Genomic Signatures Reveal DNA Damage Response Deficiency in Brain Metastases of Colorectal Cancer
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA546551 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Similar Datasets
Project description:Brain metastases (BM) of colorectal cancer (CRC) are rare but lethal, and an understanding of their genomic landscape is lacking. We conduct an analysis of whole-exome sequencing (WES) and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data on 19 trios of patient-matched BMs, primary CRC tumors, and adjacent normal tissue. Compared with primary CRC, BM exhibits elevated mutational signatures of homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) and mismatch repair deficiency (MMRD). Further analysis reveals two DNA damage response (DDR) signatures could emerge early and are enhanced in BM tissues but are eliminated eventually in matched primary CRC tissues. BM-specific mutations in DDR genes and elevated microsatellite instability (MSI) levels support the importance of DDR in the brain metastasis of CRC. We also identify BM-related genes (e.g., SCN7A, SCN5A, SCN2A, IKZF1, and PDZRN4) that carry frequent BM-specific mutations. These results provide a better understanding of the BM mutational landscape and insights into treatment.
| S-EPMC6639368 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We performed RNA-Seq on primary colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues and brain metastatic tissues from two CRC patients. Differential expression analysis was conducted to find genes associated with brain metastasis.
2019-06-06 | GSE132226 | GEO
Project description:Brain metastasis (BM) of colorectal cancer (CRC) is rare but lethal, and lacks effective therapies or a good understanding of its genomic landscapes. We conduct an analysis of whole-exome sequencing (WES) and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data on 19 trios of patient-matched BMs, primary CRC tumors, and adjacent normal tissue to (1) document genomic signatures during the evolution of CRC BM; (2) identify clinically actionable targets for the BM treatment; and (3) identify potential drivers in CRC BM.
| EGAS00001003659 | EGA
Project description:mRNA sequencing by Lexogen Quantseq 3 prime of colorectal liver metastases
| PRJEB35154 | ENA
Project description:Jailkhani N, Clauser KR, Mak H, Rickelt S, Tian C, Whittaker CA, Tanabe KK, Purdy SR, Carr SA, and Hynes RO.2022.
Metastases are hard to detect and treat, and cause most cancer-related deaths. The relative lack of therapies targeting metastases represents a major unmet clinical need. The extracellular matrix or ECM forms a major component of the tumor microenvironment in both primary and metastatic tumors and certain ECM proteins can be selectively and abundantly expressed in such tumors. We propose that nanobodies against ECM proteins that show selective abundance in metastases can be used as vehicles for delivery of imaging and therapeutic cargoes. To gain a deeper understanding of the microenvironment of human metastases, we describe here an LC-MS/MS-based ECM signature shared by human TNBC and CRC metastases to different organs and provide evidence that this conserved set of ECM proteins is selectively elevated in other tumors. We also describe phage-display libraries of nanobodies raised against ECM-enriched preparations from human metastases from TNBC and CRC. As proof of concept, we developed selective and specific, high-affinity nanobodies against an example signature protein, Tenascin-C (TNC), known to be abundant in many tumor types and to play a role in metastases. We report that TNC is abundantly expressed in patient metastases and widely expressed across diverse metastatic sites originating from several primary tumor types. Using immuno-PET/CT we showed that anti-TNC nanobodies bind TNBC tumors and metastases with excellent specificity. We propose that such generic anti-tumor nanobodies are promising cancer-agnostic, in vivo tools for the delivery of therapeutics to tumor and metastatic ECM.
