Project description:ATGL= the rate-limiting enzyme for intracellular lipolysis. Atgl KO/cTg = Mice lacking Atgl except for cardiac transgenic overexpression of Atgl (Atgl -/- ,Myh6Atgl+/+) to rescue early age death deu to cardiomyopathy. wt/cTg = respective control. The airways of the lung are constantly exposed to inhaled toxic substances, resulting in cellular damage. Within bronchii, club cells make up majority of the cell population in the terminal bronchiolar epithelia. Club cells are known for their ability to metabolize environmental toxins and constantly repairing small impacts in the epithelial layer. Considering the importance of club cells in maintaining bronchiolar epithelial integrity, we porformed gene expression data analysis to decipher the possible dysregulated gene expression thereby corresponding molecular pathways in our mice lacking ATGL.
Project description:Adipose Triglyceride Lipase (ATGL) and Monoglyceride Lipase (MGL) are two enzymes that contribute to intracellular neutral lipolysis by breaking down triglycerides stored within lipid droplets. Recently, lipid droplet accumulation has been described as a novel hallmark of cancer. While lipid metabolism has been investigated in cancer in recent decades, the role of lipid hydrolysis and its enzymes have not been in the focus of cancer research. We and others have found that lipid hydrolysis enzymes might play an important role in the development and progression of lung cancer. To this end, we chose four different non-small cell lung cancer cell lines and employed CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing to knock out either ATGL (ATGL-KO) or MGL (MGL-KO), and a non-targeting control (NTC) was employed to generate a control cell line within each parental cell type. We then performed label free quantitative proteomics to identify differences between the generated cell lines and confirmed ATGL-KO in ATGL-KO cell lines as well as MGL-KO in MGL-KO cell lines. Furthermore, dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), an enzyme that is important in some cancer, was upregulated in some, but not all, of the NSCLC cancer cell lines lacking either one of the two lipases.
Project description:Atglflox/flox (B6N.129S-Pnpla2tm1Eek/J), S100A8-cre+/- (B6.Cg-Tg(S100A8-cre,-EGFP)1Ilw/J) mice were obtained from The Jackson Laboratory. Atglflox/flox mice were bred to S100A8-cre+/- mice to generate Atglflox/WTS100A8-cre+/- mice, which were backcrossed onto Atglflox/flox mice to generate Atglflox/floxS100A8-cre+/- mice (Atgl neutrophils-specific knock out, Atgl-cKO). Age-matched littermate Atglflox/flox mice were used as wild-type (WT) controls. To compare of the gene expression of the lung-infiltrating neutrophils isolated from Atgl-cKO mice and their WT littermates, AT3-g-csf cells were injected into the fourth mammary fat pads of female WT and Atgl-cKO mice (10-week-old, n = 4/group). The AT3-g-csf cell line is based on a murine breast cancer cell line (AT3) derived from MMTV-PyMT tumors in the C57BL/6 background, and further constructed to overexpress granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) for induction of the host inflammatory condition. At day 10 (pre-metastatic stage), the mice were euthanized and then Ly6G+ neutrophils were isolated from lung by using anti-Ly6G MicroBead Kit (Miltenyi Biotec) following manufacturer’s instructions. The isolated neutrophils were analyzed by flow cytometry and the cells with a > 95% purity were used for the next procedure. Total RNA was isolated from neutrophils using the miRNeasy Mini kit (Qiagen) and the transcriptional profiles of neutrophils were analyzed by RNA sequencing.
Project description:Gene expression patterns of bronchiolar progenitors and club cells in mouse lung were examined by microarray experiments. Although it has not yet been fully characterized, a subset of epithelial cells lining bronchioles are best understood as bronchiolar progenitors that self-renew over the long term and that can differentiate into more differentiated club cells and ciliated cells. The bronchiolar progenitors are distinct from club cells and characteristically express the alveolar type 2 cell marker, prosurfactant protein C, with lower levels of club cell secretory protein/Scgb1a1. There are also functional differences between them; while club cells can be depleted by naphthalene because of the abundance of cytochrome P450 enzyme Cyp2f2, bronchiolar progenitors are resistant to naphthalene-induced depletion because of defects in the enzyme.
Project description:We showed earlier that nutritional stress like starvation or high fat diet resulted in phenotypic changes in the lipidomes of hepatocyte lipid droplets (LDs), representative for the pathophysiological status of the mouse model. Here we extend our former study by adding genetic stress due to knock-out (KO) of adipocyte triglyceride lipase (ATGL), the rate limiting enzyme in LD lipolysis. An intervention trial for 6 weeks with male wild-type (WT) and ATGL-KO mice was carried out; both genotypes were fed lab chow or were exposed to short-time starvation. Isolated LDs were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Triacylglycerol, diacylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine lipidomes, in that order, provided best phenotypic signatures characteristic for respective stresses applied to the animals. This was evidenced at lipid species level by principal component analysis, calculation of average values for chain-lengths and numbers of double bonds, and by visualization in heat maps. Structural backgrounds for analyses and metabolic relationships were elaborated at lipid molecular species level. Relating our lipidomic data to non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases of nutritional and genetic etiologies with or without accompanying insulin resistance, phenotypic distinction in hepatocyte LDs dependent on insulin status emerged. Taken together, lipidomes of hepatocyte lipid droplets are sensitive responders to nutritional and genetic stress.
Project description:mRNAseq and proteomic data set of one week old WT (Chop wt/wt CkmmCre wt/wt Dars2 fl/fl), Chop KO (Chop ko/ko CkmmCre wt/wt Dars2 fl/fl), Dars2 KO (Chop wt/wt CkmmCre tg/wt Dars2 fl/fl) and DKO (Chop ko/ko CkmmCre tg/wt Dars2 fl/fl) mice