Expression of Adipocyte/Macrophage Fatty Acid Binding Protein in Tumor Associated Macrophages Promotes Breast Cancer Progression
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PROVIDER: PRJNA431765 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) play a critical role in cancer development and progression. However, the heterogeneity of TAM presents a major challenge to identify clinically relevant markers for protumor TAM. Here, we report that expression of adipocyte/macrophage fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) in TAM promotes breast cancer progression. Although upregulation of A-FABP was inversely associated with breast cancer survival, deficiency of A-FABP significantly reduced mammary tumor growth and metastasis. Furthermore, the protumor effect of A-FABP was mediated by TAM, in particular, in a subset of TAM with a CD11b+F4/80+MHCII-Ly6C- phenotype. A-FABP expression in TAM facilitated protumor IL6/STAT3 signaling through regulation of the NF?B/miR-29b pathway. Collectively, our results suggest A-FABP as a new functional marker for protumor TAM.Significance: These findings identify A-FABP as a functional marker for protumor macrophages, thus offering a new target for tumor immunotherapy. Cancer Res; 78(9); 2343-55. ©2018 AACR.
| S-EPMC5932212 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Identification of A-FABP as a new functional marker for pro-tumor associated macrophages.
2018-01-27 | GSE109703 | GEO
Project description:Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection of macrophages reprograms cellular lipid metabolism to promote the formation of cytosolic lipid droplets. While it is clearly known that intracellular Mtb utilize host derived fatty acids and cholesterol to fuel a majority of its biosynthetic demands, the role of macrophage lipid metabolism on the bacteria’s ability to access the intracellular lipid pool remains controversial. We have utilized a CRISPR genetic knockdown approach to, systematically and comprehensively, characterize the role of macrophage fatty acid metabolism on the intracellular growth of Mtb. Our analyzes demonstrate that knockdown of lipid import, sequestration and metabolism genes collectively impair the intracellular growth of Mtb in macrophages. We further demonstrate that modulating fatty acids homeostasis in macrophages impair Mtb replication by enhancing production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, restricting the bacteria access to nutrients and increasing oxidative stress in a manner which is surprisingly divergent. We also demonstrate that impaired macrophage lipid droplet biogenesis is restrictive to intracellular Mtb growth. However, increased induction of lipid droplet formation by downstream blockade of fatty acid oxidation does not rescue the impaired Mtb growth phenotypes. Our work provides a characterization of macrophage fatty acid homeostasis and how its modulation impacts Mtb intracellular growth.
2024-06-24 | GSE270571 | GEO
Project description:Melanocortins mediate their biological functions via five different melanocortin receptors (MC1R - MC5R). MC1R is expressed in the skin and leukocytes and is thus involved in the regulation of skin pigmentation and inflammatory responses. MC1R is also present in the liver and white adipose tissue, but its functional role in these tissues is unclear. This study aimed at determining the regulatory role of MC1R in fatty acid metabolism. Recessive yellow (Mc1re/e) mice, a model of global MC1R deficiency, and hepatocyte-specific MC1R deficient mice (Mc1r LKO) were fed a chow or Western diet for 12 weeks. The mouse models were characterized for body weight and composition, adipose tissue mass, adipocyte size, glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism. Furthermore, qPCR and RNA sequencing analyses were used to investigate gene expression profiles in the liver and adipose tissue. HepG2 cells and primary mouse hepatocytes were to study the effects of pharmacological MC1R activation. Chow- and Western diet-fed Mc1re/e showed increased liver weight, white adipose tissue mass and plasma triglyceride (TG) concentration compared to wild type mice. This phenotype occurred without significant changes in food intake, body weight, physical activity or glucose metabolism. Mc1r LKO mice displayed a similar phenotype characterized by larger fat depots, increased adipocyte hypertrophy and enhanced accumulation of TGs in the liver and plasma. In terms of gene expression, markers of de novo lipogenesis, inflammation and apoptosis were upregulated in the liver of Mc1r LKO mice, while enzymes regulating lipolysis were downregulated in white adipose tissue of these mice. In cultured hepatocytes, selective activation of MC1R reduced ChREBP expression, which is a central transcription factor for lipogenesis. Hepatocyte-specific loss of MC1R disturbs fatty acid metabolism in the liver and leads to an obesity phenotype characterized by enhanced adipocyte hypertrophy and TG accumulation in the liver and circulation.
2024-08-29 | GSE262618 | GEO
Project description:Adipose tissue inflammation is a characteristic of obesity. However, the mechanisms that regulate this inflammatory response and link adipose inflammation to systemic metabolic consequences are not fully understood. In this study, we have taken advantage of the highly restricted coexpression of adipocyte/macrophage fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) aP2 (FABP4) and mal1 (FABP5) to examine the contribution of these lipid chaperones in macrophages and adipocytes to local and systemic inflammation and metabolic homeostasis in mice. Deletion of FABPs in adipocytes resulted in reduced expression of inflammatory cytokines in macrophages, whereas the same deletion in macrophages led to enhanced insulin signaling and glucose uptake in adipocytes. Using radiation chimerism through bone marrow transplantation, we generated mice with FABP deficiency in bone marrow and stroma-derived elements in vivo and studied the impact of each cellular target on local and systemic insulin action and glucose metabolism in dietary obesity. The results of these experiments indicated that neither macrophages nor adipocytes individually could account for the total impact of FABPs on systemic metabolism and suggest that interactions between these 2 cell types, particularly in adipose tissue, are critical for the inflammatory basis of metabolic deterioration.
