Osteoclast response to low extracellular sodium
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA526614 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:RAW 264.7 murine osteoclastic cells were cultured with recombinant cytokines (RANKL and M-CSF) in culture medium with normal sodium (NS; Na=140 mmol/l) and low sodium and reduced sodium (Na=120 mmol.l) while maintaining normal ostmolality with the addition of mannitol. After 24 hours, total RNA was extracted using PureLink kit (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) according to manufacturer’s instructions, and purified using the Rneasy Mini Kit (Invitrogen). 5 µg RNA from each sample was converted into biotin-labeled cDNA and hybridized to GeneChip Mouse Genome 430 2.0 arrays containing 45,101 probe sets corresponding to known genes and expressed sequence tags. Total RNA was extracted using PureLink kit (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) according to manufacturer’s instructions, and purified using the Rneasy Mini Kit (Invitrogen). 5 µg RNA from each sample was converted into biotin-labeled cDNA and hybridized to GeneChip Mouse Genome 430 2.0 arrays containing 45,101 probe sets corresponding to known genes and expressed sequence tags.
2022-08-09 | GSE128152 | GEO
Project description:Gene expression analysisi by next generation sequencer revealed osteoclast diferentiation after the addition of PC3M-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) with or without RANKL. Finally, we found that PC3M-derived EVs promote osteoclast differentiation in the presence of RNAKL.
2022-04-04 | GSE199912 | GEO
Project description:To gain insight into the microRNA expression profile of small extracellular vesicles derived from bone metabolism related cell types and to verify their mechanism, we utilized the miRNA sequencing technology to analyze the miRNA profiles of different mouse osteoblast and osteoclast cell derived small extracellular vesicles.
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Project description:miRNA profiling of mouse kidney cortex comparing control vs. low sodium diet + captopril treatment to induce renin expression.
2012-02-25 | GSE31779 | GEO
Project description:Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) is a bone-derived hormone that has recently received much attention due to its association with the progression of chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, and associated mortality. Extracellular sodium ion concentration ([Na+]) plays a significant role in bone metabolism. Both hyponatremia (low serum [Na+]) and hypernatremia (high serum [Na+]) have been shown to affect bone remodeling. However, nothing is known about the impact of [Na+] on FGF23 production. Here, we show that elevated [Na+] (by +20 mM) suppressed FGF23 formation, whereas low [Na+] (by -20 mM) led to an increase in FGF23 synthesis in the osteoblast-like cell line UMR-106. Similar bidirectional changes in FGF23 were observed when osmolality was altered by mannitol but not by urea, suggesting a role of tonicity in FGF23 formation. Moreover, these changes in FGF23 were inversely proportional to the expression of NFAT5 (nuclear factor of activated T cells-5), a transcription factor responsible for tonicity-mediated cellular adaptations. On the other hand, arginine vasopressin (AVP), which is often responsible for hyponatremia, did not affect FGF23 production. Next, comprehensive and unbiased RNA-seq analysis of UMR-106 cells exposed to low vs. high [Na+] revealed several novel genes involved in cellular adaptation to altered tonicity. Additional analysis of cells with Crisp-Cas9 mediated NFAT5 deletion indicated that NFAT5 controls numerous genes associated with FGF23 synthesis, thereby confirming its role in [Na+]-mediated FGF23 regulation. In line with these findings, in a pilot study, we found that human hyponatremic patients have higher FGF23 levels. Our results suggest that [Na+] is a critical regulator of FGF23 synthesis.
2023-06-23 | GSE235694 | GEO
Project description:miRNA profiling of mouse kidney cortex comparing control vs. low sodium diet + captopril treatment to induce renin expression. Two condition experiment: control vs treated; biological replicates: individual mice - 3 control, 3 treated. One replicate per array.
