A novel vitronectin peptide facilitates differentiation of oligodendrocytes from human embryonic stem cells (Synthetic ECM for oligodendrocyte differentiation)
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA727225 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR14416902_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR14416902_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR14416903_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR14416903_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR14416904_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Differentiation of oligodendrocytes (ODs) presents a challenge in regenerative medicine due to their role in various neurological diseases associated with dysmyelination and demyelination. Here, we designed a peptide derived from vitronectin (VN) using in silico docking simulation and examined its use as a synthetic substrate to support the differentiation of ODs derived from human embryonic stem cells.
2021-05-05 | GSE173826 | GEO
Project description:Oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the central nervous system, are essential for correct brain function. They originate from oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) through a differentiation process which is only incompletely understood and impaired in a variety of demyelinating diseases. Better knowledge of this differentiation holds the promise to develop novel therapies for these disorders. We investigated the differentiation of rat oligodendrocyte precursor cells to oligodendrocytes in vitro. After confirmation of differentiation by immunohistochemical analysis using cell type-specific marker proteins, we conducted a quantitative proteomics study using tandem mass tags (TMT). We investigated four time points of differentiation covering early, intermediate, and late stages. Data analysis was perfomed using Mascot and Maxquant.
2019-06-21 | PXD012544 | Pride
Project description:Oligodendrocytes undergo extensive changes as they differentiate from progenitors into myelinating cells. To better understand the; molecular mechanisms underlying this transformation, we performed a comparative analysis using gene expression profiling of A2B5+; oligodendrocyte progenitors and O4+ oligodendrocytes. Cells were sort-purified ex vivo from postnatal rat brain using flow cytometry. Using Affymetrix microarrays, 1707 transcripts were identified with a more than twofold increase in expression inO4+oligodendrocytes. Many genes required for oligodendrocyte differentiation were upregulated in O4+ oligodendrocytes, including numerous genes encoding; myelin proteins. Transcriptional changes included genes required for cell adhesion, actin cytoskeleton regulation, and fatty acid and; cholesterol biosynthesis. At the O4+ stage, there was an increase in expression of a novel proline-rich transmembrane protein (Prmp). Localized to the plasma membrane, Prmp displays adhesive properties that may be important for linking the extracellular matrix to the; actin cytoskeleton. Together, our results highlight the usefulness of this discovery-driven experimental strategy to identify genes relevant; to oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination. Experiment Overall Design: Whole brain dissociates were prepared from one litter of 10 male postnatal day 7 rat pups for each of the 5 A2B5 bioligcal replicates and the 4 O4+ bioligical replicates. Total RNA was extracted from single A2B5+ and single O4+ cells sorted directly from postnatal day7 rat whole brain dissociates using flow cytometry.
2007-11-29 | E-GEOD-5940 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Differentiation of oligodendrocytes (ODs) presents a challenge in regenerative medicine due to their role in various neurological diseases associated with dysmyelination and demyelination. Here, we designed a peptide derived from vitronectin (VN) using in silico docking simulation and examined its use as a synthetic substrate to support the differentiation of ODs derived from human pluripotent stem cells. The designed peptide, named VNP2, promoted OD differentiation induced by the overexpression of SOX10 in OD precursor cells compared with Matrigel and full-length VN. ODs differentiated on VNP2 exhibited greater contact with axon-mimicking nanofibers than those differentiated on Matrigel. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the genes associated with morphogenesis, cytoskeleton remodeling, and OD differentiation were upregulated in cells grown on VNP2 compared with cells grown on Matrigel. This new synthetic VN-derived peptide can be used to develop a culture environment for efficient OD differentiation.
| S-EPMC8698880 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The zinc finger protein ZFP24 is critical for CNS myelination. Nonetheless, the mechanism by which ZFP24 controls myelination is unknown. Here we use chromatin IP (ChIP) to map ZFP24 binding sites in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC) and differentiated oligodendrocytes (OLG). We find that ZFP24 directly binds the enhancer regions of genes important for oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination and mediates their expression. We demonstrate that ZFP24 undergoes phosphorylation and dephosphorylation in oligodendrocyte lineage cells and that ZFP24 binding to DNA is controlled by its phosphorylated state such that only the non-phosphorylated form of the protein, predominantly found in mature oligodendrocytes, mediates expression of myelin protein genes. We have also identified key ZFP24 downstream target genes. Among these, we show that enforced expression of the crucial myelin transcription factor MYRF can rescue myelin proteins gene expression in ZFP24 -ablated cells. Our data also suggest that ZFP24 display overlapping genomic binding sites with the transcription factors MYRF, SOX10, and OLIG2 which are known to control terminal differentiation of oligodendrocytes. Though the human genome contains roughly 700 C2H2-containing zinc finger proteins, the DNA-binding sequences and the biological functions of the vast majority of them are unknown. Our findings provide a direct molecular mechanism by which dephosphorylation of ZFP24 mediates its binding to enhancer regions of genes important for oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination, controls their expression, and as a result, regulates oligodendrocyte differentiation and CNS myelination.
