Project description:The coordination of chloroplast and nuclear genome status are critical for plant cell function, but the mechanism remain largely unclear. In this study, we report that Arabidopsis thaliana CHLOROPLAST AND NUCLEUS DUAL-LOCALIZED PROTEIN 1 (CND1) maintains genome stability in both the chloroplast and the nucleus.
Project description:The coordination of chloroplast and nuclear genome status are critical for plant cell function, but the mechanism remain largely unclear. In this study, we report that Arabidopsis thaliana CHLOROPLAST AND NUCLEUS DUAL-LOCALIZED PROTEIN 1 (CND1) maintains genome stability in both the chloroplast and the nucleus.
Project description:Arabidopsis nuclear RecA homologue RA51D were reported to be involved in plant defense responses. Plant organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplast also have their own RecA homologues. We focused on chloroplast RecA homologue RECA1 because it has been well known that the precursors of phytohormones and secondary metabolites related to plant defense responses are synthesized in chloroplast and recent studies have identified several chloroplastic proteins invoved with plant defense responses. We used microarrays to investigate the global gene expression changes by RECA1.
Project description:Arabidopsis nuclear RecA homologue RA51D were reported to be involved in plant defense responses. Plant organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplast also have their own RecA homologues. We focused on chloroplast RecA homologue RECA1 because it has been well known that the precursors of phytohormones and secondary metabolites related to plant defense responses are synthesized in chloroplast and recent studies have identified several chloroplastic proteins invoved with plant defense responses. We used microarrays to investigate the global gene expression changes by RECA1 and identified the up-regualted genes involved with plant defense response. 2-week-old Col-0 and RECA1(at1g79050)-overexpressing plants without any treatments were used for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays. Col-0 plants were used as control and T3 RECA1-overexpressing transgenic plants were used in this study.
Project description:In the present study, we discover the presence of m2A in chloroplast rRNA and tRNA, as well as cytosolic tRNA, in multiple plant species. We identify six m2A-modified chloroplast tRNAs and two m2A-modified cytosolic tRNAs across different plants. Furthermore, we characterize three Arabidopsis m2A methyltransferases—RLMNL1, RLMNL2, and RLMNL3—which methylate chloroplast rRNA, chloroplast tRNA, and cytosolic tRNA, respectively. Our findings demonstrate that m2A37 promotes a relaxed conformation of tRNA, enhancing translation efficiency in chloroplast and cytosol by facilitating decoding of tandem m2A-tRNA-dependent codons. This study provides insights into the molecular function and biological significance of m2A, uncovering a layer of translation regulation in plants.
Project description:For establishing the photosynthetic apparatus plant cells must orchestrate the expression of genes encoded in both nucleus and chloroplast. Therefore a crosstalk between the two compartments is necessary. We employed a trivalent gene expression profiling approach in order to elucidate the changes in gene expression that occur during the early steps of light-induced chloroplast biogenesis.