ABSTRACT: Timaviella radians GSE-UNK-7R and co-occurring heterotrophs from rock surface from Grand Staircase Escalante National Monument, Utah, United States - 20181204_57
Project description:Pegethrix bostrychoides GSE-TBD4-15B and co-occurring heterotrophs from rock surface from Grand Staircase-escalante National Monument, Utah, United States - 20190225_38
Project description:Timaviella obliquedivisa GSE-PSE-MK23-08B and co-occurring heterotrophs from rock surface from Grand Staircase Escalante National Monument, Utah, United States - 20181204_58
Project description:Tolypothrix brevis GSE-NOS-MK-07-07A and co-occurring heterotrophs from rock surface from Grand Staircase Escalante National Monument, Utah, United States - 20181105_59A
Project description:Cyanomargarita calcarea GSE-NOS-MK-12-04C and co-occurring heterotrophs from rock surface from Grand Staircase Escalante National Monument, Utah, United States - 20181105_13A
Project description:Aphanocapsa sp. GSE-SYN-MK-11-07L and co-occurring heterotrophs from rock surface from Grand Staircase Escalante National Monument, Utah, United States - 20181109_4A
Project description:Aphanothece saxicola GSE-SYN-MK-01-06B and co-occurring heterotrophs from rock surface from Grand Staircase Escalante National Monument, Utah, United States - 20181031_5A
Project description:Kaiparowitsia implicata GSE-PSE-MK54-09C and co-occurring heterotrophs from soil from Kaiparowits Plateau, Grand Staircase Escalante National Monument, UT, United states - 20190625_23
Project description:Pleurocapsa minor GSE-CHR-MK-17-07R and co-occurring heterotrophs from sandstone from Lower Calf Creek Falls, Grand Staircase Escalante National Monument, UT, United States - 20190625_44
Project description:Uterine natural killer (uNK) cells regulate vascular changes crucial for placental function and fetal growth. The functional capacity of uNK cells is shaped by their education status. To explore the mechanisms of uNK cell education, we isolated NKG2A+ and Ly49C/I+ educated uNK cells and compared their transcriptomes to uneducated NKG2A-Ly49C/I- uNK cells.
Project description:Uterine Natural Killer (uNK) cells regulate essential developmental processes at the maternal-fetal interface during early pregnancy. Uterine NK cell functions are tightly regulated during early placentation to stimulate trophoblast invasion and remodel uterine spiral arteries. Access to human 1st and 2nd trimester uterine tissues allowed us to investigate the transcriptional changes in uNK cells during the early stages of early human pregnancy. Microarray analysis identified 97 upregulated genes in 2nd compared to 1st trimester purified uNK cells of which the majority (61%) clustered as interferon-stimulated-genes (ISG), with ISG15 and ISG20 being upregulated profoundly. Type I interferons (IFNα/β), but not type II interferon (IFNɣ) increased expression of the identified interferon target genes ISG15 and ISG20 in uNK cells in vitro. Moreover, the cytokine-like protein ISG15 stimulated in vitro trophoblast invasion. Second trimester uNK cells promoted trophoblast invasion in vitro, whereas both 1st and 2nd trimester uNK cells stimulated endothelial tube formation. IFNα but not IFNβ stimulation of 1st trimester uNK cells enhanced their capacity to promote trophoblast invasion. In conclusion, the uNK cell interferon transcriptome is upregulated during the 2nd trimester allowing uNK cells to promote trophoblast invasion. Type I interferon signaling regulates uNK cell-induced trophoblast invasion via induction of effector molecules like ISG15. First trimester uNK cells can be induced to act like second trimester uNK cells by IFNα with respect to promotion of trophoblast invasion. Key words: Gene expression profiling ■ uterine natural killer cells ■ extravillous trophoblast invasion ■ interferon alpha ■ ISG15