The sulfur stress response caused by sodium hydrosulfide, allicin and diallyl polysulfanes in Bacillus subtilis as revealed by transcriptomics
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PROVIDER: PRJNA549613 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:In this study, we compared the transcriptome signatures in response to sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), allicin and diallyl tetrasulfane (DAS4) exposure in the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis. This analysis revealed that NaHS, allicin and DAS4 caused a similar thiol-specific oxidative and electrophile stress response as well as protein and DNA damage.
2019-11-18 | GSE132981 | GEO
Project description:In this study, we compared the transcriptome signatures under allicin and diallyl tetrasulfane (DAS4) exposure in the Gram-positive bacterium B. subtilis. We further used shotgun proteomics to unravel the overall S-thioallylomes provoked by allicin and DAS4. Allicin and DAS4 caused a similar thiol-specific oxidative and electrophile stress response, protein and DNA damage in the transcriptome. At the proteome level, we identified in total 108 S-thioallylated proteins under allicin and/or DAS4 stress, while allicin appeared to have a stronger thiolation affect on redox-sensitive proteins. The S-thioallylome includes enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of surfactin (SrfAA, SrfAB), amino acids (SerA, MetE, YxjG, YitJ, CysJ, GlnA, YwaA), nucleotides (PurB, PurC, PyrAB, GuaB), translation factors (EF-Tu, EF-Ts, EF-G), antioxidant enzymes (AhpC, MsrB) as well as redox-sensitive MarR/OhrR and DUF24-family regulators (OhrR, HypR, YodB, CatR). Growth phenotype analysis revealed that the LMW thiol bacillithiol, the thiol-redox regulator Spx as well as the HypR and OhrR regulons confer protection against allicin and DAS4 stress. Altogether, we could show here that allicin and DAS4 cause both an oxidative and sulfur stress response in the transcriptome and widespread S-thioallylation of redox-sensitive proteins in B. subtilis.
2019-12-09 | PXD013607 | Pride
Project description:Accurate nutrient sensing is important for rapid fungal growth and exploitation of available resources. Sulfur is an important nutrient source found in a number of biological macromolecules, including proteins and lipids. The model filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa is capable of utilizing sulfur found in a variety of sources from amino acids to sulfate. During sulfur starvation, the transcription factor CYS-3 is responsible for upregulation of genes involved in sulfur uptake and assimilation. Using a combination of RNA sequencing and DNA affinity purification sequencing, we performed a global survey of the N. crassa sulfur starvation response and the role of CYS-3 in regulating sulfur responsive genes. Along with genes known to be involved in sulfur metabolism, the CYS-3 transcription factor also directly activated the expression of a number of uncharacterized transporter genes, suggesting that regulating sulfur import is an important aspect of regulation by CYS-3. Additionally, CYS-3 directly regulated the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial electron transfer. During sulfur starvation, genes involved in nitrogen metabolism, such as amino acid and nucleic acid metabolic pathways, along with genes encoding proteases and nucleases that are necessary for scavenging nitrogen, were activated. Sulfur starvation also caused changes in the expression of genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, such as those encoding glycosyl hydrolases. Thus, our data suggest a connection between sulfur metabolism and other aspects of cellular metabolism.
2021-07-12 | GSE173890 | GEO
Project description:Spaceflight induces hepatic damage, partially owing to oxidative stress caused by the space environment such as microgravity and space radiation. We examined the roles of anti-oxidative sulfur-containing compounds on hepatic damage after spaceflight. We analyzed the livers of mice on board the International Space Station for 30 days. During spaceflight, half of the mice were exposed to artificial earth gravity (1 g) using centrifugation cages. Sulfur-metabolomics of the livers of mice after spaceflight revealed a decrease in sulfur antioxidants (ergothioneine, glutathione, cysteine, taurine, thiamine, etc.) and their intermediates (cysteine sulfonic acid, hercynine, N-acethylserine, serine, etc.) compared to the controls on the ground. Furthermore, RNA-sequencing showed upregulation of gene sets related to oxidative stress and sulfur metabolism, and downregulation of gene sets related to glutathione reducibility in the livers of mice after spaceflight, compared to controls on the ground. These changes were partially mitigated by exposure to 1 g centrifugation. For the first time, we observed a decrease in sulfur antioxidants based on a comprehensive analysis of the livers of mice after spaceflight. Our data suggest that a decrease in sulfur-containing compounds owing to both microgravity and other spaceflight environments (radiation and stressors) contributes to liver damage after spaceflight.
