Project description:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous non-coding small RNAs that regulate targeted mRNAs by degrading or repressing translation, considered as post-transcrption regulators. So far, a large number of miRNAs have been discovered in model plants, but little information is available on miRNAs in banana. In this study, by sequencing the small RNA (sRNA) transcriptomes of Fusarium wilt resistant and susceptible banana varieties, 139 members in 38 miRNA families were discovered, and six out of eight new miRNAs were confirmed by RT-PCR. According to the analysis of sRNA transcriptome data and qRT-PCR verification, some miRNAs were differentially expressed between Fusarium wilt resistant and susceptible banana varieties. Two hundred and ninety-nine and 31 target genes were predicted based on the draft maps of banana B genome and Fusarium oxysporum (FOC1, FOC4) genomes respectively. Specifically, two important pathogenic genes in Fusarium oxysporum genomes, feruloyl esterase gene and proline iminopeptidase gene, were targeted by banana miRNAs. These novel findings may provide a new strategy for the prevention and control of Fusarium wilt in banana.
Project description:Fusarium fujikuroi is a biotechnologically important fungus due to its almost unique ability to produce gibberellic acids (GAs), a family of phytohormones. The fungus was described about 100 years ago as the causative agent of Bakanae (M-bM-^@M-^\foolish seedlingM-bM-^@M-^]) disease of rice. Apart from GAs, the fungus is known to produce pigments and mycotoxins, but the biosynthetic genes are known for only eight products. Here we present a high-quality genome sequence of the first member of the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex (GFC) that allowed de novo genome assembly with 12 scaffolds corresponding to the 12 chromosomes. In this work we focused on identification of all potential secondary metabolism-related gene clusters and their regulation in response to nitrogen availability by transcriptome, proteome, HPLC-FTMS and ChIP-seq analyses. We show that most of the cluster genes are regulated in a nitrogen-dependent manner, and that expression profiles fit to proteome and ChIP-seq data for some but not all clusters. Comparison with genomes of all available Fusarium species, including the recently sequenced F. mangiferae and F. circinatum, showed only a small number of common gene clusters and provides new insights into the divergence of secondary metabolism in the genus Fusarium. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that some gene clusters were acquired by horizontal gene transfer, while others were present in ancient Fusarim species and have evolved differently by gene duplications and losses. One polyketide synthase (PKS) and one non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) gene cluster are unique for F. fujikuroi. Their products were identified by combining overexpression of cluster genes with HPLC-FTMS-based analyses. In planta expression studies suggest a specific role of the PKS19 product in rice infection. Our results indicate that comparative genomics together with the used genome-wide experimental approaches is a powerful tool to uncover new secondary metabolites and to understand their regulation at the transcriptional, translational and epigenetic levels. Examination of 3 different histone modifications, with 2 growth conditions for one of the modifications (Total of 4 samples)
Project description:Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium graminearum, is a detrimental disease that affects small grains such as wheat around the world. Management of FHB is difficult, and improved methods of surveillance as well as a better understanding of pathogen aggressiveness are needed for improved control. F. graminearum disease severity varies depending on the resistance of the host genotype. In this study, we used the field pathogenomics method to investigate gene expression and population structure of isolates collected from wheat lines of varying resistance levels (susceptible, intermediate, and resistant) as well as an axenic control. Differential gene expression was found among isolates collected from different host genotypes. Candidate gene sets were identified for both F. graminearum infection of specific host genotypes and general infection to wheat. Population structure of isolates from different resistance level sources was the same, with all isolates belonging to the NA1 population.
Project description:Fusarium fujikuroi is a biotechnologically important fungus due to its almost unique ability to produce gibberellic acids (GAs), a family of phytohormones. The fungus was described about 100 years ago as the causative agent of Bakanae (“foolish seedling”) disease of rice. Apart from GAs, the fungus is known to produce pigments and mycotoxins, but the biosynthetic genes are known for only eight products. Here we present a high-quality genome sequence of the first member of the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex (GFC) that allowed de novo genome assembly with 12 scaffolds corresponding to the 12 chromosomes. In this work we focused on identification of all potential secondary metabolism-related gene clusters and their regulation in response to nitrogen availability by transcriptome, proteome, HPLC-FTMS and ChIP-seq analyses. We show that most of the cluster genes are regulated in a nitrogen-dependent manner, and that expression profiles fit to proteome and ChIP-seq data for some but not all clusters. Comparison with genomes of all available Fusarium species, including the recently sequenced F. mangiferae and F. circinatum, showed only a small number of common gene clusters and provides new insights into the divergence of secondary metabolism in the genus Fusarium. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that some gene clusters were acquired by horizontal gene transfer, while others were present in ancient Fusarim species and have evolved differently by gene duplications and losses. One polyketide synthase (PKS) and one non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) gene cluster are unique for F. fujikuroi. Their products were identified by combining overexpression of cluster genes with HPLC-FTMS-based analyses. In planta expression studies suggest a specific role of the PKS19 product in rice infection. Our results indicate that comparative genomics together with the used genome-wide experimental approaches is a powerful tool to uncover new secondary metabolites and to understand their regulation at the transcriptional, translational and epigenetic levels.
