Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA587119 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR10386632_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR10386632_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Health risks caused by stings from Vespa velutina nigrithorax (VV), also known as the yellow-legged Asian hornet, have become a public concern, but little is known about its venom composition. This study presents the proteome profile of the VV’s venom sac based on Sequential Window Acquisition of all Theoretical Mass Spectra (SWATH-MS). The study also performed proteomic quantitative analysis and examined the biological pathways and molecular functions of the proteins in the VS of VV gynes (i.e., future queens [SQ]) and workers [SW]). The total protein content per VS was significantly higher in the SW than in the SQ (274 ± 54 µg/sac vs. 175 ± 22 µg/sac; p=0.02). We quantified a total of 228 proteins belonging to 7 different classes: Insecta (n=191); Amphibia and Reptilia (n=20); Bacilli, γ-Proteobacteria and Pisoniviricetes (n=12); and Arachnida (n=5). Phage proteins of Paenibacillus larvae, the etiological agent of American foulbrood, and genome polyprotein from deformed wing virus were quantified by SWATH-MS. Among the 228 identified proteins, 66 showed significant differential expression between SQ and SW. The well-known allergens hyaluronidase A, venom antigen 5 and phospholipase A1 were significantly downregulated in the SQ venom.
2023-05-10 | PXD040764 | Pride
Project description:Venoms and the toxins they contain represent molecular adaptations that have evolved on numerous occasions throughout the animal kingdom. However, the processes that shape venom protein evolution are poorly understood because of the scarcity of whole genome data available for comparative analyses of venomous species. Here, we perform a broad comparative toxicogenomic analysis to gain insight into the genomic mechanisms of venom evolution in robber flies (Asilidae). We first sequenced a high-quality draft genome of the hymenopteran hunting robber fly Dasypogon diadema, and analysed its venom by a combined proteotranscriptomic approach, and compared our results to recently described robber fly venoms to assess the general composition and major components of asilid venom. We then applied a comparative genomics approach, based on one additional asilid genome, ten high-quality dipteran genomes, and two lepidopteran outgroup-genomes, to reveal the evolutionary mechanisms and origins of identified venom proteins in robber flies. While some venom proteins were identified in the non-asilid genomes, several of the identified highly expressed venom proteins appear to be unique to robber flies. Our results reveal that the venom of D. diadema likely evolves in a multimodal fashion comprising 1) neofunctionalization after gene duplication, 2) expression-dependent co-option of proteins and 3) asilid lineage-specific orphan genes with enigmatic origin. The role of such orphan genes is currently being disputed in evolutionary genomics, but has not yet discussed in the context of toxin evolution. Our results display an unexpected dynamic venom evolution in asilid insects, which contrasts the findings of the only other insect toxicogenomic evolutionary analysis, in parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera), were toxin evolution is dominated by single gene co-option.
2019-06-13 | PXD013358 | Pride
Project description:Mucuna pruriens extract MPE pretreatment may have a direct protective effect on heart (other than immunological neutralization of the venom neurotoxin and phospholipase A2 by the anti-MPE antibodies) that renders the heart more resistant to the toxic action of the venom The direct protective effect probably involves functional changes to the cardiac tissue that enable the heart to resist the reduction of contractility and rate induced by the cobra venom.To explore the possibility of the direct action of MPE pretreatment on heart and to understand the molecular events involved in the protection of MPE pretreatment against the lethal action of Naja sputatrix venom, gene expression studies were carried out using microarray analysis. Rats were divided into four groups (n=6): negative control (abbreviated as ‘negative’ group), MPE pretreated group (abbreviated as ‘MPE’ group), N. sputatrix venom-challenge group (abbreviated as ‘NS’ group) and N. sputatrix venom-challenge to MPE pretreated animals group (abbreviated as ‘MPE-NS’ group). In the ‘MPE’ group, rats were injected with MPE at a dose of 21 mg/kg (i.p.), on day 0, 7 and 14, and sacrificed on day 21. In the ‘negative’ group (the untreated, control group), rats were injected with saline of the same volume and sacrificed also on day 21. Hearts were then harvested immediately. In the N. sputatrix venom-challenge group (‘NS’ group), untreated rats were challenged with 1.5 LD50 (1.25 ?g/g) of N. sputatrix venom whereas in the venom challenge to MPE pretreated animals group (the ‘MPE-NS’ group), MPE pretreated rats were challenged with 1.5 LD50 (1.25 ?g/g) of N. sputatrix venom, both on day 21. For the ‘NS’ and ‘MPE-NS’ group, the rats were observed for 24 h after venom challenged and hearts were harvested as soon as death occurred or 24 h after the venom injection, whichever occurred first.
