Project description:Mononuclear phagocytes promote injury and repair following myocardial infarction but discriminating functions within mixed populations remains challenging. We utilized fate mapping and single cell RNA-sequencing to delineate fate specification trajectories of heterogeneous cardiac macrophage subpopulations. In steady state, TIMD4 expression tracked with a dominant resident cardiac macrophage subset that persisted via in situ self-renewal with minimal monocyte input. Following ischemic injury, monocytes displayed significant plasticity, ultimately adopting transcriptional states similar to resident macrophages, but also multiple unique states. Ischemic injury reduced resident macrophage abundance within infarct tissue, and despite transcriptional similarity, TIMD4 expression distinguished resident from recruited macrophages. Specific lineage-based depletion of resident cardiac macrophages resulted in depressed cardiac function and adverse remodeling primarily within the peri-infarct zone, the only region of the myocardium where resident macrophages expanded numerically following injury. Together, these data highlight a non-redundant, cardioprotective role of resident cardiac macrophages, and the diverse transcriptional fates recruited monocytes can adopt.
Project description:Macrophages promote both injury and repair after myocardial infarction, but discriminating functions within mixed populations remains challenging. Here we used fate mapping, parabiosis and single-cell transcriptomics to demonstrate that at steady state, TIMD4+LYVE1+MHC-IIloCCR2- resident cardiac macrophages self-renew with negligible blood monocyte input. Monocytes partially replaced resident TIMD4-LYVE1-MHC-IIhiCCR2- macrophages and fully replaced TIMD4-LYVE1-MHC-IIhiCCR2+ macrophages, revealing a hierarchy of monocyte contribution to functionally distinct macrophage subsets. Ischemic injury reduced TIMD4+ and TIMD4- resident macrophage abundance, whereas CCR2+ monocyte-derived macrophages adopted multiple cell fates within infarcted tissue, including those nearly indistinguishable from resident macrophages. Recruited macrophages did not express TIMD4, highlighting the ability of TIMD4 to track a subset of resident macrophages in the absence of fate mapping. Despite this similarity, inducible depletion of resident macrophages using a Cx3cr1-based system led to impaired cardiac function and promoted adverse remodeling primarily within the peri-infarct zone, revealing a nonredundant, cardioprotective role of resident cardiac macrophages.
Project description:Affymetrix microarray analysis of molecular changes after myocardial infarction. Samples of heart tissue were analyzed after myocardial infarction from WT and reg3beta knock-out mice. Samples from scar tissue and samples adjacent to the scar were analyzed. In the experiment we primarily compared infarction zone of wild-type to infarction zone of knock-out animals, and remote zone of wild-type to remote zone of knock-outs.
Project description:We report that ablation of the serotonin 2B receptor in periostin-expressing cells improves cardiac structure and function following myocardial infarction. We isolated PDGFRa expressing cells during the fibrotic healing phase after injury, and show that these cells have alterations in the expression of genes controlling cell cycle progression as well as a few markers of cell adhesion and migration.
Project description:Despite a substantial progress in diagnosis and therapy, acute myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of mortality in the general population. A novel insight into the pathophysiology of myocardial infarction obtained by studying gene expression should help to discover novel biomarkers of MI and to suggest novel strategies of therapy. The aim of our study was to establish gene expression patterns in leukocytes from acute myocardial infarction patients. ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction alters expression of several groups of genes. On admission, several genes and pathways that could be directly or indirectly linked with lipid/glucose metabolism, platelet function and atherosclerotic plaque stability were affected (signaling of PPAR, IL-10, IL-6). Analysis at discharge highlighted specific immune response (upregulation of immunoglobulins). Highly significant and substantial upregulation of SOCS3 and FAM20 genes expression in the first 4-6 days of myocardial infarction in all patients is the most robust observation of our work Twenty-eight patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) were included. The blood was collected on the 1st day of myocardial infarction, after 4-6 days, and after 6 months. Control group comprised 14 patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD), without history of myocardial infarction. Gene expression analysis was performed with Affymetrix GeneChipM-BM-. Human Gene 1.0 ST microarrays and GCS3000 TG system.
Project description:Survivors of myocardial infarction are at increased risk for vascular dementia. Neuroinflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of vascular dementia, yet little is known about the cellular and molecular mediators of neuroinflammation after myocardial infarction. Using a mouse model of myocardial infarction coupled with flow cytometric analyses and immunohistochemistry, we discovered increased monocyte abundance in the brain after myocardial infarction, which was associated with increases in brain-resident perivascular macrophages and microglia. Myeloid cell recruitment and activation was also observed in post-mortem brains of humans that died after myocardial infarction. Spatial and single cell transcriptomic profiling of brain-resident myeloid cells after experimental myocardial infarction revealed increased expression of monocyte chemoattractant proteins. In parallel, myocardial infarction increased crosstalk between brain-resident myeloid cells and oligodendrocytes, leading to neuroinflammation, white matter injury, and cognitive dysfunction. Inhibition of monocyte recruitment preserved white matter integrity and cognitive function, linking monocytes to neurodegeneration after myocardial infarction. Together, these preclinical and clinical results demonstrate that monocyte infiltration into the brain after myocardial infarction initiate neuropathological events that lead to vascular dementia.