Project description:We conducted a genome-wide survey of genes in Ae. aegypti females that are transcriptionally responsive upon challenge with dengue virus (serotype-2). The array was designed with 60-mer oligos specific to 16,092 gene transcripts of gene build AaegL1.1 (www. vectorbase.org). The hybridizations were performed at NimbleGen. We provided total RNA purified from the infected and control samples to NimbleGen. To identify dengue-specific transcription response (DTR) genes of MS and MR females upon infection with DENV2-JAM1409, a total of 15 independent samples (12 test samples and 3 control samples) were used for array hybridizations. These consisted of four DENV2 infected samples (MS-3hr, MR-3hr, MS-18hr and MR-18hr, post-infection, respectively) and a control sample that consisted of RNA isolated at the same time points following uninfected blood meals and pooled across strains and time of sampling. Three independent biological replicates were prepared for each of the above five samples were used for hybridizations.
Project description:We used data independent acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry (MS) to profile ~800 proteinsfrom 122 serum samples Dengue or Zika Trinidadian patients. Two time points were collectedper patient. The DIA MS data were matched against a spectral library generated from high pH/low pH separated pooled serum samples.
Project description:Investigation of whole genome gene expression level changes in Moyo-S and Moyo-R strains of Aedes aegypti after oral infection of serotype 1, serotype 2, serotype 3 and serotype 4 of dengue virus The Moyo-S is highly suscpetible to dengue infection whereas Moyo-R is refractory to the dengue infection. They have been investigated in our previous studies incluidng Behura et al. (2011). PLoS neglected tropical diseases 5 (11), e1385; and Chauhan et al. (2012). PloS one 7 (10), e47350.
Project description:Drug resistance is a major clinical challenge in achieving durable responses to targeted cancer therapeutics. Resistance mechanisms to new classes of epigenetic-targeted drugs entering the clinic remain largely unexplored. We used BET inhibition in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma as a prototype to model innate and acquired resistance to chromatin remodeling inhibitors in cancer. Genome-scale, pooled lentiviral ORF and CRISPR knockout rescue screens nominated the PI3K pathway as a key signaling node that mediates resistance to BET inhibition.
Project description:We conducted a genome-wide survey of genes in Ae. aegypti females that are transcriptionally responsive upon challenge with dengue virus (serotype-2). The array was designed with 60-mer oligos specific to 16,092 gene transcripts of gene build AaegL1.1 (www. vectorbase.org). The hybridizations were performed at NimbleGen. We provided total RNA purified from the infected and control samples to NimbleGen. To identify dengue-specific transcription response (DTR) genes of MS and MR females upon infection with DENV2-JAM1409, a total of 15 independent samples (12 test samples and 3 control samples) were used for array hybridizations. These consisted of four DENV2 infected samples (MS-3hr, MR-3hr, MS-18hr and MR-18hr, post-infection, respectively) and a control sample that consisted of RNA isolated at the same time points following uninfected blood meals and pooled across strains and time of sampling. Three independent biological replicates were prepared for each of the above five samples were used for hybridizations. The Ae. aegypti genes responsive to dengue infection were identified in MOYO-S (MS) and MOYO-R (MR) females, upon challenging them with DENV serotype-2, by a genome-wide transcriptome analysis carried out using the NimbleGen oligonucleotide microarray format. We profiled gene expressions of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, strain MOYO-S (MS, susceptible to dengue virus) and MOYO-R (MR, refractory to dengue virus) at 3 hr and 18 hr after infection with dengue virus (seroptype-2). The test samples were prepared in parallel to the control samples. The control samples were derived from females fed with normal blood that was not mixed with dengue (mock infection). The test samples were prepared from females that were fed with blood mixed with dengue virus (infectious meal). A total of 12 test samples were prepared that represented three biological replicates of dengue infected MS females at 3hr and 18 post-infection times; and MR females at 3hr and 18hr post-infection times. The test samples were compared to a common uninfected control that was prepared by pooling equal amount RNA of the individual control of both strains and both post-infection time points (MS at 3hr, MS at 18 hr, MR at 3hr and MR at 18hr). The control-pool strategy ensured us to identify genes that were responsive in response to dengue infection but not due to genetic differences between the two strains or developmental changes between the two post-infection time points. A total of 3 control pools were used in our array expression studies. Control-1 was prepared from RNA isolated from individual controls set up along with each of the test samples (MS at 3hr, MS at 18 hr, MR at 3hr and MR at 18hr) for the first biological replication. Similarly, control-2 was prepared from individual controls set up along with each of the test samples (MS at 3hr, MS at 18 hr, MR at 3hr and MR at 18hr) for the second biological replication. And control-3 was prepared from individual controls set up along with each of the test samples (MS at 3hr, MS at 18 hr, MR at 3hr and MR at 18hr) for the third biological replication. Thus, the three control pools represented three biological replicates corresponding to the three biological replicates of the test samples.
