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Senescent beta-cells exhibit a unique secretory phenotype that promotes inflammation and remodeling of the extracellular environment

ABSTRACT: Senescent beta-cells exhibit a unique secretory phenotype that promotes inflammation and remodeling of the extracellular environment

PROVIDER: PRJNA630731 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR11713445.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR11713446.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR11713447.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR11713448.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR11713449.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Myeloma-modified adipocytes exhibit a senescent-associated secretory phenotype

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Senescent beta-cells exhibit a unique secretory phenotype that promotes inflammation and remodeling of the extracellular environment

Project description:Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) patients have higher proportions of senescent beta-cells than their non-diabetic counterparts (Aguayo-Mazzucato et al., 2019). Senescent beta-cells may propagate dysfunction in neighboring cells through the paracrine effects of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). To address the heterogeneity in beta-cell SASP expression and its role in T2D, we measured expression levels of beta-cell SASP signature genes in a mouse model of acute insulin resistance using the insulin receptor antagonist, S961. We have previously shown that this model induces hyperglycemia and accelerates beta-cell senescence (Aguayo-Mazzucato et al., 2019). Pancreatic islets were isolated from 3 groups of mice: a control group, a treated group of mice with surgically installed osmotic pumps secreting S961 for 2 weeks, and a third group in which mice recovered from S961 treatment for two weeks. During treatment, mice developed marked hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia which was completely reversed during the two-week recovery period. Islets were dispersed into single cells and scRNASeq was performed using the 10x Genomics Chromium Single Cell Gene Expression Assay.

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Myeloma-modified adipocytes exhibit a senescent-associated secretory phenotype

Project description:Bone marrow -adipocytes (BMAs) have recently been implicated in accelerating bone metastatic cancers such as AML and breast cancer. Importantly, bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) expands with aging and obesity- two key risk factors in multiple myeloma (MM) disease prevalence- suggesting that BMAs influence and are influenced by myeloma cells in the marrow. Here we examined how myeloma cells affect adipocytes and provide evidence that MM cells alter adipocyte gene expression and cytokine secretion profiles, creating a “MM-associated” adipocyte (MM-adipocyte) phenotype. Our findings indicate that: (1) Multiple myeloma cells decrease BM adiposity in vitro, in myeloma animal models, and in clinical samples, (2) myeloma induces widespread gene expression and phenotypic changes in adipocytes in vitro, most notable, the induction of a senescent-like phenotype in BMAs, (3) MM-adipocytes affect myeloma cell cycle, drug sensitivity, and aggressiveness, illuminating a new driver of MM cell evolution in a drug resistant clone. We demonstrate that myeloma cells exposed to MM-adipocytes are rescued from dexamethasone-induced cell cycle arrest and have increased expression of FKBP5, a potential drug resistance gene. Our findings in patients confirm that BMAs are dynamic during myeloma disease progression (decrease during MM initiation, recover during disease remission) and that the interactions between BMAs and MM cells have previously unappreciated implications in the understanding and treatment of myeloma.

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Senescent microglia limit remyelination through the senescence associated secretory phenotype

Project description:The capacity to regenerate myelin in the central nervous system (CNS) diminishes with age. This decline is particularly evident in multiple sclerosis (MS), which has been suggested to exhibit features of accelerated biological aging. Whether cellular senescence, a hallmark of aging, contributes to remyelination impairment remains unknown. Here, we show that senescent cells (SCs) accumulate within demyelinated lesions after injury, and their elimination enhances remyelination in young mice but not in aged mice. In young mice, we observed the upregulation of senescence-associated transcripts primarily in microglia after demyelination, followed by their reduction during remyelination. However, in aged mice, senescence-associated factors persisted within lesions, correlating with inefficient remyelination. We found that SC elimination enhanced remyelination in young mice but was ineffective in aged mice. Proteomic analysis of senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP) revealed elevated levels of CCL11/Eotaxin-1 in lesions, which was found to inhibit efficient oligodendrocyte maturation. These results suggest therapeutic targeting of SASP components, such as CCL11, may improve remyelination in aging and MS.

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Senescent microglia limit remyelination through the senescence associated secretory phenotype

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Senescent-like microglia limit remyelination through the senescence associated secretory phenotype

Project description:Senescent-like microglia limit remyelination through the senescence associated secretory phenotype

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Substrate Stiffness Dictates Unique Doxorubicin-induced Senescence-associated Secretory Phenotypes and Transcriptomic Signatures in Human Pulmonary Fibroblasts

Project description:Cells are subjected to dynamic mechanical environments which impart forces and induce cellular responses. In age-related conditions like pulmonary fibrosis, there is both an increase in tissue stiffness and an accumulation of senescent cells. While senescent cells produce a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), the impact of physical stimuli on both cellular senescence and the SASP is not well understood. Here, we show that mechanical tension, modeled using cell culture substrate rigidity, influences senescent cell markers like SA-β-gal and secretory phenotypes. Comparing human primary pulmonary fibroblasts (IMR-90) cultured on physiological (2 kPa), fibrotic (50 kPa), and plastic (approximately 3 GPa) substrates, followed by senescence induction using doxorubicin, we identified unique high-stiffness-driven secretory protein profiles using mass spectrometry and transcriptomic signatures, both showing an enrichment in collagen proteins. Consistently, clusters of p21+ cells are seen in fibrotic regions of bleomycin induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Computational meta-analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing datasets from human interstitial lung disease confirmed these stiffness SASP genes are highly expressed in disease fibroblasts and strongly correlate with mechanotransduction and senescence-related pathways. Thus, mechanical forces shape cell senescence and their secretory phenotypes.

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Genome-wide expression analysis of young, senescent and p38MAPK-inhibitited senescent human fibroblasts.

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Substrate Stiffness Dictates Unique Doxorubicin-induced Senescence-associated Secretory Phenotypes and Transcriptomic Signatures in Human Pulmonary Fibroblasts

Project description:Cells are subjected to dynamic mechanical environments which impart various forces and induce cellular responses. In age-related conditions like pulmonary fibrosis, there is both an increase in tissue stiffness and an accumulation of senescent cells, leading to elevated tension in fibroblasts among other cells. While senescent cells produce a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), the impact of physical stimuli on both cellular senescence and SASP is not well understood. Here, we show that mechanical tension, modeled using cell culture substrate rigidity, influences senescent cell markers like SA-beta-gal and secretory phenotypes. Comparing human primary pulmonary fibroblasts (IMR-90) cultured on physiological (2 kPa), fibrotic (50 kPa), and plastic (3 GPa) substrates followed by senescence induction using doxorubicin, we identified unique high-stiffness-driven secretory protein profiles using mass spectrometry and transcriptomic signatures, both showing an enrichment in collagen proteins. Computational meta-analysis of human interstitial lung disease single-cell RNA sequencing datasets confirmed these genes are highly expressed in disease samples and strongly correlate with mechanotransduction and senescence-related pathways. Thus, mechanical forces shape cell senescence and their secretory phenotypes.

| MSV000095880 | MassIVE

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