Project description:Harris County, Texas experienced its largest outbreak of West Nile (WNV) disease in 2014. Characterization WNV isolates from the outbreak using next generation sequencing approaches, phylogeny, and animal studies revealed a novel genotype characterized by selection of an amino acid substitution, NS2A-R188K. Retrospective analysis of Genbank showed this genotype was first identified in New York and Connecticut in 2008 and then in Texas subsequently. Thus, we have termed this the Northeast 2008 (NE/WN08) genotype. Emergence of this genotype in Texas likely involved the displacement of the SW/WN03 genotype. Quasispecies diversity revealed significant variation occurred among viral isolates, but no phenotypic changes were observed in terms of temperature sensitivity and mouse virulence, suggesting that despite WNV being in North America for 15 years there are strong mutational robustness among naturally occurring WNV isolates. Examination of Genbank showed that convergent evolution of NS2A-R188K was also taking place worldwide.
Project description:High throughput sequencing was performed using Illumina HiSeq to identify differentially regulated genes in Culex mosquitoes after West Nile virus infection.
Project description:Purpose of this experiment was to further understand how innate immune defenses impact host response and West Nile virus tissue tropism. This study examined host-transcriptional response to West Nile virus in permissive and nonpermissive tissues using wildtype mice and mice with genetically altered interferon signaling pathways.
Project description:The purpose of this experiment was to further our understanding of gene expression in the central nervous system (thalamus and cerebrum) after exposure to West Nile virus. To that end, three different analyses were performed. The first examined differences in gene expression between horses not vaccinated and exposed to WNV and normal control horses (exposure). The second examined differences in gene expression between horses not vaccinated and exposed to WNV and horses vaccinated and exposed to WNV (survival). And the third examined differences between the nonvaccinated cerebrum and nonvaccinated thalamus of horses exposed to WNV (location). Six conditions- Gene expression in the thalamus and cerebrum of three different groups of horses (Non-vaccinated horses exposed to West Nile virus, Vaccinated horses exposed to West Nile virus, normal horses not exposed to West Nile virus). Biological replicates- 6 normal cerebrums, 6 normal thalamus, 6 vaccinated and exposed cerebrums, 6 vaccinated and exposed thalamus, 6 non-vaccinated and exposed cerebrum, 6 non-vaccinated and exposed thalamus.
Project description:We profile the peripheral blood of patients infected with West Nile Virus with divergent disease-trajectories (West Nile Encephalitis, West Nile Fever, and asymptomatic) during relatively acute infection and at a convalescent timepoint (~90-days later) using single-cell RNA sequencing in an effort to uncover determinants of disease progression and flesh out the landscape of infection. In the blood of the infected patients, stratified cell-states involved in acute viral infection resolve into more homogenous states at the follow-up blood draws, A dramatic shared transcriptional shift between the primary blood-draws during acute infection and the 90-day follow-ups in all observed compartments allows us to highlight multiple cell-type and cell-state-specific patterns of gene expression.
Project description:The purpose is to obtain samples for mRNA analysis in primary mouse myeloid dendritic cells infected with wild type West Nile virus (WNVMT) and mutant virus (WNVE218A).
Project description:The purpose is to obtain samples for mRNA analysis in primary mouse myeloid dendritic cells infected with wild type West Nile virus (WNVMT) and mutant virus (WNVE218A).
Project description:The purpose is to obtain samples for transcriptional analysis in triplicate wells using wild type West Nile virus (WNV NY99 clone 382; WNVWT) and mutant virus (WNVE218A) in mouse granule cell neurons. This data set comprises two complete biological replicate experiments conducted in the same conditions and with data processed independently. Granule cell neurons from day 6 C57Bl/6J mouse pups are infected with plasmid-derived wild type West Nile virus NY99 clone 382 (WNVWT) or plasmid-derived isogenic E218A mutant West Nile virus NY99 clone 382 (WNVE218A) with multiplicity of infection (MOI) 250. Three technical replicates were performed at each of 1, 8, 12 and 24 hrs post infection. Time matched mocks done in triplicate are treated with mockulum: cell media concentrated through ultracentrifugation and diluted as virus. mRNA is sampled at all time points; microRNA is sampled at 12 hours post-infection. There were two independent biological replicates of the entire procedure, distinguished by sample name prefixes ('WGCN002' and 'WGCN003') and the biological_replicate characteristic field.
Project description:The purpose is to obtain samples for transcriptional analysis in triplicate wells using wild type West Nile virus (WNV NY99 clone 382; WNVWT) and mutant virus (WNVE218A) in mouse granule cell neurons. This data set comprises two complete biological replicate experiments conducted in the same conditions and with data processed independently. Granule cell neurons from day 6 C57Bl/6J mouse pups are infected with plasmid-derived wild type West Nile virus NY99 clone 382 (WNVWT) or plasmid-derived isogenic E218A mutant West Nile virus NY99 clone 382 (WNVE218A) with multiplicity of infection (MOI) 250. Three technical replicates were performed at each of 1, 8, 12 and 24 hrs post infection. Time matched mocks done in triplicate are treated with mockulum: cell media concentrated through ultracentrifugation and diluted as virus. mRNA is sampled at all time points; microRNA is sampled at 12 hours post-infection. There were two independent biological replicates of the entire procedure, distinguished by sample name prefixes ('WGCN002' and 'WGCN003') and the biological_replicate characteristic field.