2023-08-14 | GSE240751 | GEO
Project description:Allicin (diallyl thiosulfinate) from garlic is a highly potent natural antimicrobial substance. It inhibits growth of a variety of microorganisms, among them antibiotic resistant strains. Here, we show that upon exposure to allicin, growth of Escherichia coli is strongly inhibited. Growth inhibition coincides with a significant drop of total sulfhydryl concentrations and induction of the heat shock and oxidative stress response. In contrast to diamide, a potent inducer of disulfide stress, allicin does not induce cystine bond formation in proteins such as cytoplasmically expressed alkaline phosphatase PhoA. We identified and quantified the allicin-induced modification S-allylmercapto-cysteine for a set of cytoplasmic proteins by using a combination of label-free mass spectrometry and differential OxICAT labeling. Activity of isocitrate lyase AceA, an S-allylmercapto-modified candidate protein, is largely inhibited by allicin treatment in vivo. Our results indicate that the mode of action of allicin is a combination of disturbance of the redox balance and inactivation of crucial metabolic enzymes.
2016-03-29 | PXD003158 | Pride
Project description:Allicin (diallyl thiosulfinate) from garlic is a highly potent natural antimicrobial substance. It inhibits growth of a variety of microorganisms, among them antibiotic resistant strains. Here, we show that upon exposure to allicin, growth of Escherichia coli is strongly inhibited. Growth inhibition coincides with a significant drop of total sulfhydryl concentrations and induction of the heat shock and oxidative stress response. In contrast to diamide, a potent inducer of disulfide stress, allicin does not induce cystine bond formation in proteins such as cytoplasmically expressed alkaline phosphatase PhoA. We identified and quantified the allicin-induced modification S-allylmercapto-cysteine for a set of cytoplasmic proteins by using a combination of label-free mass spectrometry and differential OxICAT labeling. Activity of isocitrate lyase AceA, an S-allylmercapto-modified candidate protein, is largely inhibited by allicin treatment in vivo. Our results indicate that the mode of action of allicin is a combination of disturbance of the redox balance and inactivation of crucial metabolic enzymes.
2016-05-02 | PXD003063 | Pride
Project description:Responses of photosynthetic organisms to sulfur starvation include (i) increasing the capacity of the cell for transporting and/or assimilating exogenous sulfate, (ii) restructuring cellular features to conserve sulfur resources, and (iii) modulating metabolic processes and rates of cell growth and division. We used microarray analyses to obtain a genome-level view of changes in mRNA abundances in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii during sulfur starvation. The work confirms and extends upon previous findings showing that sulfur deprivation elicits changes in levels of transcripts for proteins that help scavenge sulfate and economize on the use of sulfur resources. Changes in levels of transcripts encoding members of the light-harvesting polypeptide family, such as LhcSR2, suggest restructuring of the photosynthetic apparatus during sulfur deprivation. There are also significant changes in levels of transcripts encoding enzymes involved in metabolic processes (e.g., carbon metabolism), intracellular proteolysis, and the amelioration of oxidative damage; a marked and sustained increase in mRNAs for a putative vanadium chloroperoxidase and a peroxiredoxin may help prolong survival of C. reinhardtii during sulfur deprivation. Furthermore, many of the sulfur stress-regulated transcripts (encoding polypeptides associated with sulfate uptake and assimilation, oxidative stress, and photosynthetic function) are not properly regulated in the sac1 mutant of C. reinhardtii, a strain that dies much more rapidly than parental cells during sulfur deprivation. Interestingly, sulfur stress elicits dramatic changes in levels of transcripts encoding putative chloroplast-localized chaperones in the sac1 mutant but not in the parental strain. These results suggest various strategies used by photosynthetic organisms during acclimation to nutrient-limited growth. An all pairs experiment design type is where all labeled extracts are compared to every other labeled extract. Keywords: all_pairs