Project description:JC polyomavirus (circular genome) contains two opposite coding regions separated by the regulator non-coding control region (NCCR). NCCR rearrangements and missense mutations in the viral capsid protein VP1 gene differentiate JCV prototype genomes recovered from PML lesions from archetype urine strains. To further investigate the emerging variability of JCV populations in PML, we deep sequenced JCV whole genome recovered from CNS and/or urine samples from HIV- and non HIV-infected PML patients, using single-molecule real-time sequencing (PacBio, Pacific Biosciences). Phylogenetic analysis showed that PML strains distributed among 6 of 7 known genotypes. Whole genome single molecule sequencing provides insight in the genesis of JCV neurotropic populations.
Project description:Some strains of the inherited bacterium Wolbachia have been shown to be effective at reducing the transmission of dengue and other positive-sense RNA viruses by Aedes aegypti in both laboratory and field settings and are being deployed for dengue control. The degree of virus inhibition varies between Wolbachia strains; density and tissue tropism can contribute to these differences but there are also indications that this is not the only factor involved: for example, strains wAu and wAlbA are maintained at similar densities but only wAu produces strong dengue inhibition. We previously reported perturbations in lipid transport dynamics, including sequestration of cholesterol in lipid droplets, with strains wMel / wMelPop in Ae. aegypti. Here we show that strain wAu does not produce the same cholesterol sequestration phenotype despite displaying strong virus inhibition and moreover, in contrast to wMel, wAu antiviral activity was not rescued by cyclodextrin treatment. To further investigate the cellular basis underlying these differences, proteomic analysis of midguts was carried out on Ae. aegypti lines and revealed that wAu-carrying midguts showed a distinct proteome when compared to Wolbachia-free, wMel- or wAlbA-carrying midguts, in particular with respect to lipid transport and metabolism. The data suggest a possible role for perturbed RNA processing pathways in wAu virus inhibition. Together these results indicate that wAu shows unique features in its inhibition of arboviruses compared to previously characterized Wolbachia strains
Project description:We used RNA-sequencing to identify differentially expressed genes in the midgut of Aedes aegypti that contribute to the field derivied dengue susceptible (Cali-S) and dengue refractory (Cali-R) phenotypes
Project description:Dengue virus is the most common arbovirus worldwide and represents a significant public health concern. To date, chronic Dengue infections have not been previously reported. While investigating the etiology of central nervous system (CNS) disease in a patient presenting with progressive dementia, we elucidated a chronic dengue infection within the CNS. Comprehensive viral immune responses in both serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were profiled by a phage-display assay (VirScan). Enrichment of Dengue viral antibodies were detected in the CSF as compared to the serum. No virus was detected in serum or CSF, but post-mortem analysis confirmed Dengue virus in the brain by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunohistochemistry, RNAscope and sequencing. Dengue virus was detectable by PCR and sequencing from brain biopsy tissue collected 33 months ante-mortem, confirming a chronic infection. Comprehensive antibody profiling assays can aid in the diagnosis of encephalitis of unknown etiologies. Our findings suggest that Dengue virus infections may persist in the CNS and should be considered in patients with progressive dementia in endemic regions or with relevant travel history.
Project description:Severe dengue fever is associated with different degrees of liver injury. We used single nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) to analyze the genetic changes in different cells of liver tissue after dengue virus infection.