Stem Cell-Derived Matrices Provide Improved Isolation and Maintenance of hMSC Characteristics
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA488086 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Adult human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have shown promise as a valuable new therapeutic tool in a wide range of diseases. hMSCs from bone marrow stroma are currently isolated by their adherence to tissue culture treated polystyrene (TCP) and passaged multiple times on the same plastics until they are able to produce enough cells to be useful for research or clinical therapeutic trials. However, evidence in the literature has shown that culture on TCP can negatively alter hMSC function. Our aim was to expand hMSCs in an in vitro environment more closely resembling that of the hMSCs' native microenvironment to maximize proliferation while retaining therapeutic potential. We used decellularized hMSC-derived extracellular matrix (hMSC-ECM) to test hMSCs' maintenance of stem cell properties during in vitro expansion. We found that hMSC-ECM was able to increase hMSC proliferation while retaining the stem cells‘ immature state and increasing differentiation potential. In addition, the hMSC-ECM could be covalently cross-linked to polymer substrates and was effective in the isolation and expansion of hMSCs in the presence of fetal bovine serum and human serum. Using proteomics and transcriptomics, we were able to determine the mechanism behind the hMSCs’ increased proliferation was due to their ability to downregulate their otherwise required gene expression for ECM proteins by on hMSC-ECM. The effects of hMSC-ECM were largely hMSC specific and were not found with several other types of human cells. Providing a pre-formed in vitro niche for hMSCs can provide the cells with the critical components required for hMSC function during in vitro expansion.
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Project description:We aimed in this study to identify the differentially regulated genes by Dlk1 in hMSC cells using microarray technology in order to gain a better understanding of Dlk1-mediated signaling pathways during hMSC differentiation. Both control (hMSC-TERT)(not expressing Dlk1) and Dlk1 overexpressing cells (hMSC-Dlk1) were cultured in triplicate at 3×104 cells/cm2 in Petri-dish in standard growth medium. At 90-100% confluence, highly purified total cellular RNA was isolated from each of three independent cultures per cell line using RNeasy Kit (QIAGEN Nordic, West Sussex, UK) according to the manufacturer?s instructions
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Project description:Differentiation of human skeletal stem cells (hMSC) into osteoblasts is regulated by a few well described transcription factors. Our study used clustering and gene expression data to identify a novel transcription factor. ZNF25, which we showed is involved in osteoblast differentiation. We used microarrays to study gene expression of hMSC-TERT4 cells after siZNF25 knockdown. hMSC-TERT4 cells were sampled as undifferentiated hMSC and as differentiated osteoblasts.
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Project description:Differentiation of human skeletal stem cells (hMSC) into osteoblasts is regulated by a few well described transcription factors. Our study used clustering and gene expression data to identify a novel transcription factor. ZNF25, which we showed is involved in osteoblast differentiation. We used microarrays to study gene expression of hMSC-TERT4 cells during osteoblast differentiation.
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Project description:The methodology for the repair of critical-sized or non-union bone lesions has unpredictable efficacy due in part to our incomplete knowledge of bone repair and the biocompatibility of bone substitutes. Although human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) differentiate into osteoblasts, which promote bone growth, their ability to repair bone has been unpredictable. We hypothesized that given the multi-stage process of osteogenesis, hMSC-mediated repair might be maximal at a specific time-point of healing. Utilizing a mouse model of calvarial healing, we demonstrate that the osteo-repair capacity of hMSCs can be substantially augmented by treatment with an inhibitor of peroxisome-proliferator-activated-receptor-γ, but efficacy is confined to the rapid osteogenic phase. Upon entry into the bone-remodeling phase, hMSC retention signals are lost, resulting in truncation of healing. To solve this limitation, we prepared a scaffold consisting of hMSC-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) containing the necessary biomolecules for extended site-specific hMSC retention. When inhibitor-treated hMSCs were co-administered with ECM, they remained at the injury well into the remodeling phase of healing, which resulted in reproducible and complete repair of critical-sized defects in 3 weeks. These data suggest that hMSC-derived ECM and inhibitor-treated hMSCs could be employed at optimal times to substantially and reproducibly improve bone repair. To gain insight into the superior healing potential of GW-hMSCs and also what might be accounting for their extended engraftment, microarray analyses on the RNA extracted from the calvarial tissue recovered after days 5 and 14 were performed. Equal amounts of total RNA from 4 animals per group and time point were pooled and animals receiving control (DMSO) or peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma inhibitor GW9662-treated hMSCs were compared with the assumption that murine cross-hybridization would be constant throughout the samples and thus be subtracted from the analysis.
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Project description:Accumulating evidence indicates the close association between the circadian clock and the aging process. However, it is unclear whether and how the circadian clock proteins regulate stem cell aging. Here, we identified a noncanonical transcriptional activator-independent role of CLOCK, a core component of the molecular circadian clock machinery, in counteracting human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) senescence. CLOCK expression was decreased during hMSC aging. In addition, CLOCK deficiency accelerated hMSC senescence, whereas CLOCK overexpression attenuated physiological and pathological hMSC senescence. Mechanistic studies revealed that CLOCK formed complexes with nuclear lamina proteins and KAP1, thus maintaining heterochromatin architecture and stabilizing genomic repetitive sequences. Finally, gene therapy with lentiviral vectors encoding CLOCK promoted cartilage regeneration and attenuated age-related osteoarthritis in mice. These findings reveal a novel role of CLOCK independent of its transcriptional activation activity in the stabilization of heterochromatin and alleviation of hMSC senescence, providing a potential therapeutic target for treating aging-associated articular degeneration.
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Project description:The methodology for the repair of critical-sized or non-union bone lesions has unpredictable efficacy due in part to our incomplete knowledge of bone repair and the biocompatibility of bone substitutes. Although human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) differentiate into osteoblasts, which promote bone growth, their ability to repair bone has been unpredictable. We hypothesized that given the multi-stage process of osteogenesis, hMSC-mediated repair might be maximal at a specific time-point of healing. Utilizing a mouse model of calvarial healing, we demonstrate that the osteo-repair capacity of hMSCs can be substantially augmented by treatment with an inhibitor of peroxisome-proliferator-activated-receptor-γ, but efficacy is confined to the rapid osteogenic phase. Upon entry into the bone-remodeling phase, hMSC retention signals are lost, resulting in truncation of healing. To solve this limitation, we prepared a scaffold consisting of hMSC-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) containing the necessary biomolecules for extended site-specific hMSC retention. When inhibitor-treated hMSCs were co-administered with ECM, they remained at the injury well into the remodeling phase of healing, which resulted in reproducible and complete repair of critical-sized defects in 3 weeks. These data suggest that hMSC-derived ECM and inhibitor-treated hMSCs could be employed at optimal times to substantially and reproducibly improve bone repair.
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