Loss of PRC2 subunits primes lineage choice during exit of pluripotency
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA646712 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR12237826_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR12237826_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR12237827_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR12237827_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR12237828_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) is crucial for the coordinated expression of genes during early embryonic development, catalyzing histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation. Two distinct PRC2 complexes, PRC2.1 and PRC2.2, contain respectively MTF2 and JARID2 in embryonic stem cells (ESCs). In this study, we explored their roles in lineage specification and commitment, using single-cell transcriptomics and mouse embryoid bodies derived from Mtf2 and Jarid2 null ESCs. We observe that the loss of Mtf2 results in enhanced and faster differentiation towards cell fates from all germ layers, while the Jarid2 null cells are predominantly directed towards early differentiating precursors, with reduced efficiency towards mesendodermal lineages. These effects are caused by derepression of developmental regulators that are poised for activation in pluripotent cells and gain H3K4me3 at their promoters in the absence of PRC2 repression. Upon lineage commitment, the differentiation trajectories are relatively similar to those of wild-type cells. Together, our results uncover a major role for MTF2-containing PRC2.1 in balancing poised lineage-specific gene activation, whereas the contribution of JARID2-containing PRC2 is more selective in nature compared to MTF2. These data explain how PRC2 imposes thresholds for lineage choice during the exit of pluripotency.
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Project description:Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) plays crucial roles in transcriptional regulation and stem cell development. However, the context-specific functions associated with alternative subunits remain largely unexplored. Here we show that the related enzymatic subunits EZH1 and EZH2 undergo an expression switch during hematopoiesis. We examine the in vivo stoichiometry of the PRC2 complexes by quantitative proteomics and reveal the existence of an EZH1-SUZ12 sub-complex lacking EED. We provide evidence that EZH1 together with SUZ12 form a non-canonical PRC2 complex, occupy active chromatin domains in the absence of H3K27me3, and positively regulate gene expression. Loss of EZH2 expression leads to global repositioning of EZH1 chromatin occupancy to EZH2 targets. Moreover, we demonstrate that an erythroid-specific enhancer mediates transcriptional activation of EZH1, and a switch from GATA2 to GATA1 controls the developmental EZH1/2 switch by differential association with EZH1 enhancers during erythropoiesis. Thus, the lineage- and developmental stage-specific regulation of PRC2 expression and subunit composition leads to a switch from canonical silencing to non-canonical PRC2 functions during blood stem cell specification. Analysis of genomic occupancy of EZH1, EZH2, EED, SUZ12, various histone marks and transcription factors in primary human fetal liver proerythroblasts by ChIP-seq. Sample GSM970262 was used as the input DNA sample.
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Project description:The Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) catalyzes H3K27 methylation across the genome, which through involvement in transcriptional regulation is critical in establishment of cell identity. Because of its essential function during development and in cancer, understanding the establishment of genome-wide H3K27 methylation patterns has been the focus of intense investigation. PRC2 methylation activity is abundant and dispersed throughout the genome, but highest activity is specifically directed to a subset of target regions that are stably occupied by the complex and highly enriched for H3K27me3. Here we show, by systematically knocking out single and multiple non-core subunits of the PRC2 complex in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), that they each contribute in directing PRC2 activity to targets sites. Furthermore, combined knockout of six non-core subunits reveal that, while dispensable for global H3K27 methylation levels, the non-core PRC2 subunits are collectively required for focusing H3K27me3 activity to specific sites in the genome.
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Project description:Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) plays crucial roles in transcriptional regulation and stem cell development. However, the context-specific functions associated with alternative subunits remain largely unexplored. Here we show that the related enzymatic subunits EZH1 and EZH2 undergo an expression switch during hematopoiesis. We examine the in vivo stoichiometry of the PRC2 complexes by quantitative proteomics and reveal the existence of an EZH1-SUZ12 sub-complex lacking EED. We provide evidence that EZH1 together with SUZ12 form a non-canonical PRC2 complex, occupy active chromatin domains in the absence of H3K27me3, and positively regulate gene expression. Loss of EZH2 expression leads to global repositioning of EZH1 chromatin occupancy to EZH2 targets. Moreover, we demonstrate that an erythroid-specific enhancer mediates transcriptional activation of EZH1, and a switch from GATA2 to GATA1 controls the developmental EZH1/2 switch by differential association with EZH1 enhancers during erythropoiesis. Thus, the lineage- and developmental stage-specific regulation of PRC2 expression and subunit composition leads to a switch from canonical silencing to non-canonical PRC2 functions during blood stem cell specification. Transcriptional profiling in primary human fetal liver proerythroblasts upon lentiviral shRNA-mediated knockdown of EZH1, EZH2, EED, or SUZ12 by RNA-seq analysis.