Project description:Investigation of whole genome gene expression of the Fusarium fujikuroi wild type IMI58289 under gibberellin-inducing and -repressing conditions. Fusarium fujikuroi is a biotechnologically important fungus due to its almost unique ability to produce gibberellic acids (GAs), a family of phytohormones. The fungus was already described about 100 years ago as the causative agent of Bakanae (foolish seedling) disease of rice. Beside GAs, the fungus is known to produce some pigments and mycotoxins, but for only eight products the biosynthetic genes are known. Here we present a high-quality genome sequence of the first member of the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex (GFC), that allowed de novo genome assembly with 12 scaffolds corresponding to the 12 chromosomes. In this work, we focused on identification of all potential secondary metabolism-related gene clusters and their regulation in response to nitrogen availability by transcriptome, proteome, HPLC-FLPC and ChIP-seq analyses. We show that most of the cluster genes are regulated in a nitrogen-dependent manner, and that expression profiles fit to proteome and ChIP-seq data for some but not all clusters. Comparison with genomes of all available Fusarium species, including the recently sequenced F. mangiferae and F. circinatum, showed only a small number of common gene clusters and provides new insights into the divergence of secondary metabolism in the genus Fusarium. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that some gene clusters were acquired by horizontal gene transfer, while others were present in ancient Fusarim species and have evolved differently by gene duplications and losses. One PKS and one NRPS gene cluster are unique for F. fujikuroi. Their products were identified by combining overexpression of cluster genes with HPLC-FLPC -based product analyses. In planta, expression studies suggest a specific role of the PKS19 product in rice infection. Our results indicate that comparative genomics together with the used genome-wide experimental approaches is a powerful tool to uncover new secondary metabolites and to understand their regulation on the transcript, protein and epigenetic levels.
Project description:Investigation of whole genome gene expression of the Fusarium fujikuroi wild type IMI58289 under gibberellin-inducing and -repressing conditions. Fusarium fujikuroi is a biotechnologically important fungus due to its almost unique ability to produce gibberellic acids (GAs), a family of phytohormones. The fungus was already described about 100 years ago as the causative agent of Bakanae (foolish seedling) disease of rice. Beside GAs, the fungus is known to produce some pigments and mycotoxins, but for only eight products the biosynthetic genes are known. Here we present a high-quality genome sequence of the first member of the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex (GFC), that allowed de novo genome assembly with 12 scaffolds corresponding to the 12 chromosomes. In this work, we focused on identification of all potential secondary metabolism-related gene clusters and their regulation in response to nitrogen availability by transcriptome, proteome, HPLC-FLPC and ChIP-seq analyses. We show that most of the cluster genes are regulated in a nitrogen-dependent manner, and that expression profiles fit to proteome and ChIP-seq data for some but not all clusters. Comparison with genomes of all available Fusarium species, including the recently sequenced F. mangiferae and F. circinatum, showed only a small number of common gene clusters and provides new insights into the divergence of secondary metabolism in the genus Fusarium. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that some gene clusters were acquired by horizontal gene transfer, while others were present in ancient Fusarim species and have evolved differently by gene duplications and losses. One PKS and one NRPS gene cluster are unique for F. fujikuroi. Their products were identified by combining overexpression of cluster genes with HPLC-FLPC -based product analyses. In planta, expression studies suggest a specific role of the PKS19 product in rice infection. Our results indicate that comparative genomics together with the used genome-wide experimental approaches is a powerful tool to uncover new secondary metabolites and to understand their regulation on the transcript, protein and epigenetic levels. In this study, we hybridized in total 15 microarrays using total RNA recovered from wild-type cultures of F. fujikuroi IMI58289. Two cultures were grown on a 6 mM Gln medium. Additionally, two technical replicates were created. Four cultures were grown on a 60 mM Gln medium. Again, two technical replicates were created. On a 6 mM NO3 medium, three cultures were grown, and two cultures on a 120 mM NO3 medium, with no technical replicates. Each chip measures the expression level of 14,397 genes from F. fujikuroi IMI58289 with eight 60-mer probes.