Project description:To assess gene expression by APOL1 genotypes in primary proximal tubule cells (PTCs), global gene expression (mRNA) levels were examined on Affymetrix HTA 2.0 arrays in primary PTCs cultured from non-diseased kidney in African Americans without CKD who underwent nephrectomy for localized renal cell carcinoma.
Project description:To assess differential gene expression by APOL1 renal-risk (2 risk alleles) vs. non-risk (G0G0) genotypes in primary proximal tubule cells (PTCs), global gene expression (mRNA) levels were examined on Affymetrix HTA 2.0 arrays in primary PTCs cultured from non-diseased kidney in African Americans without CKD who underwent nephrectomy for localized renal cell carcinoma. To detect differentially expressed gene profiles attributable to APOL1 renal-risk genotypes, African American primary proximal tubule cells with two APOL1 renal-risk alleles (N=5) and lacking renal-risk alleles (N=25) were included in comparisons of global gene expression.
Project description:To elucidate pathways whereby apolipoprotein L1 gene (APOL1) G1 and G2 variants facilitate kidney disease in African Americans, human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293) were used to establish doxycycline-inducible (Tet-on) cell lines stably expressing reference APOL1 G0 and its G1 and G2 renal-risk variants. Illumina human HT-12-v4 arrays and Affymetrix HTA 2.0 arrays were employed to generate global gene expression data with doxycycline induction. Significantly altered pathways identified through bioinformatics involved mitochondrial function; results were validated using immunoblotting, immunofluorescence and functional assays. Global gene expression profiles were performed on HEK293 Tet-on G0, G1, G2 and empty vector cells with and without Dox induction using Illumina human HT-12 v4 arrays. Another independent gene expression array system, Affymetrix HTA 2.0, was used to verify the results of Illumina arrays. Pair-wise and pattern-based analyses were applied to detect the mostly impacted pathways due to overexpression and by APOL1 genotypes.
Project description:To elucidate pathways whereby apolipoprotein L1 gene (APOL1) G1 and G2 variants facilitate kidney disease in African Americans, human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293) were used to establish doxycycline-inducible (Tet-on) cell lines stably expressing reference APOL1 G0 and its G1 and G2 renal-risk variants. Illumina human HT-12-v4 arrays and Affymetrix HTA 2.0 arrays were employed to generate global gene expression data with doxycycline induction. Significantly altered pathways identified through bioinformatics involved mitochondrial function; results were validated using immunoblotting, immunofluorescence and functional assays.
Project description:To assess differential gene expression by APOL1 renal-risk (2 risk alleles) vs. non-risk (G0G0) genotypes in primary proximal tubule cells (PTCs), global gene expression (mRNA) levels were examined on Affymetrix HTA 2.0 arrays in primary PTCs cultured from non-diseased kidney in African Americans without CKD who underwent nephrectomy for localized renal cell carcinoma.
Project description:To elucidate pathways whereby apolipoprotein L1 gene (APOL1) G1 and G2 variants facilitate kidney disease in African Americans, human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293) were used to establish doxycycline-inducible (Tet-on) cell lines stably expressing reference APOL1 G0 and its G1 and G2 renal-risk variants. Illumina human HT-12-v4 arrays and Affymetrix HTA 2.0 arrays were employed to generate global gene expression data with doxycycline induction. Significantly altered pathways identified through bioinformatics involved mitochondrial function; results were validated using immunoblotting, immunofluorescence and functional assays.
Project description:African Americans develop end-stage renal disease at a higher rate compared to European Americans due to two polymorphisms (G1 and G2 risk variants) in the apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) gene that are common in people of African ancestry. Not all homozygous risk allele carriers, however, develop renal disease suggesting that modifying factors (“second hits”) are required. Although the compelling genetic evidence provides an exciting opportunity for personalized medicine in chronic kidney disease (CKD), drug discovery efforts have been greatly hindered by the fact that APOL1 expression is limited to humans and select nonhuman primates. We describe a novel physiologically-relevant genomic mouse model of APOL1-associated renal disease that expresses human APOL1 from the endogenous human promoter, resulting in expression in similar tissues and at similar relative levels as humans. While naïve genomic APOL1 transgenic mice did not exhibit a renal disease phenotype, a single administration of IFNγ was sufficient to robustly induce proteinuria only in APOL1 G1 transgenic mice, despite inducing kidney APOL1 expression in both G0 and G1 mice, serving as a clinically-relevant “second hit.” We also report on the discovery of the first APOL1 inhibitor, IONIS-APOL1Rx, a Generation 2.5 antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) targeting APOL1 mRNA. Treatment of APOL1 G1 mice with IONIS-APOL1Rx prior to IFNγ challenge robustly and dose-dependently inhibited kidney and liver APOL1 expression and protected against IFNγ-induced proteinuria, indicating that the disease-relevant cell types are sensitive to ASO treatment. Collectively, these data suggest that IONIS-APOL1Rx may be an effective therapeutic for APOL1 nephropathies and warrants further development.