α-Synuclein Translocates To The Nucleus To Activate Retinoic Acid- Dependent Gene Transcription
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA608280 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR11164812_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR11164812_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR11164813_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR11164813_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR11164814_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:α-Synuclein (α-Syn) is a protein implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). It is primarily cytosolic and reversibly interacts with cell membranes. α-Syn also occurs in the nucleus, however, the mechanisms involved in its nuclear localization are poorly understood. We analyzed alterations in gene expression following induced α-Syn expression in SH-SY5Y cells. Analysis for upstream regulators pointed at alterations in transcription activity of retinoic acid receptors (RAR)s and additional nuclear receptors. We show that α-Syn binds RA and translocates to the nucleus to selectively enhance gene transcription. Nuclear translocation of α-Syn is regulated by calreticulin, in a leptomycin-B independent mechanism. Importantly, nuclear translocation of α-Syn following RA treatment enhances its toxicity in cultured neurons and the expression levels of PD-associated genes, among which are two familial PDassociated genes, ATPase cation transporting 13A2 (ATP13A2) and PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1). The results link a physiological role for α-Syn in the regulation of RAmediated gene transcription and its toxicity in the synucleinopathies.
2020-02-24 | GSE145804 | GEO
Project description:α-Synuclein (α-Syn) protein is implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease (PD). It is primarily cytosolic and interacts with cell membranes. α-Syn also occurs in the nucleus. Here we investigated the mechanisms involved in nuclear translocation of α-Syn. We analyzed alterations in gene expression following induced α-Syn expression in SH-SY5Y cells. Analysis of upstream regulators pointed at alterations in transcription activity of retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and additional nuclear receptors. We show that α-Syn binds RA and translocates to the nucleus to selectively enhance gene transcription. Nuclear translocation of α-Syn is regulated by calreticulin and is leptomycin-B independent. Importantly, nuclear translocation of α-Syn following RA treatment enhances its toxicity in cultured neurons and the expression levels of PD-associated genes, including ATPase cation transporting 13A2 (ATP13A2) and PTEN-induced kinase1 (PINK1). The results link a physiological role for α-Syn in the regulation of RA-mediated gene transcription and its toxicity in the synucleinopathies.
| S-EPMC7052517 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Abnormal accumulation of aggregated proteins and sustained microglial activation are important contributors of neurodegenerative process in neurological diseases. Recent studies have shown that aggregation-prone proteins, such as a-synuclein, the protein implicated in Parkinson’s disease (PD), are released from neuronal cells and thus present in the extracellular fluid, pointing to the possible paracrine effects of these proteins on microglial immune responses. However, the mechanism underlying the disease-associated microglial activation and the role of neuronal proteins in this process remain unknown. Here, we show that extracellular a-synuclein released from neuronal cells is an endogenous ligand of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and activates microglia, which in turn induces neurodegeneration. Interaction between neuron-released a-synuclein and TLR2 and subsequent activation of the TLR2 signaling were demonstrated comprehensively by using computational modeling of signaling network and by the experimental validation in TLR2-deficient microglia both in vitro and in vivo. In contrast to the neuron-released a-synuclein, recombinant a-synuclein proteins, including monomer, oligomer, fibril, or nitrated forms, were not able to interact or activate TLR2, suggesting that neuronal cells have a mechanism of enriching specific forms of a-synuclein capable of activating TLR2 during the process of releasing this protein. Taken together, the results suggest that both neuron-released extracellular a-synuclein and TLR2 might be novel therapeutic targets for modifying neuroinflammation in PD and related neurodegenerative diseases. We collected culture media from differentiated SH-SY5Y cells overexpressing either human a-synuclein (alpha-SCM) or beta-galactosidase (LZCM) and treat these media to primary rat microglia at the concentration of a-synuclein of 1.1M. Transcriptome analyses with microglial cells treated with either aSCM or LZCM at two different time points, 6 h and 24 h.
