Project description:The unique fat storage and metabolic characteristics of goose liver is an important model for studying lipid metabolism in animals or humans. In this study, RNA sequencing technology was used to obtain the liver transcriptome of Sichuan white goose with significant weight difference in the same population, and differentially expressed genes and their pathways were identified, which may help to understand the mechanism of goose weight change. In addition, the identified candidate genes may be useful for molecular breeding of geese.
Project description:The experiment was conducted at the Kołuda Wielka Experimental Station of the National Research Institute of Animal Production (Kołuda Wielka, Poland). All birds were kept in semi-intensive rearing system according to the oat-fattening technology. At 15.5 weeks of age, 8 geese were selected and divided into two groups (n=4) depending on final body weight. Group I (light) were geese with the flock average weight of 7,10 kg, group II (heavy) consisted of geese with above-average growth potential, which achieved a body weight of 7,95 kg during the same time. Up to 20 min after slaughter, the whole pituitary and hypothalamus were collected and stabilized in RNAlater solution to RNA isolation purpose.
Project description:Geese have a high tolerance of massive energy intake and exhibit little pathological development. We assessed phenotypes and transcriptomes of Tianfu geese to investigate the dynamic expression network behind goose adipogenesis. Goose liver exhibited higher fat accumulation than adipose tissues during fattening. We identified differentially expressed genes that function in several important lipid metabolism pathways, immune response, regulation of cancer, and differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs that might be involved in regulation of these pathways. We found that genes like BGE1 and SCD, which have key roles in glycolysis and synthesis of fatty acids, had higher fold change in liver than in adipose tissue. we suppose that the evolutionary split from mammals in adipogenesis is a result of adaptive evolution to long-distance migration.
Project description:Most individuals do not maintain weight loss, and weight regain increases cardio-metabolic risk beyond that of obesity. Adipose inflammation directly contributes to insulin resistance; however, immune-related changes that occur with weight loss and weight regain are not well understood. Single cell RNA-sequencing was completed with CITE-sequencing and biological replicates to profile changes in murine immune subpopulations following obesity, weight loss, and weight cycling. Weight loss normalized glucose tolerance, however, type 2 immune cells did not repopulate adipose following weight loss. Many inflammatory populations persisted with weight loss and increased further following weight regain. Obesity drove T cell exhaustion and broad increases in antigen presentation, lipid handing, and inflammation that persisted with weight loss and weight cycling. This work provides critical groundwork for understanding the immunological causes of weight cycling-accelerated metabolic disease.
Project description:Lion-head goose is the only large goose species in China, and it was one of the largest goose species in the world. Our previous study firstly reported a chromosome-level genome assembly of Lion-head goose (Anser cygnoides), a native breed in South China, through the combination of PacBio, Bionano, and Hi-C technologies. The fat content of foie gras is augmented during its preparation due to the special feeding regimen. Lion-head geese have a strong tolerance of massive energy intake and show a priority of fat accumulation in liver tissue. In this study, we studied for the first time the important differential genes that regulate fatty liver in Lion-head goose. After high-intake feeding, the fatty livers of Lion-head geese were distinctly characterized. The revelation of gene regulation is an important basis for the study of liver development and molecular characteristics for the Lion-head goose. To analyze the excellent fatty liver performance of Lion-head goose at the molecular level, we performed whole transcriptome analysis by high-throughput RNA sequencing to analyze the key regulatory genes that determine the fatty livers in high-intake feeding group compared with the normal livers in normally-fed Lion-head geese. We identified 716 differentially expressed mRNAs, 145 differentially expressed circRNAs, and 39 differentially expressed lncRNAs in the fatty livers in high-intake feeding group compared with the normal livers in normally-fed Lion-head geese, including upregulated and downregulated genes, respectively. GO enrichment analysis showed that these genes were significantly enriched in molecular function, involved in extracellular regions, DNA-binding transcription factor activity, extracellular matrix, heme binding and other life activities. We chose differentially expressed genes involved in either upregulation or downregulation, and we additionally confirmed the accuracy of sequencing at the RNA level. In summary, our research suggested that these differentially expressed genes may play important roles in fatty liver development in Lion-head goose. However, the functions and mechanisms of these significantly differentially expressed genes should be investigated in future studies.
Project description:Multiomics reveals persistence of obesity-associated immune cell phenotypes in adipose tissue during weight loss and subsequent weight regain