2018-04-10 | GSE101535 | GEO
Project description:Oligodendrocytes are specialized cells that confer neuronal myelination. Leukodystrophies associated with oligodendrocyte and hypomyelination are known to result when a number of tRNA metabolism genes are mutated. Thus, for unknown reasons, oligodendrocytes may be hypersensitive to perturbations in tRNA biology. In this study, we survey the tRNA transcriptome in the murine oligodendrocytes cell lineage in an effort to understanding the molecular underpinning for human disease. We find that specific tRNAs are hypomodified in oligodendrocytes within or near the anticodon. This hypomodified state may be the result of differential expression of key modification enzymes during oligodendrocyte differentiation. Moreover, we observe a concomitant relationship between tRNA hypomodification and tRNA decoding potential; observing oligodendrocyte specific alterations in codon optimality-mediated mRNA decay and ribosome transit. Our results reveal that oligodendrocytes naturally maintain a delicate, hypersensitized tRNA/mRNA axis. We suggest this axis underlies disease etiology when further insult to tRNA metabolism is introduced.
2022-08-08 | GSE182810 | GEO
Project description:Oligodendrocytes are specialized cells that confer neuronal myelination. Leukodystrophies associated with oligodendrocyte and hypomyelination are known to result when a number of tRNA metabolism genes are mutated. Thus, for unknown reasons, oligodendrocytes may be hypersensitive to perturbations in tRNA biology. In this study, we survey the tRNA transcriptome in the murine oligodendrocytes cell lineage in an effort to understanding the molecular underpinning for human disease. We find that specific tRNAs are hypomodified in oligodendrocytes within or near the anticodon. This hypomodified state may be the result of differential expression of key modification enzymes during oligodendrocyte differentiation. Moreover, we observe a concomitant relationship between tRNA hypomodification and tRNA decoding potential; observing oligodendrocyte specific alterations in codon optimality-mediated mRNA decay and ribosome transit. Our results reveal that oligodendrocytes naturally maintain a delicate, hypersensitized tRNA/mRNA axis. We suggest this axis underlies disease etiology when further insult to tRNA metabolism is introduced.
2022-08-08 | GSE182809 | GEO
Project description:Oligodendrocytes are specialized cells that confer neuronal myelination. Leukodystrophies associated with oligodendrocyte and hypomyelination are known to result when a number of tRNA metabolism genes are mutated. Thus, for unknown reasons, oligodendrocytes may be hypersensitive to perturbations in tRNA biology. In this study, we survey the tRNA transcriptome in the murine oligodendrocytes cell lineage in an effort to understanding the molecular underpinning for human disease. We find that specific tRNAs are hypomodified in oligodendrocytes within or near the anticodon. This hypomodified state may be the result of differential expression of key modification enzymes during oligodendrocyte differentiation. Moreover, we observe a concomitant relationship between tRNA hypomodification and tRNA decoding potential; observing oligodendrocyte specific alterations in codon optimality-mediated mRNA decay and ribosome transit. Our results reveal that oligodendrocytes naturally maintain a delicate, hypersensitized tRNA/mRNA axis. We suggest this axis underlies disease etiology when further insult to tRNA metabolism is introduced.
2022-08-08 | GSE182808 | GEO
Project description:We performed genome-wide profiling of Tcf7l2 occupancy during oligodendrocyte differentiation and identified the key enzymes involved in cholesterol metabolism and essential for CNS myelination. Examination of Tcf7l2 chIP-seq in oligodendrocyte progenitor cell and 2 differentiation oligodendrocytes.
2016-02-19 | E-GEOD-65119 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Myelination by oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) is essential for proper brain function, yet the molecular determinants that control this process remain poorly understood. The basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors Olig1 and Olig2 promote myelination, whereas bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and Wnt/?-catenin signaling inhibit myelination. Here we show that these opposing regulators of myelination are functionally linked by the Olig1/2 common target Smad-interacting protein-1 (Sip1). We demonstrate that Sip1 is an essential modulator of CNS myelination. Sip1 represses differentiation inhibitory signals by antagonizing BMP receptor-activated Smad activity while activating crucial oligodendrocyte-promoting factors. Importantly, a key Sip1-activated target, Smad7, is required for oligodendrocyte differentiation and partially rescues differentiation defects caused by Sip1 loss. Smad7 promotes myelination by blocking the BMP- and ?-catenin-negative regulatory pathways. Thus, our findings reveal that Sip1-mediated antagonism of inhibitory signaling is critical for promoting CNS myelination and point to new mediators for myelin repair. ChIP-seq was performed to identify Olig2 direct target genes in oligodendrocytes during oligodendrocyte differentiation.
2012-08-31 | E-GEOD-40506 | biostudies-arrayexpress