High-throughput sequencing analysis of a “hit and run” cell and animal model of KSHV tumorigenesis. [MBD-Seq]
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA625539 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR11550400_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR11550400_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR11550401_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR11550401_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR11550402_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), is an AIDS-associated neoplasm caused by the KS herpesvirus (KSHV/ HHV-8). KSHV-sarcomagenesis is the consequence of oncogenic viral gene expression as well as host genetic and epigenetic alterations. Although KSHV is invariably found in all KS lesions, the percentage of KSHV-infected (LANA+) spindle-cells of the lesion is variable, suggesting the existence of paracrine oncogenic mechanisms and/or spindle cells that have lost KSHV. A mouse model of KSHVBac36-driven tumorigenesis allowed us to induce KSHV-episome loss before and after tumor development. Although cells that lose the KSHV episome prior to tumor formation lose their tumorigenicity, explanted KSHV positive tumor cells that lost the KSHV episome remained tumorigenic. This pointed to the existence of virally-induced irreversible oncogenic alterations occurring during KSHV-tumor formation that support the possibility of hit and run viral sarcomagenesis. RNA sequencing and CpG-methylation analysis were performed on KSHV positive and negative cells, KSHV positive and KSHV negative tumors that developed following KSHV-episome loss from explanted tumor cells. When KSHV positive cells form KSHV-driven tumors, along with viral-gene upregulation there is a tendency for hypo-methylation in genes from oncogenic and differentiation pathways. In contrast, KSHV-negative tumors formed after KSHV-episome loss, show a tendency towards gene hyper-methylation when compared to KSHV-positive tumors. Regarding occurrence of host-mutations, we found the same set of innate-immunity related mutations undetected in KSHV-infected cells but present in all KSHV positive tumors, indicating that pre-existing host mutations that provide an in vivo growth advantage are clonally-selected and contribute to KSHV-tumorigenesis. In addition, KSHV negative tumors display de novo mutations related to cell proliferation that, together with the PDGFRAD842V, were responsible for driving tumorigenesis in absence of the KSHV-episomes. KSHV-induced irreversible genetic and epigenetic oncogenic alterations support the possibility of “hit and run” KSHV-sarcomagenesis consistent with the presence of LANA-negative spindle-cells in KS lesions.
2020-04-16 | GSE148741 | GEO
Project description:Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), is an AIDS-associated neoplasm caused by the KS herpesvirus (KSHV). A mouse model of KSHV-dependent tumorigenicity, allowed us to induce KSHV viral-episome loss following tumor development to test the plausibility of “hit and run” mechanism by KSHV. RNA-seq-transcriptome analysis and CpG-methylation were performed on KSHV positive cells, KSHV positive tumors and tumors that developed following viral-episome loss. During KSHV tumorigenesis, hypo-methylation was detected of oncogenic and differentiation pathways. In contrast, during tumorigenesis following KSHV-episome loss, a tendency towards hyper-methylation was detected. We found the same set of innate-immunity related mutations undetected in KSHV-infected cells but present in all KSHV-positive tumors, indicating that pre-existing host mutations that provide an in vivo growth advantage are clonally-selected and contribute to KSHV-tumorigenesis. We found de novo mutations related to cell proliferation that, together with the PDGFRAD842V, were responsible for driving tumorigenesis in absence of the KSHV-episomes. Virally-induced irreversible genetic and epigenetic oncogenic alteration supports the possibility of “hit and run” KSHV-sarcomagenesis consistent with the existence of LANA-negative spindle-cells in KS lesions.
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Project description:High-throughput sequencing analysis of a “hit and run” cell and animal model of KSHV tumorigenesis.