2005-07-28 | GSE3015 | GEO
Project description:The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic causes a major health burden. Garlic organosulfur compounds, such as the diallyl thiosulfinate allicin exert strong antimicrobial activity against various respiratory pathogens. Here, we investigated the antiviral activity of allicin against SARS-CoV-2 in infected Vero E6 and Calu-3 lung cells. Allicin efficiently inhibited viral replication and infectivity in both cell lines. Proteome analyses of infected Calu-3 cells revealed a strong induction of the antiviral interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) signature (e.g. Mx1, IFIT, 2’5’OAS and ISG15), pathways of vesicular transport, tight junctions (KIF5A/B/C, OSBPL2, CLTC1, ARHGAP17) and ubiquitin modification (UBE2L3/5), as well as reprogramming of host metabolism, transcription and translation. Allicin abrogated the ISG host response and reverted the host cellular pathways to Mock levels, confirming the antiviral and immunomodulatory activity of allicin in the host proteome. Thus, biocompatible doses of garlic could be promising for protection of lung cells against SARS-CoV-2.
2021-06-30 | PXD024375 | Pride
Project description:Allicin from garlic is an antimicrobial substance that is effective against several ESKAPE pathogens, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). However, the antimicrobial mode action of allicin has not been revealed in Gram-positive bacteria. Here, we have studied the changes in the transcriptome by Allicin which revealed a thiol-specific oxidative stress response in S. aureus. Using shotgun proteomics, we identified numerous proteins that were modified by protein S-sulfoallylation in S. aureus. Allicin further caused an oxidative shift in the bacillithiol (BSH) redox potential as revealed by Brx-roGFP2 biosensor measurements. In summary, our results revealed that allicin acts via sulfoallylation of Cys residues in proteins causing an impaired redox state in S. aureus.
2022-02-28 | PXD010338 | Pride
Project description:Responses of photosynthetic organisms to sulfur starvation include (i) increasing the capacity of the cell for transporting and/or assimilating exogenous sulfate, (ii) restructuring cellular features to conserve sulfur resources, and (iii) modulating metabolic processes and rates of cell growth and division. We used microarray analyses to obtain a genome-level view of changes in mRNA abundances in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii during sulfur starvation. The work confirms and extends upon previous findings showing that sulfur deprivation elicits changes in levels of transcripts for proteins that help scavenge sulfate and economize on the use of sulfur resources. Changes in levels of transcripts encoding members of the light-harvesting polypeptide family, such as LhcSR2, suggest restructuring of the photosynthetic apparatus during sulfur deprivation. There are also significant changes in levels of transcripts encoding enzymes involved in metabolic processes (e.g., carbon metabolism), intracellular proteolysis, and the amelioration of oxidative damage; a marked and sustained increase in mRNAs for a putative vanadium chloroperoxidase and a peroxiredoxin may help prolong survival of C. reinhardtii during sulfur deprivation. Furthermore, many of the sulfur stress-regulated transcripts (encoding polypeptides associated with sulfate uptake and assimilation, oxidative stress, and photosynthetic function) are not properly regulated in the sac1 mutant of C. reinhardtii, a strain that dies much more rapidly than parental cells during sulfur deprivation. Interestingly, sulfur stress elicits dramatic changes in levels of transcripts encoding putative chloroplast-localized chaperones in the sac1 mutant but not in the parental strain. These results suggest various strategies used by photosynthetic organisms during acclimation to nutrient-limited growth. An all pairs experiment design type is where all labeled extracts are compared to every other labeled extract. Computed
2005-07-28 | E-GEOD-3015 | biostudies-arrayexpress