2014-12-22 | E-GEOD-46610 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We generated ATAC-seq data for pre- and post-extraction venom gland samples and H3K4me3, H3K27ac, and CTCF ChIP-seq from post-extraction venom gland samples from the Prairie Rattlesnake to investigate patterns of chromatin accessibility, transcription factor binding, and insulation during venom production, and to identify open promoters and active enhancer regions.
2022-04-07 | GSE169217 | GEO
Project description:Assassin bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae) are venomous insects that prey on invertebrates. Assassin bug venom has features in common with venoms from other animals, such as paralysing and lethal activity when injected, and a molecular composition that includes disulfide-rich peptide neurotoxins. Uniquely, this venom also has strong liquefying activity that has been hypothesised to facilitate feeding through the narrow channel of the proboscis—a structure inherited from sap- and phloem-feeding phytophagous hemipterans and adapted during the evolution of Heteroptera into a fang and feeding structure. However, further understanding of the function of assassin bug venom is impeded by the lack of proteomic studies detailing its molecular composition. In addition, the lack of knowledge regarding venoms of predaceous reduviids limits our understanding of how the venoms of the blood-feeding kissing bugs (Reduviidae: Triatominae) evolved to facilitate hematophagy. By using a combined transcriptomic/proteomic approach we show that the venom proteome of the harpactorine assassin bug Pristhesancus plagipennis includes a complex suite of >100 proteins comprising disulfide-rich peptides, CUB-domain proteins, cystatins, putative cytolytic toxins, triabin-like protein, odorant binding protein, serine proteases, catabolic enzymes, putative nutrient-binding proteins, plus eight families of proteins without homology to characterised proteins. Serine proteases, CUB domain proteins and other novel proteins in the 10–16 kDa mass range, as well as putative cytolytic toxins, were the most abundant venom components. Thus, in addition to putative neurotoxins, assassin bug venom includes a high proportion of enzymatic and cytolytic venom components well suited to tissue liquefaction. While some protein families such as lipocalin/triabins occur in the venoms of both predaceous and blood-feeding reduviids, the composition of venoms in these two groups differs markedly. These results provide insights into the venom evolution in the insect suborder Heteroptera.
2017-11-14 | PXD004804 | Pride
Project description:Background The generalist dipteran pupal parasitoid Nasonia vitripennis injects 79 venom peptides into the host before egg laying. This venom induces several important changes in the host, including developmental arrest, immunosuppression, and alterations to normal metabolism. It is hoped that diverse and potent bioactivities of N. vitripennis venom provide an opportunity for the design of novel acting drugs. However, currently very little is known about the individual functions of N. vitripennis venom peptides and less than half can be bioinformatically annotated. The paucity of annotation information complicates the design of studies that seek to better understand the potential mechanisms underlying the envenomation response. Although the RNA interference system of N. vitripennis provides an opportunity to functionally characterise venom encoding genes, with 79 candidates this represents a daunting task. For this reason we were interested in determining the expression levels of venom encoding genes in the venom gland, such that this information could be used to rank candidate venoms. To do this we carried out deep sequencing of the transcriptome of the venom gland and neighbouring ovary tissue and used RNA-seq to measure expression from the 79 venom encoding genes. The generation of a specific venom gland transcriptome dataset also provides further opportunities to investigate novel features of this highly specialised organ. Results High throughput sequencing and RNA-seq revealed that the highest expressed venom encoding gene in the venom gland was a serine protease called Nasvi2EG007167, which has previously been implicated in the apoptotic activity of N. vitripennis venom. As expected the RNA-seq confirmed that the N. vitripennis venom encoding genes are almost exclusively expressed in the venom gland relative to the neighbouring ovary tissue. Novel peptides appear to perform key roles in N. vitripennis venom function as only four of the highest 15 expressed venom encoding genes are bioinformatically annotationed. The high throughput sequencing data also provided evidence for the existence of an additional 471 novel genes in the Nasonia genome that are expressed in the venom gland and ovary. Finally, metagenomic analysis of venom gland transcripts identified viral transcripts that may play an important part in the N. vitripennis venom function. Conclusions The expression level information provided here for the 79 venom encoding genes provides an unbiased dataset that can be used by the N. vitripennis community to identify high value candidates for further functional characterisation. These candidates represent bioactive peptides that have value in drug development pipelines.
2016-12-31 | GSE76257 | GEO