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Project description:Atherosclerosis is a chronic disorder of the vessel wall. One key regulator of disease progression is lipid handling in macrophages. However, the role of macrophage mitochondrial-dependent fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) in atherosclerosis is not well defined. To address this, we focused on carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) 1 and 2, which play an essential role in the transport of long chain fatty acids (FAs) into the mitochondria. Using conditional alleles of these mitochondrial enzymes, we have generated myeloid-specific Cpt1a and Cpt2 knockout mutants (CPT1a M-KO and CPT2 M-KO). In culture, macrophages derived from CPT1a and CPT2 M-KO mice have impaired FAO, enhanced expression of the CD36 scavenger receptor, increased uptake of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), and augmented transformation into cholesterol-rich foam cells. In line with these in vitro observations, in the atherosclerosis-susceptible apolipoprotein E (ApoE) KO background, CPT2 M-KO mice demonstrated augmented atherosclerosis, accompanied by increased accumulation of aortic macrophages with elevated CD36 expression. These data suggest that macrophage FAO is athero-protective and that augmenting FAO may potentially slow atherosclerotic progression.
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Project description:Adipocytes are the primary sites for fatty acid storage, but the synthesis rate of fatty acids is very low. The physiological significance of this phenomenon remains unclear. Here, we show that surplus fatty acid synthesis in adipocytes induces necroptosis and lipodystrophy. Transcriptional activation of FASN elevates fatty acid synthesis, but decreases NADPH level and increases ROS production, which ultimately leads to adipocyte necroptosis. We identify MED20, a subunit of the Mediator complex, as a negative regulator of FASN transcription. Adipocyte-specific male Med20 knockout mice progressively develop lipodystrophy, which is reversed by scavenging ROS. Further, in a murine model of HIV-associated lipodystrophy and a human patient with acquired lipodystrophy, ROS neutralization significantly improves metabolic disorders, indicating a causal role of ROS in disease onset. Our study well explains the low fatty acid synthesis rate in adipocytes, and sheds light on the management of acquired lipodystrophy.
2023-12-11 | GSE249808 | GEO
Project description:In this study, we explored the role of macrophage scavenger receptor 1 (MSR1) in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Mice lacking Msr1 proved to be protected against high fat-cholesterol diet (HFD)-induced metabolic disorder, showing fewer hepatic lipid-laden foamy macrophages, less hepatic inflammation and changed lipid metabolism.
2022-02-01 | GSE163471 | GEO
Project description:Ush regulates macrophage-specific gene expression, fatty acid metabolism and cell cycle progression and cooperates with dNuRD to orchestrate hematopoiesis
| PRJNA610279 | ENA
Project description:The generation and modulation of lineage-specific gene expression programmes that determine proliferation capacity, metabolic profile and cell type-specific activities at each stage of differentiation are crucial for metazoan development. Gene expression programmes are moulded by a complex interplay between sequence-specific transcription factors, cofactors and epigenetic regulators. Here, we study U-shaped (Ush), a genetically defined transcriptional cofactor that cooperates with GATA transcription factors during blood cell differentiation in Drosophila. We use a cell line that is derived from macrophage precursors to comprehensively analyse Ush function at the cellular level. Using genomewide approaches we reveal that Ush binds to thousands of promoters and enhancers that are enriched for GATA sites and that it is a major regulator of transcription. Ush controls the expression of at least three functionally distinct gene classes encoding proteins relevant to different aspects of macrophage differentiation: cell cycle regulators, key metabolic enzymes and proteins enabling macrophage-specific functions. Ush is essential to maintain proliferative capacity and coordinately regulates fatty acid degradation and synthesis. We employ complementary biochemical approaches to characterise the molecular mechanisms of Ush-mediated gene regulation. We uncover the existence of two major Ush isoforms. One of these, Ush-B, uses a short peptide sequence to bind the Nucleosome Remodeling and Deacetylation (NuRD) complex. We demonstrate that this mode of interaction is conserved between vertebrates and invertebrates. Remarkably, Ush-B/NuRD specifically contributes to the repression of macrophage-specific genes demonstrating that Ush isoforms and epigenetic regulators make differential contributions to Ush controlled transcription programmes. Finally, we use genetic methods to define Ush and NuRD function in the developing fly. Ush and NuRD regulate enhancer activity during macrophage differentiation and both cooperate to suppress the formation of lamellocytes. Our findings uncover how a transcriptional cofactor can coordinate distinct cellular activities (proliferation, metabolism and cell type-specific functions) that are relevant for differentiation and maintenance of cell type-specific phenotypes.
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