2022-03-28 | MSV000089136 | MassIVE
Project description:Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common and second most deadly cancer worldwide. Treatments for metastatic CRC (mCRC) are still largely based on toxic chemotherapy regimens, but important insights into tumor biology enabled the development of targeted cancer therapies. Here, we describe a proteogenomic analysis of CRC liver metastases (metastatic CRC, mCRC), an ideal setting to analyze therapeutic resistance which occurs in a short time frame. We selected liver metastases from two CRC patients on both of which we performed deep proteome profiling and WES and RNAseq-directed database searches, identifying 10 predicted muttaions, one of which was KRAS G12V. finding we generated targeted parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) assays using stable isotope labelled standard (SIS) peptides to quantify the actual concentration (fmol per µg of total protein) of the mutated and canonical (wildtype) protein variants for 8 different mutations. We demonstrate on a total of 8 tumor and 6 paired healthy tissue samples (7 and 6 out of these KRASG12V) that PRM allows quantifying the actual mutation rate on the protein level from as little 10 µg of total protein starting amount and within a single 1 hour nano-LC-MS/MS run.
2019-12-04 | PXD014222 | Pride
Project description:Comparison of genomic alterations of primary colorectal cancers with liver metastases of the same patient Keywords: array CGH, colorectal cancer, colon cancer, liver metastasis 21 primary colorectal cancers and 21 matched liver metastases hybridized against sex-matched control pools
2010-07-07 | E-GEOD-10179 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Analyses of Resected Human Brain Metastases of Breast Cancer Reveal the Association between Up-Regulation of Hexokinase 2 and Poor Prognosis. Brain metastases of breast cancer seem to be increasing in incidence as systemic therapy improves. Metastatic disease in the brain is associated with high morbidity and mortality. We present the first gene expression analysis of laser-captured epithelial cells from resected human brain metastases of breast cancer compared with unlinked primary breast tumors. The tumors were matched for histology, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, and hormone receptor status. Most differentially expressed genes were down-regulated in the brain metastases, which included, surprisingly, many genes associated with metastasis. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis confirmed statistically significant differences or strong trends in the expression of six genes: BMP1, PEDF, LAMγ3, SIAH, STHMN3, and TSPD2. Hexokinase 2 (HK2) was also of interest because of its increased expression in brain metastases. HK2 is important in glucose metabolism and apoptosis. In agreement with our microarray results, HK2 levels (both mRNA and protein) were elevated in a brain metastatic derivative (231-BR) of the human breast carcinoma cell line MDA-MB-231 relative to the parental cell line (231-P) in vitro. Knockdown of HK2 expression in 231-BR cells using short hairpin RNA reduced cell proliferation when cultures were maintained in glucose-limiting conditions. Finally, HK2 expression was analyzed in a cohort of 123 resected brain metastases of breast cancer. High HK2 expression was significantly associated with poor patient survival after craniotomy (P = 0.028). The data suggest that HK2 overexpression is associated with metastasis to the brain in breast cancer and it may be a therapeutic target. Common reference design, disease state design.
2010-01-21 | E-GEOD-20016 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Here we analyze the transcriptional profiles of liver metastases formed by sgCtrl versus sgITPR3 SW480 colorectal cancer cells. We find downregulated genes in sgITPR3 SW480 metastases to be enriched for pathways related to immune response and non-canonical NFkB signaling.
2022-08-17 | GSE182257 | GEO
Project description:Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a minority population of cancer cells that display stem cell-like multipotent and self-renewal properties. They give rise to the bulk of cancer cells with limited replicative potential. In colorectal cancer (CRC), CSCs are marked by expression of the leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein receptor 5 (Lgr5). Since CSCs display multipotent and self-renewal properties, this population is thought to seed metastases. Here, we used a mouse model and human xenografts to investigate the cell-of-origin of metastases. Surprisingly, we found that most CRC cells that disseminated and entered the blood circulation were Lgr5-. Lgr5- cancer cells arriving at the metastatic site formed lesions in which Lgr5+ CSCs appeared. This plasticity could occur independently of stemness-inducing factors, and was an indispensable event for the outgrowth of metastases, since neutralization of this plasticity prevented metastatic outgrowth. Combined, our study shows that most metastases are seeded by Lgr5- cancer cells, and that these cells have a niche-independent and intrinsic capacity to become CSCs and restore epithelial hierarchy.
2020-03-18 | GSE143988 | GEO