Project description:We repport the effect of Tex15 inactivation on the transcriptome of male germ cells at embryonic day 16.5 (e16.5), 18.5 (e18.5), and postnatal day 2 (d2). We find upregulation of a large number of transposable elements in Tex15-/- germ cells.
Project description:We repport the effect of Tex15 inactivation on the transcriptome of male germ cells at embryonic day 16.5 (e16.5), 18.5 (e18.5), and postnatal day 2 (d2). We find a large number of differentially expressed genes between Tex15-deficient and Tex15 heterozygous germ cells at e18.5 and d2 but much fewer differentially expressed genes at e16.5.
Project description:DNA methylation is a major silencing mechanism of transposable elements (TEs). Here we report that TEX15, a testis-specific protein, is required for TE silencing. Through WGBS, we find that Tex15 mutant germ cells exhibit DNA hypomethylation in TEs. Our results identify TEX15 as a new essential epigenetic regulator that appears to function independently or downstream of the piRNA biogenesis machineries to silence TEs by DNA methylation in male germ cells.
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. DNA methylation is a major silencing mechanism of transposable elements (TEs). Here we report that TEX15, a testis-specific protein, is required for TE silencing. TEX15 is both cytoplasmic and nuclear in embryonic germ cells and functions during genome-wide epigenetic reprogramming. Tex15 mutant exhibits DNA hypomethylation in TEs at a level similar to Mili but not Miwi2 mutant. As loss of Tex15 causes TE de-silencing without abolishing piRNA production, our results identify TEX15 as a new essential epigenetic regulator that appears to function independently or downstream of the piRNA biogenesis machineries to silence TEs by DNA methylation in male germ cells.
Project description:The piRNA biogenesis was evaluated in the mouse testes lacking TEX15. Total small RNAs, MILI-, and MIWI2-associated small RNAs from control (Tex15+/-) and Tex15(-/-) knock-out testes were sequenced. Data analysis revealed that the abundance of miRNAs and piRNAs was comparable between control and Tex15 knock-out testes, suggesting that loss of TEX15 function does not impair piRNA biogenesis. However, the relative abundance of MILI- and MIWI2-bound sense piRNAs derived from transposable elements was increased.
Project description:Transcriptional profiling of all KMT2B-WT, HT, KO, Int iPSCs. KMT2B-HT, KO, and Int iPSCs were generated by gene editing using CRISPR/Cas9 and Cre recombinase technologies.
Project description:The PIWI protein MIWI2 and its associated PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) instruct DNA methylation of young active transposable elements (TEs) in the male germline. Here we show that MIWI2 associates with TEX15 in foetal gonocytes. TEX15 is predominantly a nuclear protein that is not required for piRNA biogenesis but is essential for piRNA-directed TE de novo methylation and silencing. In summary, TEX15 is an essential executor of mammalian piRNA-directed DNA methylation.