromosomal DNA circles and chromosomes lacking a centromere fail to condense during mitosis. Genetics and ChIP-seq experiments establish that the centromere functions in chromosome condensation upstream of the kinases Aurora B and Bub1. Downstream of Aurora B and Bub1, Shugoshin and the deacetylase Hst2 facilitated spreading of the condensation signal from the pericentromeric region to the chromosome arms. Targeting Aurora B to DNA circles or centromere-ablated chromosomes, or releasing Shugoshin from PP2A-dependent inhibition bypassed the centromere requirement for condensation and enhanced the mitotic stability of DNA circles. Our data indicate that yeast cells license in a centromere-dependent manner the chromosome-autonomous condensation of their chromatin, excluding non-centromeric DNA from this process and thereby inhibiting their propagation.

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Network rewiring of homologous recombination during mitotic proliferation and meiosis

Project description:Homologous recombination is essential for high-fidelity DNA repair during mitotic proliferation and meiosis. Yet, context-specific modifications must tailor the recombination machinery to avoid, or enforce, formation of reciprocal exchanges – crossovers – between recombining chromosomes. To obtain molecular insight into how crossover control is achieved, we affinity-purified the 7 DNA-processing enzymes with known roles in channelling HR intermediates into crossovers, or non-crossovers, from vegetative cells, or cells undergoing meiosis. Using mass spectrometry, we provide the first global characterization of their composition. The resulting mitosis- and meiosis-specific interaction maps reveal intricate changes in enzyme architecture and a concerted rewiring of the interaction networks to support flexible control to the recombination outcome. Moreover, functional analyses of 31 novel interactions uncovered 8 meiosis-specific network components that remodel HR to support crossing-over. Chd1, which transiently associates with Exo1 during meiosis, enables the formation of MutLγ-Exo1-dependent crossovers through its conserved ability to bind and displace nucleosomes.

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Histone H3 lysine9 acetylation, rather than lysine4 trimethylation, marks meiotic recombination hotspots and promotes recombination initiation in fission yeast

Project description:Histone modifications are associated with meiotic recombination hotspots, discrete sites with augmented recombination frequency. For example, trimethylation of histone H3 lysine4 (H3K4me3) marks most hotspots in budding yeast and mouse. Modified histones are known to regulate meiotic recombination partly by promoting DNA double strand break (DSB) formation, but the role and precise landscape of histone modifications at hotspots remain unclear. Here, we studied hotspot-associated modifications in fission yeast and found general features: acetylation of H3 lysine9 (H3K9ac) is strikingly elevated, and H3K4me3 is not significantly enriched. Remarkably, elimination of H3K9ac reduced binding of the DSB-inducing enzyme Rec12 and DSB at hotspots. We also found that the H3K4 metyltransferase Set1 promotes DSB formation at some loci, but it restricts Rec12 binding to hotspots. These results suggest that H3K9ac rather than H3K4me3 is a hotspot-associated mark involved in meiotic DSB formation in fission yeast.

2013-03-07 | GSE31648 | GEO

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