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Project description:High-throughput sequencing analysis of a “hit and run” cell and animal model of KSHV tumorigenesis. [RNA-Seq]
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Project description:Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), is an AIDS-associated neoplasm caused by the KS herpesvirus (KSHV/ HHV-8). KSHV-induced sarcomagenesis is the consequence of oncogenic viral gene expression as well as host genetic and epigenetic alterations. Although KSHV is found in all KS-lesions, the percentage of KSHV-infected (LANA+) spindle-cells of the lesion is variable, suggesting the existence of KS-spindle cells that have lost KSHV and proliferate autonomously or via paracrine mechanisms. A mouse model of KSHVBac36-driven tumorigenesis allowed us to induce KSHV-episome loss before and after tumor development. Although infected cells that lose the KSHV-episome prior to tumor formation lose their tumorigenicity, explanted tumor cells that lost the KSHV-episome remained tumorigenic. This pointed to the existence of virally-induced irreversible oncogenic alterations occurring during KSHV tumorigenesis supporting the possibility of hit and run viral-sarcomagenesis. RNA-sequencing and CpG-methylation analysis were performed on KSHV-positive and KSHV-negative tumors that developed following KSHV-episome loss from explanted tumor cells. When KSHV-positive cells form KSHV-driven tumors, along with viral-gene upregulation there is a tendency for hypo-methylation in genes from oncogenic and differentiation pathways. In contrast, KSHV-negative tumors formed after KSHV-episome loss, show a tendency towards gene hyper-methylation when compared to KSHV-positive tumors. Regarding occurrence of host-mutations, we found the same set of innate-immunity related mutations undetected in KSHV-infected cells but present in all KSHV-positive tumors occurring en exactly the same position, indicating that pre-existing host mutations that provide an in vivo growth advantage are clonally-selected and contribute to KSHV-tumorigenesis. In addition, KSHV-negative tumors display de novo mutations related to cell proliferation that, together with the PDGFRAD842V and other proposed mechanism, could be responsible for driving tumorigenesis in the absence of KSHV-episomes. KSHV-induced irreversible genetic and epigenetic oncogenic alterations support the possibility of "hit and run" KSHV-sarcomagenesis and point to the existence of selectable KSHV-induced host mutations that may impact AIDS-KS treatment.
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Project description:The hallmark of Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS), the most common cancer in HIV-infected patients caused by Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection, is hyperinflammation. However, the role of inflammation and the mechanism of induction of inflammation in KSHV-induced cancer remain unclear. In a previous high-throughput screening against KSHV-induced oncogenesis, over half of the identified candidates were anti-inflammatory agents. Among them, dexamethasone, a common anti-inflammatory corticosteroid, functions through binding to and activating glucocorticoid receptor (GR). In this study, we examined the mechanism mediating KSHV-induced inflammation. We found that numerous inflammatory pathways were activated in KSHV-transformed cells. Particularly, the interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α) and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) from the IL-1 family, implicated in a wide variety of inflammatory diseases, were the most induced and suppressed cytokines in KSHV-transformed KMM cells compared to the matched primary MM cells, respectively. By using reverse genetics, we showed that KSHV-encoded miRNAs mediated IL-1α induction while both miRNAs and vFLIP mediated IL-1Ra suppression. Furthermore, the GR signaling was inhibited in KSHV-transformed cells, which was mediated by vFLIP and vCyclin. Importantly, dexamethasone treatment inhibited cell proliferation, and colony formation in softagar of KMM cells but had a minimal effect on MM cells. Consequently, dexamethasone suppressed the initiation and growth of KS-like KMM tumors in mice. Mechanistically, dexamethasone suppressed IL-1α expression but induced IL-1Ra expression. Treatment with recombinant IL-1α protein was sufficient to rescue the inhibitory effect of dexamethasone while overexpression of IL-1Ra alone caused a weak growth inhibition of KMM cells. Furthermore, dexamethasone induced IκBα expression resulting in the inhibition of the classical and alternative NF-kB pathways and IL-1α expression. Taken together, these results revealed the important role of IL-1 signaling pathway in KSHV-induced inflammation and oncogenesis, which can be inhibited by dexamethasone-activated GR signaling. This study determined the mechanism of inflammation in KSHV-induced oncogenesis and identified IL-1-mediated inflammation as a potential therapeutic target for KSHV-induced malignancies.
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Project description:modENCODE_submission_3787 This submission comes from a modENCODE project of Gary Karpen. For full list of modENCODE projects, see http://www.genome.gov/26524648 Project Goal: We aim to determine the locations of 125 chromosomal proteins across the Drosophila melanogaster genome. The proteins under study are involved in basic chromosomal functions such as DNA replication, gene expression, gene silencing, and inheritance. We will perform Chromatin ImmunoPrecipitation (ChIP) using genomic tiling arrays. We will initially assay localizations using chromatin from three cell lines and two embryonic stages, and will then extend the analysis of a subset of proteins to four additional animal tissues/stages For data usage terms and conditions, please refer to http://www.genome.gov/27528022 and http://www.genome.gov/Pages/Research/ENCODE/ENCODEDataReleasePolicyFinal2008.pdf EXPERIMENT TYPE: CHIP-chip. BIOLOGICAL SOURCE: Cell Line: S2-DRSC; Tissue: embryo-derived cell-line; Developmental Stage: late embryonic stage; Sex: Male; NUMBER OF REPLICATES: 4; EXPERIMENTAL FACTORS: Cell Line S2-DRSC; Antibody MBD-R2(Q4167) (target is MBD-R2)
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