Project description:Complex microbial metabolism is key to taste formation in high-quality fish sauce during fermentation. To guide quality supervising and targeted regulation, we analyzed the function of microbial flora during fermentation based on a previous metagenomic database. Most of the identified genes involved in metabolic functions showed an upward trend in abundance during fermentation. In total, 571 proteins extracted from fish sauce at different fermentation stages were identified. The proteins were mainly derived from Halanaerobium, Psychrobacter, Photobacterium, and Tetragenococcus. Functional annotation showed 15 pathways related to amino acid metabolism, including alanine, aspartate, glutamate, and histidine metabolism; lysine degradation; and arginine biosynthesis.
Project description:In order to identify the genes induced by different bacterial cells, which may contain different types of pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), high-throughput gene expression analyses using Agilent custom-oligo DNA microarray containingon 9,573 probes constructed for Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus were conducted. A number of genes showed significant changes in mRNA levels. However, there are no significant difference in a manner of the changes among the different bacterial cell treatments. The genes significantly induced by the treatments included well-known immune-related genes such as granulocyte-colony stimulation factor, haptoglobin, hepcidin. The kidney were isolated from the formalin killed cells (FKCs) intraperitoneal injected Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus using the four formalin-killed cells, Edwardsiella tarda strain 54, Lactococcus garviae strain EH8706, Streptococcus iniae strain 02 and Vibrio anguillarum strain H775-3, respectively. Fishes were administered by an intraperitoneal injection using the 1.0 x 10^7 to 1.0 x 10^8 cells of FKCs. After 6 hours from a injection, fish kidney was isolated. We also isolated phosphate-bufferd seline injected fish kidney as a control. We analyzed a four samples in control. We also analyze a three samples in FKC injected fish (16 hybridization).
Project description:Heinemann2005 - Genome-scale reconstruction
of Staphylococcus aureus (iMH551)
This model is described in the article:
In silico genome-scale
reconstruction and validation of the Staphylococcus aureus
metabolic network.
Heinemann M, Kümmel A,
Ruinatscha R, Panke S.
Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2005 Dec; 92(7):
850-864
Abstract:
A genome-scale metabolic model of the Gram-positive,
facultative anaerobic opportunistic pathogen Staphylococcus
aureus N315 was constructed based on current genomic data,
literature, and physiological information. The model comprises
774 metabolic processes representing approximately 23% of all
protein-coding regions. The model was extensively validated
against experimental observations and it correctly predicted
main physiological properties of the wild-type strain, such as
aerobic and anaerobic respiration and fermentation. Due to the
frequent involvement of S. aureus in hospital-acquired
bacterial infections combined with its increasing antibiotic
resistance, we also investigated the clinically relevant
phenotype of small colony variants and found that the model
predictions agreed with recent findings of proteome analyses.
This indicates that the model is useful in assisting future
experiments to elucidate the interrelationship of bacterial
metabolism and resistance. To help directing future studies for
novel chemotherapeutic targets, we conducted a large-scale in
silico gene deletion study that identified 158 essential
intracellular reactions. A more detailed analysis showed that
the biosynthesis of glycans and lipids is rather rigid with
respect to circumventing gene deletions, which should make
these areas particularly interesting for antibiotic
development. The combination of this stoichiometric model with
transcriptomic and proteomic data should allow a new quality in
the analysis of clinically relevant organisms and a more
rationalized system-level search for novel drug targets.
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