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Project description:Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) plays crucial roles in transcriptional regulation and stem cell development. However, the context-specific functions associated with alternative subunits remain largely unexplored. Here we show that the related enzymatic subunits EZH1 and EZH2 undergo an expression switch during hematopoiesis. We examine the in vivo stoichiometry of the PRC2 complexes by quantitative proteomics and reveal the existence of an EZH1-SUZ12 sub-complex lacking EED. We provide evidence that EZH1 together with SUZ12 form a non-canonical PRC2 complex, occupy active chromatin domains in the absence of H3K27me3, and positively regulate gene expression. Loss of EZH2 expression leads to global repositioning of EZH1 chromatin occupancy to EZH2 targets. Moreover, we demonstrate that an erythroid-specific enhancer mediates transcriptional activation of EZH1, and a switch from GATA2 to GATA1 controls the developmental EZH1/2 switch by differential association with EZH1 enhancers during erythropoiesis. Thus, the lineage- and developmental stage-specific regulation of PRC2 expression and subunit composition leads to a switch from canonical silencing to non-canonical PRC2 functions during blood stem cell specification.
2015-01-01 | GSE59087 | GEO
Project description:Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) plays crucial roles in transcriptional regulation and stem cell development. However, the context-specific functions associated with alternative subunits remain largely unexplored. Here we show that the related enzymatic subunits EZH1 and EZH2 undergo an expression switch during hematopoiesis. We examine the in vivo stoichiometry of the PRC2 complexes by quantitative proteomics and reveal the existence of an EZH1-SUZ12 sub-complex lacking EED. We provide evidence that EZH1 together with SUZ12 form a non-canonical PRC2 complex, occupy active chromatin domains in the absence of H3K27me3, and positively regulate gene expression. Loss of EZH2 expression leads to global repositioning of EZH1 chromatin occupancy to EZH2 targets. Moreover, we demonstrate that an erythroid-specific enhancer mediates transcriptional activation of EZH1, and a switch from GATA2 to GATA1 controls the developmental EZH1/2 switch by differential association with EZH1 enhancers during erythropoiesis. Thus, the lineage- and developmental stage-specific regulation of PRC2 expression and subunit composition leads to a switch from canonical silencing to non-canonical PRC2 functions during blood stem cell specification.
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Project description:JARID2 is an integral subunit of the chromatin modifier PRC2 (Polycomb Repressive Complex 2). PRC2 methylates lysine 27 in histone H3 and is required for human development. Mutaitons of PRC2 subunits have been frequently found in a variety of adult and pediatric cancer, suggesting that PRC2 critically regulates normal and cancer development. The goal of this project is to identify new regulator or co-factors of PRC2 and study their molecular interactions and activities in order to better understand function and regulation of PRC2 in normal and cancer development.
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Project description:The transcriptional activating and repressive functions performed by Trithorax and Polycomb group complexes, respectively, are critical for to maintain cellular fates in ontogeny and in cancer. Here we report that leukemias initiated by a Trithorax-related oncogene, MLL-AF9, depend upon the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) to sustain a transformed cellular state. RNAi mediated suppression of PRC2 subunits is sufficient to inhibit proliferation of MLL-AF9 leukemias, with little impact on growth of non-transformed cells. This requirement is partly due to PRC2-mediated transcriptional repression of several anti-self-renewal regulators, including Cdkn2a. These results suggest that, unlike the classical antagonism generally observed between Polycomb and Trithorax group proteins during development, the activities of these two pathways can cooperate to promote myeloid neoplasia. In order to understand downstream targets of PRC2 complex in MLL-AF9 leukemia, we performed array in murine MLL-AF9/NrasG12D cell line under the condition that two subunits of PRC2(Eed and Suz12) were suppressed by using shRNAs.
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