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Genome-wide analysis of retinal transcriptome reveals common genetic network underlying perception of contrast and optical defocus detection

ABSTRACT: Genome-wide analysis of retinal transcriptome reveals common genetic network underlying perception of contrast and optical defocus detection

PROVIDER: PRJNA666388 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR12739817_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR12739817_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR12739818_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR12739818_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR12739819_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Genome-wide analysis of retinal transcriptome reveals common genetic network underlying perception of contrast and optical defocus detection

Project description:Refractive eye development is regulated by optical defocus in a process of emmetropization. Excessive exposure to negative optical defocus often leads to the development of myopia. However, it is still largely unknown how optical defocus is detected by the retina. Here, we used genome-wide RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) to conduct analysis of the retinal genetic networks underlying contrast perception and refractive eye development. We report that the genetic network subserving contrast perception plays an important role in optical defocus detection and emmetropization. Our results demonstrate an interaction between contrast perception, the retinal circadian clock pathway and the signaling pathway underlying optical defocus detection. We also observe that the relative majority of genes causing human myopia are involved in the processing of optical defocus. Together, our results support the hypothesis that optical defocus is perceived by the retina using contrast as a proxy and provide new insights into molecular signaling underlying refractive eye development.

2021-06-03 | GSE158732 | GEO

Genome-wide analysis of retinal transcriptome reveals common genetic network underlying perception of contrast and optical defocus detection.

Project description:BackgroundRefractive eye development is regulated by optical defocus in a process of emmetropization. Excessive exposure to negative optical defocus often leads to the development of myopia. However, it is still largely unknown how optical defocus is detected by the retina.MethodsHere, we used genome-wide RNA-sequencing to conduct analysis of the retinal gene expression network underlying contrast perception and refractive eye development.ResultsWe report that the genetic network subserving contrast perception plays an important role in optical defocus detection and emmetropization. Our results demonstrate an interaction between contrast perception, the retinal circadian clock pathway and the signaling pathway underlying optical defocus detection. We also observe that the relative majority of genes causing human myopia are involved in the processing of optical defocus.ConclusionsTogether, our results support the hypothesis that optical defocus is perceived by the retina using contrast as a proxy and provide new insights into molecular signaling underlying refractive eye development.

| S-EPMC8190860 | biostudies-literature

Goat’s milk exosomes as natural nanoparticles in detection of inflammatory processes by optical imaging

Project description:Exosomes are cell-derived nanovesicles with a proven key role in intercellular signaling, inflammation processes and immune response. Due to their natural origin and liposome-like structure, these nanometric vesicles have emerged as novel platforms for therapy and diagnosis. This work presents goat’s milk exosomes as natural nanoparticles applied in the detection of inflammatory processes by optical imaging. Goat’s milk exosomes were isolated and fully characterized by their physicochemical properties, proteomics profile and biochemical impact in healthy mice. For the in vitro and in vivo assessment, these nanoparticles were covalently labeled with sulfo-Cyanine 5 and BODIPY-FL. In vitro studies confirmed the internalization of the nanoprobe as well as no cytotoxicity in macrophages populations (RAW 264.7). The capacity of our probe to localize inflammatory processes was in vivo assessed by optical imaging in a peritonitis mouse model confirmed. These results were also confirmed by the flow cytometry analysis of the peritonitis exudates, supporting the use of these natural nanoparticles in the detection of inflammatory processes.

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Sensory Food Perception Rapidly Primes Postprandial ER-Homeostasis through Melanorcortin-Dependent Control of Liver mTOR Activation

Project description:Adaptation of liver to the postprandial state requires coordinate regulation of protein synthesis and folding aligned with changes in lipid metabolism. Here we demonstrate that sensory food perception is sufficient to elicit early activation of hepatic mTOR-signaling, Xbp1-splicing, increased expression of ER-stress genes and phosphatidylcholine synthesis, which translate into a rapid morphological ER-remodeling. These responses overlap with those activated during refeeding, where they are maintained and constantly increase upon nutrient supply. Sensory food perception activates POMC-neurons in the hypothalamus, optogenetic activation of POMC-neurons activates hepatic mTOR-signaling and Xbp1-splicing and lack of MC4R-expression attenuates these responses to sensory food perception. Chemogenetic POMC-neuron activation promotes sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) subserving the liver, and norepinephrine evokes the same responses in hepatocytes in vitro and liver in vivo as observed upon sensory food perception. Collectively, our experiments unravel that sensory food perception coordinatly primes postprandrial liver ER adaption through a melanocortin-SNA-mTOR-Xbp1s-axis

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