2013-02-28 | E-GEOD-26532 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Alpha-synuclein is an abundant protein implicated in synaptic function and plasticity, but the molecular mechanism of its action is not understood. Missense mutations and gene duplication/triplication events result in Parkinson's disease, a neurodegenerative disorder of old age with impaired movement and emotion control. Here, we systematically investigated the striatal as well as the cerebellar transcriptome profile of alpha-synuclein-deficient mice via a genome-wide microarray survey in order to gain hypothesis-free molecular insights into the physiological function of alpha-synuclein. A genotype-dependent, specific and strong downregulation of forkhead box P1 (Foxp1) transcript levels was observed in all brain regions from postnatal age until old age and could be validated by qPCR. In view of the co-localization and heterodimer formation of FOXP1 with FOXP2, a transcription factor with a well established role for vocalization, and the reported regulation of both alpha-synuclein and FOXP2 expression during avian song learning, we performed a detailed assessment of mouse movements and vocalizations in the postnatal period. While there was no difference in isolation-induced behavioral activity in these animals, the alpha-synuclein-deficient mice exhibited an increased production of isolation-induced ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs). This phenotype might also reflect the reduced expression of the anxiety-related GABA-A receptor subunit gamma 2 (Gabrg2) we observed. Taken together, we identified an early behavioral consequence of alpha-synuclein deficiency and accompanying molecular changes, which supports the notion that the neural connectivity of sound or emotion control systems is affected. Factorial design comparing SNCA knock-out mice with wild type littermates in two different tissues (striatum, cerebellum) at two different timepoints (6 and 21 month)
2010-07-21 | E-GEOD-19534 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Abnormal accumulation of aggregated proteins and sustained microglial activation are important contributors of neurodegenerative process in neurological diseases. Recent studies have shown that aggregation-prone proteins, such as a-synuclein, the protein implicated in Parkinson’s disease (PD), are released from neuronal cells and thus present in the extracellular fluid, pointing to the possible paracrine effects of these proteins on microglial immune responses. However, the mechanism underlying the disease-associated microglial activation and the role of neuronal proteins in this process remain unknown. Here, we show that extracellular a-synuclein released from neuronal cells is an endogenous ligand of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and activates microglia, which in turn induces neurodegeneration. Interaction between neuron-released a-synuclein and TLR2 and subsequent activation of the TLR2 signaling were demonstrated comprehensively by using computational modeling of signaling network and by the experimental validation in TLR2-deficient microglia both in vitro and in vivo. In contrast to the neuron-released a-synuclein, recombinant a-synuclein proteins, including monomer, oligomer, fibril, or nitrated forms, were not able to interact or activate TLR2, suggesting that neuronal cells have a mechanism of enriching specific forms of a-synuclein capable of activating TLR2 during the process of releasing this protein. Taken together, the results suggest that both neuron-released extracellular a-synuclein and TLR2 might be novel therapeutic targets for modifying neuroinflammation in PD and related neurodegenerative diseases.
2013-02-28 | GSE26532 | GEO
Project description:We conducted a screening for nuclear proteins which interact with α-synuclein by mass-spectrometry. As a result, we found that α-synuclein interact with BAF complex. Furthermore, overexpressed α-synuclein increased global H4R3me2s by promoting interaction between BAF complex and PRMT5 in cultered cells. In this study, we explored the influence of overexpressed α-synuclein on H4R3me2s by ChIP-seq using anti-H4R3me2s antibody.
2023-11-23 | GSE228331 | GEO
Project description:We performed RNAseq using whole Drosophila heads after expressing human wild type alpha synuclein in either glia, neurons, or both types. We identified many upregulated genes when alpha synuclein was expresed in glia and many downregulated genes with it was expresed in neurons or both cell types.
2019-09-30 | GSE128120 | GEO
Project description:Alpha synuclein in it's native state in solution was crosslinked using a variety of short-range crosslinking reagents. Crosslinks detected by mass spectrometry were then used as constraints in a discrete molecular dynamics simulation of the synuclein protein, and a structural ensemble of the protein was determined.
2019-02-28 | PXD011645 | Pride
Project description:Altogether results show that peroxidase activity of cytochrome c contributes to α-synuclein radical formation and oligomerization, and that α-synuclein through its co-localization with cytochrome c or on it's own, affects several biological pathways which contribute to increased neuronal death in Maneb and paraquat (MP)-induced model of Parkinson's disease.
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