Project description:Epigenome analysis of 18 subjects and 20 controls, before, midpoint, and after a change in diet, exercise, and other lifestyle modifications
Project description:To investigate the microRNAs involved in the processes of beneficial and detrimental lifestyles, including caloric restriction(CR), exercise and high-fat diet(HF), we performed a comprehensive and thorough comparison of microRNAs expression profiles in liver among these lifestyle modifications.
Project description:Illumina Infinium EPIC HumanMethylation BeadChip data from saliva DNA samples from a healthy elderly cohort with individuals in the age range 70-95 in Southwest Sweden. The cohort was stratified into study groups based on participants´answers to a questionnaire of different lifestyle factors including vitamin supplementations, smoking and drinking habits, physical activity (per year), sun exposure and eating habits. Vitamin D intake was evaluated from the vitamin D supplementation (alone or in a multivitamin complex), dietary vitamin D intake (fish and seafood frequency) and vitamin D synthesis in the skin (sunlight exposure and use of sunscreen). Differential methylation analysis was performed for all the study groups and the combination of different factors with vitamin D supplementation. Gender, age, smoking and alcohol (SD and frequency) were used as covariates in the analyses. Only the study groups referred to the conclusions of the study are shown.
Project description:DNA methylation analysis using HumanMethylation850K BeadChips (Illumina) in human blood samples before and after an 18 months weight-loss intervention: the CENTRAL study [randomized controlled trial; NCT01530724]. All subjects underwent either Mediterranean/low-carbohydrate or low-fat diet with or without physical activity.
Project description:Lean male mice were fed a high fat diet (HFD, lard 24% w/w) for 16 weeks. At 9 weeks, when all hallmarks of prediabetes were established, groups of mice were treated with drug (metformin, glibenclamide, sitagliptin, rosiglitazone, pioglitazone, fenofibrate, T0901317, atorvastatin, salicylate or rofecoxib) for another 7 weeks together with the high fat diet. An additional group was switched back to a chow diet (dietary lifestyle intervention) after the first 9 weeks of high fat diet. All groups were compared to a control group receiving HFD alone and to a reference group fed chow (baseline reference) for the entire experimental period (16 weeks).
Project description:Background Many environmental and lifestyle factors have been implicated in the decline of sperm quality, with diet being one of the most plausible factors identified in recent years. Moreover, several studies have reported a close association between the alteration of specific sperm DNA methylation signatures and semen quality. Objectives To evaluate the effect of tree nuts consumption on sperm DNA methylation patterns in healthy individuals reporting eating a Western‐style diet. Material and Methods This is a post‐hoc analysis conducted in a subset of participants (healthy, non‐smoking, and young) from the FERTINUTS 14‐wk randomized‐controlled, parallel‐trial, recruited between December 2015 and February 2017. The participants included in the current study (n=72) were randomly selected in a proportion 2:1 from the original FERTINUTS trial between the 98 participants that completed the entire dietary intervention (nut group, n=48; control group, n=24). Sperm DNA methylation patterns were examined at baseline and after 14 weeks in 48 individuals consuming 60 g/d of mixed nuts (nuts group) and in 24 individuals following the usual Western‐style diet avoiding consumption of nuts (control group). Results Over the course of the trial, no significant changes in global methylation were observed between groups. However, in the nuts group, we identified 36 genomic regions that were significantly differentially methylated between the baseline and the end of the trial and 97.2% of the regions displayed hypermethylation. We identified no such change in the control group over the same period of time. We also utilized the recently developed germ line age calculator to determine if nut consumption resulted in alterations to the epigenetic age of cells and no significant differences were found. Discussion and Conclusion Adding nuts to a regular Western‐style diet subtly impacts sperm DNA methylation in specific regions, demonstrating that there are some sperm epigenome regions that could respond to diet.
Project description:The C57BL/6J mouse model develops obesity and pre-diabetes when fed a high-fat diet. In this experiment, DNA methylation was assessed globally at specific CpG sites in liver tissue from mice receiving high-fat diet (45E% from fat) for 13 weeks (Control) or high-fat diet supplemented with 20% (w/w) of freeze-dried lingonberries (n=4). Our findings show that lingonberries prevent development of high-fat induced obesity, hepatic steatosis and low-grade inflammation, and the DNA was hypermethylated in mice receiving lingonberries compared to control. Genome wide hepatic DNA methylation comparison between mice fed high-fat diet with or without a lingonberry supplement (n=4/group).
Project description:Lean male mice were fed a high fat diet (HFD, lard 24% w/w) for 16 weeks. At 9 weeks, when all hallmarks of prediabetes were established, groups of mice were treated with drug (rosiglitazone, pioglitazone, T0901317, or salicylate) for another 7 weeks together with the high fat diet. An additional group was switched back to a chow diet (dietary lifestyle intervention) after the first 9 weeks of high fat diet. All groups were compared to a control group receiving HFD alone and to a reference group fed chow (baseline reference) for the entire experimental period (16 weeks).
Project description:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with obesity and lifestyle. Exercise is known to be beneficial for NAFLD treatment. Recent studies have shown the critical involvement of microRNA in NAFLD. However, it is unclear whether exercise could prevent NAFLD via miRNA targeting. We used microarrays to examine microRNA profiles in high-fat diet fed mice with and without exercise in comparison to normal diet fed mice.