The nascent m6A methylome in human cells
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA566438 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR10149733_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR10149733_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR10149734_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR10149734_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR10149735_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Here, we profiled N6-methyladenosine (m6A) deposition on nascent RNAs in human cells by a new method MINT-Seq, which revealed that many classes of RTE RNAs, particularly intronic LINE-1s (L1s), are strongly methylated. These m6A-marked intronic L1s (MILs) are evolutionarily young, sense-oriented to hosting genes and nucleate a dozen RNA binding proteins (RBPs) that are putative novel m6A readers, including a nuclear matrix protein SAFB. Notably, m6A positively controls the expression of both autonomous L1s and co-transcribed L1 relics, promoting L1 retrotransposition. We showed that MILs preferentially reside in long genes, where they act as transcriptional ‘roadblock’ to impede the hosting gene expression, revealing a novel host-weakening strategy by the L1s. In counteraction, the host uses the SAFB reader complex to bind m6A-L1s to reduce their levels, and to safeguard hosting gene transcription.
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Project description:N6-methyl-adenosine (m6A) is the most abundant modification on messenger RNAs and is linked to human diseases, but its functions in mammalian development are poorly understood. Here we reveal the evolutionary conservation and function of m6A by mapping the m6A methylome in mouse and human embryonic stem cells. Thousands of messenger and long noncoding RNAs show conserved m6A modification, including transcripts encoding core pluripotency transcription factors. m6A is enriched over 3M-bM-^@M-^Y untranslated regions at defined sequence motifs, and marks unstable transcripts, including transcripts turned over upon differentiation. Genetic inactivation or depletion of mouse and human Mettl3, one of the m6A methylases, led to m6A erasure on select target genes, prolonged Nanog expression upon differentiation, and impaired ESCM-bM-^@M-^Ys exit from self-renewal towards differentiation into several lineages in vitro and in vivo. Thus, m6A is a mark of transcriptome flexibility required for stem cells to differentiate to specific lineages. Examing m6A modification differences in two different cell types
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Project description:We report the application of MeRIP sequencing technology for high-throughput profiling of m6A methylome in breast cancer cells. Comparison of m6A methylome between control and BETi-treated cells revealed the following findings: 1) Significant global alteration of methylation sites due to BETi-treatment (herein defined as BETi-m6A signature). 2) Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of the differential meRIP-seq candidates enriched pathways involved in chromatin modification, RNA splicing and pathways regulating cell fate , reflecting a critical role of m6A in diverse biological processes.
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Project description:N6-methyladenosine (m6A) regulates various aspects of RNA biology. Although m6A methylation on mRNA has been shown to be co-transcriptionally deposited, a possible regulatory role of m6A on transcription remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the METTL3/METTL14/WTAP m6A methyltransferase complex (MTC) components are co-localized to many promoters and enhancers and deposit the m6A modification to local chromatin associated transcripts including pre-mRNAs, promoter upstream transcripts (PROMPTs) and enhancer RNAs (eRNAs), suggesting a possible regulatory role for m6A methylation at these transcripts. Indeed, PRO-seq analyses demonstrate that nascent RNAs originating from both promoters and enhancers are significantly decreased in the METTL3 depleted cells. The Integrator complex has been reported to cleave nascent RNAs, which causes transcriptional attenuation. Importantly, simultaneous depletion of METTL3 and INTS11, the endonuclease subunit in the Integrator complex, suppressed the nascent RNA decrease, suggesting an antagonistic relationship between METTL3 and the Integrator complex. Consistently, we found an elevated level of INTS11 at promoters and enhancers upon loss of MTC or the m6A binder HnRNP G. Taken together, our findings suggest that MTC-mediated m6A modification protects nascent RNAs and promotes productive transcription, thus unraveling a novel layer of gene regulation imposed by RNA m6A modification.
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Project description:N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has been shown to regulate various aspects of mRNA biology. Although m6A has been shown to be co-transcriptionally deposited in mRNA by the chromatin-bound methyltranferase METTL3, the precise role of METTL3 and the resulting m6A methylation remain incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrate that the nascent RNAs generated from enhancers and promoters are co-transcriptionally and dynamically regulated by the chromatin bound METTL3/14 methyltransferase complex, and the demethylase, ALKBH5. Importantly, nascent RNA m6A is recognized by the reader protein hnRNP G, which prevents access of the RNA endonuclease INTS11 and thus protects nascent RNA from inappropriate degradation. Our study thus reveals an important chromatin function of m6A in stabilizing the enhancer- and promoter-derived nascent RNAs, which function to promote transcription activation.
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Project description:N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has been shown to regulate various aspects of mRNA biology. Although m6A has been shown to be co-transcriptionally deposited in mRNA by the chromatin-bound methyltranferase METTL3, the precise role of METTL3 and the resulting m6A methylation remain incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrate that the nascent RNAs generated from enhancers and promoters are co-transcriptionally and dynamically regulated by the chromatin bound METTL3/14 methyltransferase complex, and the demethylase, ALKBH5. Importantly, nascent RNA m6A is recognized by the reader protein hnRNP G, which prevents access of the RNA endonuclease INTS11 and thus protects nascent RNA from inappropriate degradation. Our study thus reveals an important chromatin function of m6A in stabilizing the enhancer- and promoter-derived nascent RNAs, which function to promote transcription activation.
2022-02-25 | GSE183446 | GEO
Project description:N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has been shown to regulate various aspects of mRNA biology. Although m6A has been shown to be co-transcriptionally deposited in mRNA by the chromatin-bound methyltranferase METTL3, the precise role of METTL3 and the resulting m6A methylation remain incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrate that the nascent RNAs generated from enhancers and promoters are co-transcriptionally and dynamically regulated by the chromatin bound METTL3/14 methyltransferase complex, and the demethylase, ALKBH5. Importantly, nascent RNA m6A is recognized by the reader protein hnRNP G, which prevents access of the RNA endonuclease INTS11 and thus protects nascent RNA from inappropriate degradation. Our study thus reveals an important chromatin function of m6A in stabilizing the enhancer- and promoter-derived nascent RNAs, which function to promote transcription activation.
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Project description:N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification plays important roles in the governance of gene expression and is temporally regulated in different cell states. In contrast to global m6A profiling in bulk sequencing, technologies for analyzing m6A heterogeneity across single-cells are not extensively established. Here, we report single-nucleus m6A CUT-Tag (sn-m6A-CT) for simultaneous profiling of m6A methylome and transcriptome within a single nucleus. m6A-CT is capable of enriching m6A-marked RNA molecules in situ, without isolating RNAs from cells, in a highly efficient manner. We adapted m6A-CT to the droplet-based single-cell omics platform and demonstrated high throughput performance in analyzing nuclei isolated from thousands of cells from various cell types. We show that sn-m6A-CT profiling is sufficient to determine cell identity and allows the generation of cell-type-specific m6A methylome landscapes from heterogeneous populations. Further, we exemplified the robust deconvolution capabilities in m6A heterogeneities with stem cells in multiple distinct pluripotency states. These indicate that sn-m6A-CT provides additional dimensions to multimodal datasets and new insights into epitranscriptomic landscape in defining cell fate identity and states.
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