Project description:Rice productivity relies heavily on nitrogen fertilization, and improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is important for hybrid rice breeding. Reducing nitrogen inputs is the key to achieving sustainable rice production and reducing environmental problems. Here, we analyzed the genome-wide transcriptomic changes in microRNAs (miRNAs) in the indica rice restorer cultivar NH511 (Nanhui 511) under high (HN) and low nitrogen (LN) conditions. The results showed that NH511 is sensitive to nitrogen supplies and HN conditions promoted the growth its lateral roots at the seedling stage. Furthermore, we identified 483 known miRNAs and 128 novel miRNAs by small RNA sequencing in response to nitrogen in NH511. We also detected 100 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 75 upregulated and 25 downregulated DEGs, under HN conditions. Among these DEGs, 43 miRNAs that exhibited a 2-fold change in their expression were identified in response to HN conditions, including 28 upregulated and 15 downregulated genes. Additionally, some differentially expressed miRNAs were further validated by qPCR analysis, which showed that miR443, miR1861b, and miR166k-3p were upregulated, whereas miR395v and miR444b.1 were downregulated under HN conditions. Moreover, the degradomes of possible target genes for miR166k-3p and miR444b.1 and expression variations were analyzed by qPCR at different time points under HN conditions. Our findings revealed comprehensive expression profiles of miRNAs responsive to HN treatments in an indica rice restorer cultivar, which advances our understanding of the regulation of nitrogen signaling mediated by miRNAs and provides novel data for high-NUE hybrid rice cultivation.
Project description:Proliferative breast lesions, such as simple ductal hyperplasia (SH) and atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), are candidate precursors to ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive cancer. To better understand their relationship to more advanced disease, we used microdissection and DNA microarrays to profile the gene expression of patient-matched histologically normal (HN), ADH, and DCIS from 12 patients with ER+ sporadic breast cancer. SH were profiled from a subset of cases. We found 837 differentially expressed genes between DCIS-HN and 447 between ADH-HN, with >90% of the ADH-HN genes also present among the DCIS-HN genes. Only 61 genes were identified between ADH-DCIS. Expression differences were reproduced in an independent cohort of patient-matched lesions by qRT-PCR. Many breast cancer-related genes and pathways were dysregulated in ADH and maintained in DCIS. Particularly, cell adhesion and extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions were overrepresented. Focal adhesion was the top pathway in each gene set. We conclude that ADH and DCIS share highly similar gene expression and are distinct from HN. In contrast, SH appear more similar to HN. These data provide genetic evidence that ADH (but not SH) are often precursors to cancer and suggest cancer-related genetic changes, particularly adhesion and ECM pathways, are dysregulated prior to invasion and even before malignancy is apparent. These findings could lead to novel risk stratification, prevention, and treatment approaches. Patient-matched (HN, SH, ADH, DCIS) samples were isolated from within patients with ER+ sporadic breast cancers via laser capture microdissection. Use of patient-matched samples decreases between patient variations. Forty total samples were analyzed via Affymetrix U133A. Patient age ranged from 48-92. Case numbers correspond to individual patients. Each sample is identified by case number, histologic lesion and corresponding microarray ID.
Project description:Humanin (HN) is a 24 amino acid peptide encoded by mitochondrial DNA MT-RNR2 (16S ribosomal RNA [rRNA]). It was previously shown, that HN protects tumor cells from damage during chemotherapy. To get mechanistic insight of HN induced singaling cascades involved in brain tumor growth, we performed a global phosphoproteomic analysis total and phosphorylated proteins on human brain tumor cells after treatment with the peptide Humanin.
Project description:Proliferative breast lesions, such as simple ductal hyperplasia (SH) and atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), are candidate precursors to ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive cancer. To better understand their relationship to more advanced disease, we used microdissection and DNA microarrays to profile the gene expression of patient-matched histologically normal (HN), ADH, and DCIS from 12 patients with ER+ sporadic breast cancer. SH were profiled from a subset of cases. We found 837 differentially expressed genes between DCIS-HN and 447 between ADH-HN, with >90% of the ADH-HN genes also present among the DCIS-HN genes. Only 61 genes were identified between ADH-DCIS. Expression differences were reproduced in an independent cohort of patient-matched lesions by qRT-PCR. Many breast cancer-related genes and pathways were dysregulated in ADH and maintained in DCIS. Particularly, cell adhesion and extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions were overrepresented. Focal adhesion was the top pathway in each gene set. We conclude that ADH and DCIS share highly similar gene expression and are distinct from HN. In contrast, SH appear more similar to HN. These data provide genetic evidence that ADH (but not SH) are often precursors to cancer and suggest cancer-related genetic changes, particularly adhesion and ECM pathways, are dysregulated prior to invasion and even before malignancy is apparent. These findings could lead to novel risk stratification, prevention, and treatment approaches. Patient-matched (HN, SH, ADH, DCIS) samples were isolated from within patients with ER+ sporadic breast cancers via laser capture microdissection. Use of patient-matched samples decreases between patient variations.
Project description:Sixth generation ExiqonM-BM-. locked nucleic acid miRCURYM-bM-^DM-" LNA microarrays were used to search and validate some unidentified miRNAs that regulate EMT in head and neck cancer carcinoma. MiRNA array screening was performed to identify the differential expression of miRNAs involved in EMT in natural epithelial - mesenchymal phenotype cell line pairM-oM-<M-^HHN-4, HN-12) and in TGF-M-NM-2 induced EMT models (HN-4 TGF-M-NM-2,HN-4). HN-4 parental cell was served as the control.One M-BM-5g total RNA from sample and control was labeled with Hy5M-bM-^DM-" and Hy3M-bM-^DM-" fluorescent label, respectively, using the miRCURYM-bM-^DM-" LNA Array power labeling kit (Exiqon, Denmark) following the procedure described by the manufacturer.
Project description:We studied how Fusobacterium nucleatum infection under hypoxia regulated the epigenome and transcriptome of colon cancer cells. The six datasets that are described in this study are labeled as follows: (a) Normoxia - No Bacteria (NN), (b) Normoxia - infection with Fnn (NF), (c) Normoxia - infection with E. coli (NE), (d) Hypoxia - No Bacteria (HN), (e) Hypoxia - infection with Fnn (HF), and (f) Hypoxia - infection with E. coli (HE).
Project description:Natural flavonoid pectolinarigenin (PEC) was reported to alleviate tubulointerstitial fibrosis of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice in our previous study. To further investigate nephroprotective effects of PEC in hyperuricemic nephropathy (HN), adenine and potassium oxonate induced HN mice and uric acid-treated mouse kidney epithelial (TCMK-1) cells were employed in the study. As a result, PEC significantly lowered serum uric acid level and restored hyperuricemia-related kidney injury in HN mice. Meanwhile, PEC alleviated inflammation, fibrosis and reduced adipokine FABP4 content in the kidneys of HN mice and uric acid-treated TCMK-1 cells. Mechanistically, PEC inhibited the TGF-β1 expression as well as the phosphorylation of transcription factor SMAD3 and STAT3 to regulate the corresponding inflammatory and fibrotic gene expression in kidney tissues. In conclusion, our results suggested that PEC could inhibit the activation of SMAD3 and STAT3 signaling to suppress inflammation and fibrosis, thereby alleviate HN in mice.