Treatment Options for type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY)
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PROVIDER: PRJNA734382 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Treatment Options for type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY)
| PRJNA734383 | ENA
Project description:Single cell RNA-sequencing analysis allows for a more complete cell-by-cell analysis of the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on the kidneys of patients with youth onset type 2 diabetes.
2023-01-19 | GSE220939 | GEO
Project description:Lifestyle intervention can improve insulin sensitivity in obese youth yet few studies have examined the biological mechanisms underlying improvements. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore biological pathways associated with intervention-induced improvements in insulin sensitivity. Fifteen (7M/8F) overweight/obese (BMI percentile=96.3M-BM-11.1) Latino adolescents (15.0M-BM-10.9 years) completed a 12-week lifestyle intervention that included weekly nutrition education and 180 minutes of moderate-vigorous exercise per week. Insulin sensitivity, estimated by an oral glucose tolerance test and the Matsuda Index, increased 29.2% post intervention (2.4M-BM-10.3 to 3.1M-BM-10.3, p=0.01). Global microarray analysis profiling from whole blood was performed to examine changes in gene expression and to explore biological pathways that were significantly changed in response to the intervention. A total of 1,459 probes corresponding to mRNA transcripts (717 up, 742 down) were differentially expressed with a fold changeM-bM-^IM-%1.2 and P<0.05. Among the genes identified were hexokinase 3 (HK3), ATPase, H+ transporting V0 subunit e2 (ATPV0E), and sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 (SREBF1), and endothelial cell adhesion molecule (ESAM). There were 8 pathways identified that met the criteria for significance, including insulin signaling, type 1 diabetes, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Participants that increased insulin sensitivity exhibited five times the number of significant genes altered compared to non-responders (1,144 vs. 230). These findings offer insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying health improvements among high-risk Latino youth. Lifestyle interventions may contribute to improved insulin sensitivity through pathways related to insulin signaling and immune response. Further, genetic factors may mediate response to lifestyle intervention. Fifteen (7M/8F) overweight/obese Latino Youth Whole blood RNA samples evaluated pre and post intervention.
2013-11-04 | E-GEOD-50800 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:To evaluate functional consequences of insulin-deficient diabetes mellitus for the liver, we used a genetically engineered pig model of mutant INS gene induced diabetes of youth (MIDY). Liver samples of MIDY pigs and wild-type (WT) littermate controls were analyzed by label-free proteomics to reveal pathways and key drivers significantly affected by chronic insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia.
2019-11-12 | PXD011536 | Pride
Project description:Context:Little is known about reproductive function in girls with youth-onset type 2 diabetes. Objectives:To characterize girls with irregular menses and effects of glycemic treatments on menses and sex steroids in the Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Youth (TODAY) study. Design:Differences in demographic, metabolic, and hormonal characteristics between regular- vs irregular-menses groups were tested; treatment group (metformin with or without rosiglitazone, metformin plus lifestyle) effect on menses and sex steroids over time in the study was assessed. This is a secondary analysis of TODAY data. Setting:Multicenter study in an academic setting. Patients:TODAY girls not receiving hormonal contraception and those at least 1-year postmenarche were included. Irregular menses was defined as three or fewer periods in the prior 6 months. Results:Of eligible participants with serum measurement of sex steroids (n = 190; mean age, 14 years), 21% had irregular menses. Those with irregular vs regular menses had higher body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (P = 0.001), free androgen index (P = 0.0003), and total testosterone (P = 0.01) and lower sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) (P = 0.004) and estradiol (P = 0.01). Differences remained after adjustment for BMI. There was no treatment group effect on menses or sex steroids at 12 or 24 months, and no association of sex steroids was seen with measures of insulin sensitivity or secretion. Conclusions:Menstrual dysfunction is common in girls with recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes and associated with alterations in sex steroids, SHBG, and AST but not with alteration in insulin sensitivity or β-cell function and did not improve with 2 years of antihyperglycemic treatment.
| S-EPMC6276678 | biostudies-literature
Project description:To evaluate functional consequences of insulin-deficient diabetes mellitus for adipose tissue, we used a genetically engineered pig model of mutant INS gene induced diabetes of youth (MIDY). Adipose tissue samples of MIDY pigs and wild-type (WT) littermate controls were analyzed by label-free proteomics to reveal pathways and key drivers significantly affected by chronic insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia.
2022-02-17 | PXD026910 | Pride
Project description:Fifty-six children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes at least one year after diagnosis, aged 6-17 years old and fifty-six healthy age- and sex-matched subjects were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Tear samples were collected using Schirmer strips placed on the lower eyelid. The proteomic analysis was based on a detergent-assisted protein extraction and their digestion from the tears, analysis of the tryptic peptides with LC-MS/ enabling the identification, and quantification of the Shirmer strip protein content via DIA-NN, and subsequently the statistical and bioinformatic analysis using the R and Metascape enrichment analysis tool.
2024-10-17 | PXD052994 | Pride
Project description:SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study - Genetic Risk Score
| PRJNA782026 | ENA
Project description:SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study - Genetic Risk Score
| PRJNA782027 | ENA
Project description:Background Non-adherence to diabetes medication leads to poor outcomes and increased healthcare costs. Multiple factors affecting adherence in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have been identified, but pediatric data is sparse. We aimed to determine whether initiation of additional oral medications or insulin affects adherence to primary study medication (PSM) in the Treatment Options for type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) study. Methods Six hundred and ninety-nine youth (aged 10-17 years) with recent-onset T2D were randomized in the TODAY study. Participants were categorized as adherent (≥80% taken by pill count) or non-adherent (<80%), and adherence was compared between those on additional medications or not. Subgroup analyses to assess influence of race/ethnicity, gender, medication type, or depression were performed. Results At 36 months, 46.3% of participants were taking additional oral medications and 31.9% were on insulin. There was no difference in study medication adherence with additional oral medications (55.1%, 67.1%, and 56.7% at month 36 in those prescribed 0, 1, or 2+ additional medications; p = 0.16). Girls on oral contraceptives (OC) had higher adherence (65.2% vs. 55.8% at month 36; p = 0.0054). Participants on insulin had lower adherence (39.7% vs. 59.3% at 36 months; p < 0.0001). There was decreased adherence in participants with baseline depression (p = 0.008). Conclusions Additional oral medications did not influence adherence to diabetes medications in TODAY. Addition of insulin led to reduced adherence. In subgroup analyses, OC use was associated with higher adherence in girls, while baseline depression was associated with lower adherence overall. Further studies examining potentially modifiable risk factors of adherence in pediatric T2D are needed.
| S-EPMC8201598 | biostudies-literature