2012-02-25 | E-GEOD-31779 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Enhanced osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast activity contribute to the development of osteoporosis, which is characterized by increased bone resorption and inadequate bone formation. As novel anti-osteoporotic therapeutics are needed, understanding the genetic regulation of human osteoclastogenesis could help identify potential treatment targets. This study aimed to provide an overview of the transcriptional reprogramming during human osteoclast differentiation. Osteoclasts were differentiated from CD14+-monocytes from eight female donors. RNA-sequencing during differentiation demonstrated 8980 differentially expressed genes grouped into eight temporal patterns conserved across donors. These patterns showed distinct molecular functions, associated with postmenopausal osteoporosis susceptibility genes based on RNA from iliac crest biopsies, and bone mineral density SNPs. Network analyses showed mutual dependencies between the temporal expression patterns and provides insight into subtype-specific transcriptional networks. Donor specific expression patterns identified genes at monocyte stage, such as filamin B (FLNB) and oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1 (OLR1, encoding LOX-1), that are predictive for the resorptive activity of mature osteoclasts. Differentially expressed G-protein coupled receptors showed strong expression during osteoclast differentiation and associated with bone mineral density SNPs, implying a pivotal role in osteoclast differentiation and activity. The regulatory effects of three differentially expressed G-protein coupled receptors were exemplified by in vitro pharmacological modulation of complement 5A receptor 1 (C5AR1), somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2), and free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFAR4/GPR120). Activating C5AR1 enhanced osteoclast formation, while activating SSTR2 decreased resorptive activity of mature osteoclasts, and activating FFAR4 decreased both number and resorptive activity of mature osteoclasts. In conclusion, we report the transcriptional reprogramming during human osteoclast differentiation and identified SSTR2 and FFAR4 as anti-resorptive G-protein coupled receptors as well as FLNB and LOX-1 as potential molecular markers of osteoclast activity. These data can help future investigations to identify molecular regulators of osteoclast differentiation and activity and provide the basis for novel anti-osteoporotic targets.
2023-11-05 | GSE246769 | GEO
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| PRJNA644410 | ENA
Project description:Intercellular communication is essential in bone remodelling to ensure that new bone is formed with only temporary bone loss. Monocytes and osteoclasts actively take part in controlling bone remodelling by providing signals that promote osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have attracted attention as regulators of bone remodelling. EVs facilitate intercellular communication by transferring a complex cargo of biologically active molecules to target cells. In the present study, we evaluated the potency of EVs from monocytes and osteoclasts to induce a lineage-specific response in MSCs. We analysed gene expression and protein secretion by both adipose tissue-derived MSCs and bone marrow-derived MSCs after stimulation with EVs from lipopolysaccharide-activated primary human monocytes and (mineral-resorbing) osteoclasts. Isolated EVs were enriched in exosomes (EVs of endosomal origin) and were free of cell debris. Monocyte- and osteoclast-derived EVs were taken up by adipose tissue-derived MSCs. EVs from activated monocytespromoted the secretion of cytokines by MSCs, which may represent an immunomodulatory mechanism. Monocyte-derived EVs also upregulated the expression of genes encoding for matrix metalloproteinases. Therefore, we hypothesize that monocytes facilitate tissue remodelling through EV-mediated signalling. We did not observe a significant effect of osteoclast-derived EVs on gene expression or protein secretion in MSCs. EV-mediated signalling might represent an additional mode of cell-cell signalling during the transition from injury and inflammation to bone regeneration and play an important role in the coupling between bone resorption and bone formation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
2018-05-17 | GSE102401 | GEO
Project description:The mechanisms by which the epidermis responds to disturbances in barrier function and restores homeostasis are unknown. With a disruption of the epidermal barrier, water is lost resulting in an increase in extracellular sodium concentration. We demonstrate that the sodium channel Nax functions as the sodium sensor. With increased extracellular sodium, Nax up-regulates prostasin which results in activation of the sodium channel ENaC, resulting in increased sodium flux and increased downstream mRNA synthesis of inflammatory mediators. The same pathways are present in lung epithelial cells. A signal transduction pathway mediated directly through Nax and secondarily through ENaC results in production of secretory inflammatory mediators. These mediators result in epithelial proliferation and restoration of epidermal homeostasis, but can also have negative effects including excess inflammation and ultimately leads to activation of fibroblasts.
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