Project description:We compared PPARg binding sites in BAT and eWAT to identify regulatory elements that contribute to BAT identity and to find an important factor that bind those elements. To this end, we performed PPARg ChIP-seq in both tissues and called each tissue-spsecific binding sites. PPARg ChIP-seq in BAT and eWAT of mice
Project description:Thermogenesis is a promising approach to limit weight gain in response to excess nutrition. In contrast to cold-induced thermogenesis, the molecular and cellular mechanisms of diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) have not been fully characterized. Here, we explored the response of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and beige adipose tissue to high fat diet (HFD) using proteome and phosphoproteome analysis. We observed that after HFD, DIT was only activated in BAT. Furthermore, fatty acid oxidation, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation were also activated in BAT. Nevertheless, most metabolic pathways downregulated in beige adipose tissue. Strikingly, we found that these metabolic changes accompanied with different variation of mitochondria between BAT and beige adipose tissue as well. HFD treatment impaired mitochondrial functions and mitochondrial protein synthesis in beige adipose tissue while it stimulated mitochondrial autophagy in BAT. Together, in BAT, HFD caused increased mitochondrial activity,
Project description:Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a thermogenic organ that protects animals against hypothermia and obesity. BAT derives from the multipotent paraxial mesoderm; however, the identity of embryonic brown fat progenitor cells and regulators of adipogenic commitment are unclear. We identified the transcription factor GATA6 as a selective marker of brown adipogenic progenitor cells. Deletion of Gata6 in the brown fat lineage resulted in a striking loss of BAT. To gain insight into the mechanism by which GATA6 supports BAT development, we performed ChIP-seq for GATA6 from the BAT of embryonic day 15.5 embryos.
Project description:We report that monocytes contribute to the maintenance of BAT macrophages in a dynamic manner at steady state, and allow tissue remodelling during BAT expansion. Using scRNA-Seq, we explored monocyte and macrophage diversity in BAT at steady state and during BAT expansion.
Project description:We compared PPARg binding sites in BAT and eWAT to identify regulatory elements that contribute to BAT identity and to find an important factor that bind those elements. To this end, we performed PPARg ChIP-seq in both tissues and called each tissue-spsecific binding sites.
Project description:Thoracic perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is a unique adipose depot that likely influences vascular function and susceptibility to pathogenesis in obesity and metabolic syndrome. Surprisingly, PVAT has been reported to share characteristics of both brown and white adipose, but a detailed direct comparison to interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT) has not been performed. Here we show by full genome DNA microarray analysis that global gene expression profiles of PVAT are virtually identical to BAT, with equally high expression of Ucp-1, Cidea and other genes known to be uniquely or very highly expressed in BAT. PVAT and BAT also displayed nearly identical phenotypes upon immunohistochemical analysis, and electron microscopy confirmed that PVAT contained multilocular lipid droplets and abundant mitochondria. Compared to white adipose tissue (WAT), PVAT and BAT from C57BL/6 mice fed a high fat diet for 13 weeks had markedly lower expression of immune cell-enriched mRNAs, suggesting resistance to obesity-induced inflammation. Indeed, staining of BAT and PVAT for macrophage markers (F4/80, CD68) in obese mice showed virtually no macrophage infiltration, and FACS analysis of BAT confirmed the presence of very few CD11b+/CD11c+ macrophages in BAT (1.0%) in comparison to WAT (31%). In summary, murine PVAT from the thoracic aorta is virtually identical to interscapular BAT, is resistant to diet-induced macrophage infiltration, and thus may play an important role in protecting the vascular bed from thermal and inflammatory stress. 8-week-old male C57BL6/J mice were fed a normal (ND) or high fat diet (HFD) (Research Diets 12451, 45 kcal% fat) for 13 weeks. Mice were then euthanized and four different adipose depots were harvested for RNA analysis: perivascular fat from the lesser curvature of the aortic arch (PVAT), interscapular brown adipose (BAT), inguinal adipose tissue (SAT), and epididymal adipose tissue (VAT). 250 ng total RNA pooled from two mice was used for cDNA synthesis; 3 biological replicates per tissue and diet were performed for a total of 24 hybridizations.
Project description:To analyze the gene expression profile of BAT and gWAT from Pgam1 depletion mice, we performed whole genome microarray expression profiling using brown adipose tissue (BAT) and gonadal white adipose tissue (gWAT) from adipose tissue-specific Pgam1 knockout (KO) mice.
Project description:Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a pivotal role in maintaining body temperature and energy homeostasis. To identify the fuction of Ssu72 phosphatase in BAT thermogenesis, we analyzed gene expression of BAT from SSU72 WT and SSU72aKO.
Project description:Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has metabolic and endocrine effects to the whole-body, secreting molecules that target different tissues. Using transcriptomic analysis from isolated BAT from mice treated with isoproterenol in WT or UCP1-knockout mice, which have disfunctional BAT, we identified Bmp3b as an adipokine produced and secreted by activated BAT.